Anton Tsugunov

Reading time: 6 minutes

Among different types batteries, bimetallic radiators occupy a special place. The combination of the positive characteristics of two metals - aluminum and steel - allows you to achieve outstanding strength and heat transfer. Let's look at the design and features of these devices and get acquainted with the rules for selection and connection bimetallic batteries.

Design and properties of a bimetallic radiator

Bimetallic radiators have a combined structure - their internal part, in contact with the coolant, is made of steel; the outer part, responsible for the quality of heat transfer, is made of aluminum. This distribution of materials allows maximum use positive qualities both metals, neutralizing their deficiencies.

From aluminum, bimetallic heating radiators received:

• high thermal inertness;
• excellent heat dissipation;
• quick response to battery temperature regulation.

The steel core gives the batteries the following characteristics:

• resistance to pressure drops and water hammer;
• resistance to electrochemical influences;
• undemanding to the quality of the coolant;
• durability.

Available number of sections – from 4 to 14, efficient work with coolant up to 135 °C, withstand pressure up to 100 atmospheres. A well-thought-out logistics system, cooperation with reliable suppliers and partners, as well as warranty and insurance directly from the manufacturer make the STOUT brand the best choice.

Advice: since the exterior is bimetallic sectional radiator practically indistinguishable from aluminum, you can understand which radiator is in front of you, first of all, by weight. A bimetallic device with a steel core is significantly heavier than its aluminum counterpart.

Possible problems during operation

Bimetal devices have large number advantages. Which of their features can be considered disadvantages?

1. Despite the possibility of using bimetallic batteries in a system with any coolant, the low quality of the latter negatively affects the service life of the device.
2. Different coefficients of expansion of the metals present in the battery design can, over time, lead to instability of heat transfer and a decrease in the strength of the device.
3. Use of coolant in the system low quality can lead to clogging of channels, corrosion, and deterioration of heat transfer.

Design features

Bimetallic batteries can have two types of designs.

• Cheaper models are distinguished by the presence of a steel core only in the vertical channels. Such radiators are sometimes called semi-bimetallic. Despite the fact that their characteristics are significantly superior to aluminum devices, they still do not have sufficient strength inherent in full-fledged bimetallic batteries.
• Real bimetallic heating devices They have a solid steel frame, which is filled under pressure with an aluminum alloy during the production process.

Separately, we can mention copper-aluminum radiators, which in their characteristics surpass all existing species batteries They have excellent corrosion resistance, excellent heat dissipation and a long service life, but their high cost has prevented them from becoming widespread.

Battery sizes

The dimensions of the device are important, since with the required power parameters it must fit in a niche under the window. What sizes can bimetallic batteries have?

Bimetallic heating radiators are characterized by standard height dimensions. The device has a marking that indicates center distance device - 200, 350 or 500 mm.

Important! When choosing a radiator, it is necessary to take into account that the center distance is the gap between the inlet and outlet holes of the battery, which does not correspond to the entire height of the case. To find out the actual height of the device, you need to add 80 mm to the center distance.

Full height of the device with different markings:

• marking 200 – actual height 280 mm;
• 350 – device height 430 mm;
• 500 – height 580 mm.

The width of the heating device will depend on the number of sections, which is calculated based on the parameters of the room and the power of the individual section.

Attention! When choosing the size of the radiator, do not forget that in accordance with technical standards the device must be installed at a distance of at least 10 cm from the window sill and 6 cm from the floor.

Calculation of the number of sections of bimetallic batteries

How many bimetal radiator sections can fully heat a room? Calculation bimetallic radiators requires knowledge of two parameters:

• how many square meters does the room occupy?
• power of one section of the device.

According to building codes for heating 1 square meter living space requires approximately 100 watts of power. In order to find out the total power required for, the area value is multiplied by 100. The result obtained is divided by the power of the section of the selected radiator.

Let's find out how many sections of the device are needed for a room of 25 square meters. m. when using a bimetallic device, the power of one section of which is 170 W.

1. 25 x 100 = 2500 W – required power.
2. 2500: 170 =14.7 – round to 15 – we get required quantity sections.

Considering the fact that system parameters may change due to equipment wear or blockages, you can add a 20% reserve. More sections may be needed for heating corner apartment, rooms with many windows, high ceilings. For regions with harsh climates, the required number of sections will be 1.5–2 times greater.

Important! Since batteries with more than 10 sections do not heat up efficiently, it is advisable to install several radiators with fewer sections.

What to look for when choosing

Let's find out what characteristics of a bimetallic radiator you need to study when purchasing.

1. Working pressure. The bimetallic sectional radiator must withstand constant load at 15 atmospheres, for a centralized heating system it is better to choose a device with a maximum operating pressure.
2. The rated power of the section is needed to calculate their number.
3. Dimensions. For standard window sills with a height of 80 cm, a model with a center distance of 500 mm is suitable.
4. Thickness of steel inlays. The thicker the walls, the stronger the device and the longer it will last.
5. Price. Bimetallic radiators cost at least 20% more than aluminum ones. If the price is lower, most likely it is a low quality “semi-bimetal”.

Radiator installation

Which pipes are best suited for bimetallic batteries? Experienced craftsmen It is recommended to combine bimetallic heating radiators with reinforced polypropylene pipes. It is allowed to use steel and metal-plastic pipes on collet connections, however in this case you need to be prepared for leaks and blockages. Due to its reliability in the best possible way The connection when connecting is the spot welding method.

Traditionally, it is customary to place the radiator under the window strictly in the center. This allows the device to create thermal curtain, creating an obstacle to the penetration of cold air currents through the window.

What are the options for connecting a bimetallic radiator?

• Lateral or one-sided connection has maximum efficiency, but only with a small number of sections (up to 12 pieces). At more sections, the area remote from the supply pipe will not warm up well.

• The bottom connection is less efficient in terms of heat transfer and is used only in the case of a specific system configuration.

• Diagonal connection is used for radiators with 12 or more sections and allows for uniform heating of the device.

Dimensions radiators determine amount of coolant which they are able to accommodate.

This determines the power of heating batteries.

Standard sizes of heating batteries

IN GOST 26645-85 Tolerances are described at nominal intervals.

The radiator has three linear dimensions responsible for the volume of the section.

Width: thin or thick

This is the distance between the outer walls of the battery. Quite a variable indicator.

The depth is usually 75—140 mm, depending on the material and manufacturer.

In rare cases, larger items are found.

Length

Visually - length. This is the space from the left to the right side wall. The indicator is taken equal 80 mm when creating order 95% of devices. In other cases a little more, maximum - 88 mm. Any other radiators are made to order. This does not apply to cast iron devices: they are wider.

Minimum height

The most variable value, which represents the vertical component of the section.

Usually it is 380—420 or 540—580 mm.

Eat special types batteries whose length is in the range from two to three meters.

Similar devices are placed in bathrooms.

Important! Axial distance is often mentioned. This is the gap between the connection points of the supply and return pipes. Standard sizes - 350 and 500 mm. But there are also other options, especially among aluminum products.

How to choose the correct size of radiator sections

Determining the dimensions of sections and their number - the most important step in creating a classic heating system.

With standard arrangement

The power they can develop depends on the size of the batteries and the material.

The length is almost always the same and is 80 mm. First determine the height. To do this, choose the installation location, which determines the available space.

And design also plays a big role. Using these parameters, the vertical component is determined. Usually decide between 350 and 500 millimeters.

Depending on the characteristics of the room, you can purchase devices from 200 mm. If a radiator is purchased for a bathroom or toilet, we recommend a narrow model that can completely cover the space between the floor and ceiling. High-altitude devices have different variations from one and a half to three meters.

Having determined two linear characteristics and material, proceed to calculations of the depth and number of sections. The number of the latter is usually taken equal to 10 , but there are others too. The thickness is found from the volume. The cubic value is divided into length and height. The determination of power is also closely related to these indicators: knowing the required power, you can find the number of sections.

With original interior

To create a design, manufacturers often donate technical characteristics.

First of all this applies to cast iron products. Domestic radiators look serious, but are simply covered paint.

European ones are more elegant, but weaker in heating. In any case, you need to find out from the documentation about the power that they are capable of developing, since you need to select devices based on heat transfer.

Reference! There are batteries in “retro” style. They have a pleasant appearance, but are expensive.

Aluminum They have the same shape, with the exception of custom-made ones, but they differ in a variety of colors. In addition, a wide range of dimensions helps them fit into almost any area of ​​the room.

Bimetallic Radiators, unlike their analogues, are made not only straight, but also curved. This makes them look good in rooms with smooth angles.

Regardless of the material chosen, before purchasing you should familiarize yourself with technical documentation and find out the dimensions internal parts sections containing coolant.

This will help you decide on batteries not only external signs, but also in terms of heating ability.

Should remember the possibility of combinations. So, if a certain device suits the design, but its power is not enough, you can install additional heating by hiding it behind the side panel. Or combine radiator heating with warm floors.

A good option for guest rooms will become fireplace installation. Although the latter often serves a decorative role, it is also capable of reducing the number or size of sections installed in the room. Sometimes it's better to sacrifice beauty than to freeze every winter.

If there is a desire create a special design, please contact the battery manufacturers. They will help you do the calculations. Thanks to this finished product will look beautiful and perform its direct function.

You might also be interested in:

What sizes are there?

Radiators are available in the following sizes.

Cast iron

According to the specification, standard dimensions:

• Width - 93 or 108 mm.
• Depth from 85 to 140 in steps of 5.
• Height - 588.

Sections made to order can have almost any size.

Knowing the length, the dimensions of the assembled device are determined, since a paronite gasket is placed between the parts 1 cm thick.

If installation is carried out at a point with insufficient space, add the size of the flushing tap.

Important! The distance between the axles is usually 500 mm. Small batteries with the size 350 are rare.

Each section is capable of issuing from 160 W, if the average daily temperature of air and coolant differs at 70 degrees. Cast iron withstands working pressure up to 9 atm.

Aluminum

Various models have similar internal dimensions. Width is t 80 or 88 mm. Depth varies in the range 10-90 mm. Height is 50 or 35 cm. Bathroom models reach three meters long.

Photo 1. Aluminum radiator model Indigo 500/100 with side connections, section power 196 W, manufacturer - “Royal-Thermo”, Russia.

When designing a heating system in a city apartment or private house, three main parameters are important to the owner: dimensions heating radiators, heat transfer of one section and the maximum operating pressure for which they are designed. Dispersion of these parameters among products modern market we are exploring.

The photo shows only three standard sizes of heating devices. However, in stores you can see a much wider selection.

Standard height

Let's start with the most common batteries with a center distance of 500 millimeters along the connections. These are exactly what each of us probably saw in the apartment where he spent his childhood.

Cast iron

The most typical representative is the cast iron radiator MS-140-500-0.9. Let's take a look at its specifications.

• Section length - 93 millimeters, depth - 140, height - 588. It is not difficult to calculate the dimensions of a multi-section radiator; with a length of 7-10 sections, it is worth adding about a centimeter to the thickness of the paronite gaskets.

Attention: when installing the radiator in a niche, do not forget about the length of the flush valve. Any cast iron heating radiators with side connections need to be flushed.

• The heat flow provided by one section at a temperature delta between the coolant and the surrounding air is 70C - 160 watts.
• The maximum operating pressure in megapascals is indicated in the product name - 0.9 MPa, which corresponds to 9 atmospheres.

Good quality products with good heat dissipation. However, they cannot be called a masterpiece of design.

Aluminum

Here, with the same interaxial distance of the connections, we observe a significant spread of parameters, so we will indicate the most typical ones.

• Typical dimensions of aluminum heating radiators: length 80 millimeters, depth 80-100 mm, height 575-585 millimeters.
• The heat transfer of a section depends on the fin area and the depth of the section. Usually it lies in the range of 180 - 200 watts per section.
• For most models, the operating pressure is 16 atmospheres. In this case, radiators are tested with a value one and a half times higher - 24 kgf/cm2.

It’s curious: the volume of coolant in one section of an aluminum radiator is 3-5 times less compared to a cast iron one. This is achieved due to the greater thermal conductivity of aluminum and the larger fin area. The obvious result is high speed water movement and almost complete absence of siltation.

Read also about installation features aluminum radiators heating.

Bimetallic

The steel core has little effect on appearance and the dimensions of the heating radiator, but the maximum operating pressure increases sharply.

Alas, as strength increases, so does the price: a bimetallic section will cost the buyer 400-700 rubles.

• Typical section dimensions: length - 80-82 mm, depth - 75 - 100, height - 550 - 580.
• Heat transfer is slightly reduced due to the lower thermal conductivity of steel. Generally bimetallic sections they are inferior to aluminum ones by only 10-20 watts per section, which are compensated by the larger fin area. Average heat flow values ​​are 160-200 watts.
• But thanks to the steel inside, the working pressure is much higher: for most members of the family it reaches 25-35 atmospheres when tested at 30-50. Radiator Monolith from Russian company Rifar is even capable of constantly operating at 100 kgf/cm2, but is tested at 150.

The record holder for strength comes with a 25-year guarantee.

Important: when installing a heating system with your own hands, the main instructions are to use pipes that are as strong as the radiator. Otherwise, the use of especially durable heating devices is meaningless: having removed one weak link from the circuit, we replace it with another. Bimetallic radiators are supplied only with steel connections.

Low

Radiators with small center distances have two nice features:

1. They can be placed under a low window sill.
2. They have the maximum heat transfer per unit surface area. The higher the radiator, the more warm air contacts him top part and the less heat flux from the surface of this part of the fins.

What options can we find here?

Read also about the characteristics of copper heating radiators.

Cast iron

Let's turn again to MS radiators made in Belarus.

• The MS-140M-300-0.9 radiator has a section length of the same 93 millimeters with a height of 388 mm and a depth of 140.
• The heat flow, of course, decreased with the change in dimensions and is now equal to 106 watts per section.
• The working pressure has not changed: the same 9 kgf/cm2.

However: among imported products you can find cast iron radiators with center distances along the connections of both 200 and 350 millimeters.

Designer products can even have arbitrary sizes.

Aluminum

The spread of center distances between domestic and imported low radiators is more than large. Sizes available are 150, 200, 250, 300, 350 and 400 millimeters.

What does this mean in terms of the characteristics we are interested in?

• The section length starts from 40 millimeters, which makes the battery unusually compact. Height - from 200, but depth in many models compensates for the lack of the other two sizes and reaches 180 mm.
• Thermal power varies from a ridiculous 50 to a quite respectable 160 watts per section. The defining moment is the area of ​​the section fins.
• The change in dimensions had little effect on the working pressure: most of the radiators are designed for the same 16 atmospheres with tests at 24.

Bimetallic

How will the size of heating radiators change if a steel core is placed inside the aluminum fins? But nothing. We can see absolutely all standard sizes characteristic of aluminum structures among bimetallic heating devices.

Thermal power also remains within the same limits: you can find low radiators with heat output of both 80 and 140 watts per section.

The working pressure, of course, remains high: after all, the material is different. The same 25-35 atmospheres are typical.

There are two interesting nuances:

1. Among bimetallic ones, you can find radiators not with solid steel cores, but with steel tubes inserted between aluminum collectors. In this case, the manufacturer, as a rule, is careful with the declared parameters, and for a bimetallic radiator you can see the declared 16 and even 12 atmospheres.
2. Low radiators made of aluminum and bimetal often do not have vertical channels and when lateral connection are heated by the collectors only due to the thermal conductivity of aluminum. Circulation is ensured by the last section: it is made flow-through.

Characteristics of domestic standard and low radiators.

High

Radiators of great height are installed in cases where the need for thermal power is high, but the layout of the room does not allow to occupy a large length of the wall. Accordingly, with a large height, these products have a limited width.

Cast iron

If domestic cast iron radiators mostly remain purely utilitarian products and are made of standard dimensions, then among imported products there are very stylish products of unusual height for cast iron.

As an example, take a look at the Demrad Retro line:

• With a standard width of 76 millimeters, the section height varies from 661 to 954 mm. The depth in all cases is 203 mm.
• The working pressure is 10 atmospheres, but radiators are tested at 13.
• The thermal power of the largest sections reaches 270 watts.
• The size of the heating radiator can reach 2400 millimeters in height.
• Working pressure is often limited to 6 atmospheres, but it is easy to find more durable products.
• Thanks to the high altitude, solid heat transfer is achieved: at a temperature delta of 70C it can reach 433 watts (Oscar 2000 from Global) and even more.

Aluminum

Often the supply for high radiators is connected from below. The goal is to hide the pipes.

Bimetallic

A significant part of high bimetallic radiators are designer designs, in which there is no need to talk about standard sizes and any kind of unification. In addition, often these are not sectional, but monolithic products.

As an example, however, we will take a serial representative of the family - the Sira RS-800 BIMETALL radiator.

• Section dimensions: height 880 mm, length 80 and depth 95 mm.
• Heat dissipation - 280 watts per section.
• The operating pressure is SUDDENLY 4 kgf/cm2 when tested at 6. The radiator is clearly not intended for central heating and is equipped with cores only in vertical channels.

Conclusion

Let's hope that you will be able to choose exactly the products that suit you in all respects. In the video at the end of the article you will find additional information on topics that interest you. Warm winters!

Read also about the features of replacing heating radiators in an apartment.

otoplenie-gid.ru

Dimensions of bimetallic heating radiators in height, depth and center-to-center distance

Owners of apartments in buildings with a centralized type of heating have been waiting for a long time for manufacturers to create batteries that can withstand all its disadvantages: high pressure, low-quality coolant and powerful water hammer that can destroy weak aluminum or steel radiators.

The combination of these two metals made it possible to produce completely unique technical specifications bimetallic radiators.

Feature of bimetallic devices

When a steel coil was placed inside the aluminum body, securing the entire structure tightly by welding, several problems were solved at once:

Consumers who have already tested bimetallic structures in their apartments say that their only drawback is their high cost. But, as a rule, quality, safety, beauty and economy are exactly those properties for which you don’t mind paying any money.

Types of aluminum-steel radiators

Manufacturers, following the lead of consumers, are trying to reduce the cost of production of bimetallic structures without changing their design as a whole. Now you can find several types of batteries of this type on the market:

If the installation of radiators is supposed to be in a room with an autonomous heating system, then there is no point in investing a lot of money in expensive models. In this case, it is enough to calculate the power and determine optimal sizes bimetallic heating radiators (10 sections are the standard type, although you can choose another type of device).

Types of radiators

Unlike the Soviet era, when batteries had the same standard view"accordions" are meeting today different types radiators, and bimetallic ones are no exception in this regard.

Monolithic models are a solid section consisting of steel pipes that cannot be disassembled. Such a design cannot be changed in size, increased or reduced in the number of sections. If the power required for the room is calculated correctly, then a better and more reliable “friend” for a system with strong pressure drops cannot be found. Cast bimetallic radiators can withstand pressure of up to 100 atmospheres and are the most expensive on the market.

Collapsible or, as they are also called, sectional models, allow you to independently determine what size sections of a bimetallic heating radiator are needed for each specific room.

In order for the apartment to be truly warm, you should determine in advance how much power the radiator should have, taking into account all heat losses. Its capacity depends on the size of the device, and the smaller it is, the more economical it works.

Standard battery dimensions

The dimensions of bimetallic radiators are exactly the same as other types of heaters. They are determined by the center distance between the lower and upper horizontal collectors. These parameters should not be considered the size of the entire structure. To calculate the height of a bimetallic radiator, add 80 to the center-to-center indicator indicated on the product. There are three center-to-center distances - 200, 350 and 500 mm, but these are not the only parameters of these devices.

• the length of the standard section is 80 mm;
• depth – from 75 to 100 mm;
• height – 550-580 mm.

To calculate what height, for example, standard bimetallic radiators are 500 mm, you need to add 80 to this indicator, and the resulting 580 mm is its true size, which should be taken into account when determining the place where it will stand.

In addition to standard models, there are so-called design options bimetallic radiators.

Tall structures

When the interior of an apartment or office requires a special approach to arrangement, then the heaters must fit harmoniously into it. So, if indoors panoramic windows, then you can install bimetallic radiators whose height dimensions are 880 mm or more, with a section length of 80 mm and a depth of 95 mm.

As a rule, these are cast reliable devices that can be mounted on walls. They can not only heat the room, but also decorate it, as they are available in a fairly rich color scheme. As a last resort, you can order the manufacturer a model of the required shade or with a specific pattern.

Low batteries

One more design solution are low bimetallic heating radiators. They can be installed under large windows, where standard models do not fit in height. Bimetallic radiators have a minimum interaxal distance of 200 mm, while their characteristic feature are the same strength, reliability, ability to withstand high blood pressure and the level of heat transfer is the same as that of standard models.

This is because the design of these heaters does not change depending on the size. True, there are manufacturers who “lie” when they say that the price of their products is lower due to their size. Moreover, in fact, bimetallic radiators (300 mm, 400 mm or 200 mm does not matter) have a different structure. They do not have a horizontal steel core, and only the vertical collectors are made of this metal. You can identify a fake by the data sheet, which indicates a pressure level of 20-40 atmospheres, not usual for “real” bimetallic heaters, but only 12-15, which is unusual for these devices.

It’s not worth buying a similar product for an apartment with a centralized type of heating, but in autonomous system they will be in place.

The ratio of power and size of radiators

As long-term practice of using heating devices has shown, the width of the sections of a bimetallic radiator (like any other), its length and height are reflected in the power, and this is understandable: the larger the radiator area, the higher its heat transfer.

If you compare the heat transfer, mass, capacity, size and pressure level of a bimetallic structure with an aluminum analogue, you will see the difference between them.

As can be seen from the above parameters, power varies depending on the size of the radiator, as does its pressure level, weight, and volume.

When choosing what type of radiators to install, you need to start from the real needs of the room in the amount of heat, and not from the style and quality of interior design. Fortunately, modern manufacturers They produce models of any level - low bimetallic heating radiators are in stores next to their high counterparts.

Knowing how much power a device should have, just look at the table that either sellers or manufacturers provide for each product and find the corresponding size indicator. When installing a sectional model, it can always be expanded to increase power, but if the radiator does not fit under the window, then you should choose designer heater options.

Useful video

netholodu.com

Typical sizes of aluminum and bimetallic radiators

• Conclusion

It is well known that the heat output of heating devices must correspond to the amount of heat consumption required to heat the room. But another concept is closely related to heat transfer - the size of heating radiators. The larger the surface area of ​​the heater, the higher its thermal output. You also need to install it correctly, so that the interior of the room is not damaged. You should decide in advance where and what size you can install the batteries, and only then select them according to power. We will discuss this issue in this article.

What is the radiator center distance

It happens that an aluminum or bimetallic heating radiator selected for heat transfer does not fit under the window in height and length. But heating devices must not only be pushed into the existing opening, but also maintain the recommended distances to the wall, window sill and floor.

Otherwise, there will be little room left for convection movement air flow and heating efficiency will decrease. The values ​​of these distances are indicated on the product installation diagram:

In order to determine in advance the height of the heating device and its length, you need to know the required heat transfer and the dimensions of the window sill niche (if there is one). In addition, you need to understand that all aluminum and bimetallic heating radiators have one unified size - the center distance. This is the gap between two axes running along the horizontal collectors of the battery. How this concept differs from other dimensions of the heating device is clearly shown in the figure:

For reference. This pattern is valid for all types of metal radiators.

The standard center-to-center distance of heating devices, maintained by all manufacturers without exception, is 350 and 500 mm. Other models can be produced with axle spacing of 200, 600, 700, 800 and 900 mm. Other dimensions may be different, but in the vast majority of their sizes lie within the following limits:

• section length (visually – width) from 80 to 88 mm;
• depth – from 52 to 100 mm;
• The total (installation) height of the product with an interaxal distance of 500 mm is from 570 to 590 mm.

Note. The installation height values ​​for products with other intervals can be seen on the website of the corresponding manufacturer; there is no point in listing them here.

How to choose the size of a heating radiator

The selection of battery size is as follows. After making sure that the products from the manufacturer that suits you are suitable in height and depth, you need to find out the number of sections for each room. To do this, we calculate the required thermal power heating devices using the algorithm:

• in a room with one outer wall and 1 window receives 100 W of heat per 1 m2 of its area;
• if there are two walls facing outside, then you need to take 120 W per 1 m2 of room;
• when there are 2 walls and 2 windows, then 130 W/m2.

Note. The algorithm will give the correct result for rooms up to 2.5-2.7 m high. If the ceilings are higher, it is recommended to take 40 W of heat per 1 m3 of room volume.

Multiplying these figures by the area of ​​the rooms, we obtain the required thermal power, from which we determine the size of the battery, taking the heat transfer of 1 section as a basis. Below, as an example, are tables showing all sizes, center distances and heat transfer of aluminum and bimetallic GLOBAL radiators:

As a rule, the thermal power values ​​of sections are indicated taking into account that the difference between average temperature coolant and room air is 70 ˚С (in the passport they write: at DT=70). This means that at +22 ˚С in the room the supply water temperature should be about 100 ˚С, while in a private house it is rarely 70 ˚С.

And at this temperature, the battery section will give off 30% less heat, which should be taken into account.

Advice. To avoid mistakes, you need to subtract 30%, or better yet, 50% from the power indicated in the product data sheet.

Having determined the real power of 1 section, it becomes clear how to find their number: divide the previously found heat consumption by this value. But after this, you may encounter a situation where the heater assembly does not fit into the window sill niche or, conversely, looks too unpresentable in it, as shown in the photo:

How to choose the battery size in such cases? If it does not fit under the window, then the solution is simple: you need to divide the number of sections into 2 parts, instead of one device you will get two. The length of the first will be 75% of the window opening, and the second will be all that remains. This part can be placed near the side wall, connecting pipelines to it. In the opposite situation (as in the photo), you need to take sections with a smaller center distance and height. Their heat transfer is less, which means that the total length of the heater after recalculation will increase, and as a result it will look great.

Conclusion

It turns out that when choosing an aluminum or bimetallic heating radiator, you need to find a certain balance between the required thermal power and its size. Then the heating will be sufficient, the conditions for installing the battery will be met, and the interior will not be disturbed.

When designing a heating system in a city apartment or private house, three main parameters are important to the owner: the size of the heating radiators, the heat transfer of one section and the maximum operating pressure for which they are designed. We study the spread of these parameters among products on the modern market.

The photo shows only three standard sizes of heating devices. However, in stores you can see a much wider selection.

Standard height

Let's start with the most common batteries with a center distance of 500 millimeters along the connections. These are exactly what each of us probably saw in the apartment where he spent his childhood.

Cast iron

The most typical representative is the cast iron radiator MS-140-500-0.9. Let's take a look at its specifications.

• Section length - 93 millimeters, depth - 140, height - 588. It is not difficult to calculate the dimensions of a multi-section radiator; with a length of 7-10 sections, it is worth adding about a centimeter to the thickness of the paronite gaskets.

Attention: when installing the radiator in a niche, do not forget about the length of the flush valve. Any cast iron heating radiators with side connections need to be flushed.

• Heat flow, which is provided by one section at a temperature delta between the coolant and the surrounding air of 70C - 160 watts.
• The maximum operating pressure in megapascals is indicated in the product name - 0.9 MPa, which corresponds to 9 atmospheres.

Aluminum

Here, with the same interaxial distance of the connections, we observe a significant spread of parameters, so we will indicate the most typical ones.

• Typical dimensions of aluminum heating radiators: length 80 millimeters, depth 80-100 mm, height 575-585 millimeters.
• The heat transfer of a section depends on the fin area and the depth of the section. Usually it lies in the range of 180 - 200 watts per section.
• For most models, the operating pressure is 16 atmospheres. In this case, radiators are tested with a value one and a half times higher - 24 kgf/cm2.

It’s curious: the volume of coolant in one section of an aluminum radiator is 3-5 times less compared to a cast iron one. This is achieved due to the greater thermal conductivity of aluminum and the larger fin area. The obvious result is a high speed of water movement and an almost complete absence of siltation.

Bimetallic

The steel core has little effect on the appearance and size of the heating radiator, but the maximum operating pressure increases sharply.

Alas, as strength increases, so does the price: a bimetallic section will cost the buyer 400-700 rubles.

• Typical section dimensions: length - 80-82 mm, depth - 75 - 100, height - 550 - 580.
• Heat transfer is slightly reduced due to the lower thermal conductivity of steel. In general, bimetallic sections are inferior to aluminum ones by only 10-20 watts per section, which are compensated by the larger fin area. Average heat flux values ​​are 160-200 watts.
• But thanks to the steel inside, the working pressure is much higher: for most members of the family it reaches 25-35 atmospheres when tested at 30-50. The Monolith radiator from the Russian company Rifar is capable of constantly operating at 100 kgf/cm2, but is tested at 150.

Important: when installing a heating system with your own hands, the main instructions are to use pipes that are as strong as the radiator. Otherwise, the use of especially durable heating devices is meaningless: having removed one weak link from the circuit, we replace it with another. Bimetallic radiators are supplied only with steel connections.

Low

Radiators with small center distances have two nice features:

1. They can be placed under a low window sill.
2. They have the maximum heat transfer per unit surface area. The higher the radiator, the warmer the air is in contact with its upper part and the less heat flow from the surface of this part of the fin.

What options can we find here?

Cast iron

Let's turn again to MS radiators made in Belarus.

• The MS-140M-300-0.9 radiator has a section length of the same 93 millimeters with a height of 388 mm and a depth of 140.
• The heat flow, of course, decreased with the change in dimensions and is now equal to 106 watts per section.
• The working pressure has not changed: the same 9 kgf/cm2.

However: among imported products you can find cast iron radiators with center distances along the connections of both 200 and 350 millimeters.

Aluminum

The spread of center distances between domestic and imported low radiators is more than large. Sizes available are 150, 200, 250, 300, 350 and 400 millimeters.

What does this mean in terms of the characteristics we are interested in?

• The section length starts from 40 millimeters, which makes the battery unusually compact. Height - from 200, while depth in many models compensates for the lack of the other two sizes and reaches 180 mm.
• Thermal power varies from a ridiculous 50 to a quite respectable 160 watts per section. The defining moment is the area of ​​the section fins.
• The change in dimensions had little effect on the working pressure: most of the radiators are designed for the same 16 atmospheres with tests at 24.

Bimetallic

How will the size of heating radiators change if a steel core is placed inside the aluminum fins? But nothing. We can see absolutely all standard sizes characteristic of aluminum structures among bimetallic heating devices.

Thermal power also remains within the same limits: you can find low radiators with heat output of both 80 and 140 watts per section.

The working pressure, of course, remains high: after all, the material is different. The same 25-35 atmospheres are typical.

There are two interesting nuances:

1. Among bimetallic ones, you can find radiators not with solid steel cores, but with steel tubes inserted between aluminum collectors. In this case, the manufacturer, as a rule, is careful with the declared parameters, and for a bimetallic radiator you can see the declared 16 and even 12 atmospheres.
2. Low radiators made of aluminum and bimetal often do not have vertical channels and, when connected to the side, are heated by the collectors only due to the thermal conductivity of aluminum. Circulation is ensured by the last section: it is made flow-through.

High

Radiators of great height are installed in cases where the need for thermal power is high, but the layout of the room does not allow to occupy a large length of the wall. Accordingly, with a large height, these products have a limited width.

Cast iron

If domestic cast iron radiators mostly remain purely utilitarian products and are made of standard dimensions, then among imported products there are very stylish products of unusual height for cast iron.

As an example, take a look at the Demrad Retro line:

• With a standard width of 76 millimeters, the section height varies from 661 to 954 mm. The depth in all cases is 203 mm.
• The working pressure is 10 atmospheres, but radiators are tested at 13.
• The thermal power of the largest sections reaches 270 watts.
• The size of the heating radiator can reach 2400 millimeters in height.
• Working pressure is often limited to 6 atmospheres, but it is easy to find more durable products.
• Thanks to the high altitude, solid heat transfer is achieved: at a temperature delta of 70C it can reach 433 watts (Oscar 2000 from Global) and even more.

Aluminum

Often the supply for high radiators is connected from below. The goal is to hide the pipes.

Bimetallic

A significant part of tall bimetallic radiators are designer designs, for which there is no need to talk about standard sizes or any kind of unification. In addition, often these are not sectional, but monolithic products.

As an example, however, we will take a serial representative of the family - the Sira RS-800 BIMETALL radiator.

• Section dimensions: height 880 mm, length 80 and depth 95 mm.
• Heat dissipation - 280 watts per section.
• The operating pressure is SUDDENLY 4 kgf/cm2 when tested at 6. The radiator is clearly not intended for central heating and is equipped with cores only in vertical channels.

Conclusion

Let's hope that you will be able to choose exactly the products that suit you in all respects. In the video at the end of the article you will find additional information on the topics that interest you. Warm winters!

Aluminum— lightweight material, which is widely used.

Among other things, heating batteries are made from it.

It is very important in their creation calculation of characteristics.

Influence of aluminum radiator size

Aluminum batteries are made in a wide range of sizes. Length has a primary influence on power.

Accordingly, to achieve the required heating you need increase the number of sections. The total length of the battery depends on the calculations.

Depth and height also change the indicators because they affect volume. Unlike the length, these two meanings- variable, due to which there are many various models.

The next indicator is center distance. It is responsible for the heating rate of the radiators, since it means the gap between the supply and return pipes.

The performance is also affected by the manufacturing method:

1. Metal casting increases the strength and durability of the device. In this case, each section is a single unit from which the device is assembled. This is done in a certain sequence: first the upper parts are welded, then the lower ones.
2. Extrusion method involves pressing heated aluminum through a metal grid plate. Thanks to this, a profile of a given shape is obtained, which is divided into parts and assembled into a radiator.

   Attention! Such heating devices are rarely found and are usually made to order. This is due to inability to make changes into the design after production is completed.

Center distance

The indicator represents the gap between the axes of the radiator. They are located symmetrically, one on top, one on bottom. They are adjacent to pipes through which connection to the heating circuit.

Photo 1. Aluminum radiator model 350/80, center distance 350 mm, manufacturer - Oasis, China.

Depending on the manufacturer, the value varies in the range of 150-2000 mm. For most devices this indicator is done equal to 500. This is due to heating systems V apartment buildings: in old buildings, calculations were made for cast iron radiators. When replacing batteries, the cost of digesting the pipeline is undesirable.

Reference! The names of most models include number, indicating the center distance.

Depth

Depends on the material from which the battery is made. The minimum value is 52 mm. It is enough to create high power in small sections. Maximum indicator - 180 mm. It is quite rare and requires strength. There are models with greater depth, but their use is impractical due to insufficient heating.

Determining the volume of a section

To calculate, you need to know the value described above, as well as the length and height. First meaning, visually - width.

It amounts to 80 or 88 mm, what is indicated in the passport.

Second- variable. Typically, the vertical component of the section dimensions is 570 mm.

To find the volume, it is enough multiply the three indicators.

Section calculation method

To determine the required number of elements, you need to determine the power. There are several rounded values ​​calculated for the room with ceiling height 2.7 meters:

1. For a standard room you need 100 Watt.
2. For each window they add 10 each.
3. If it is angular, the value multiplied by 1.2.
4. If the ceilings are higher or the windows are larger than usual, add 10%.
5. Heating weakens from the upper floors to the lower ones, so each add another 2%.

Received standard power multiplied by the area of ​​the room. In the end it turns out general meaning, calculated with a margin.

Then the number is divided by passport indicator of one section, rounding up. Approximate calculation looks like this:

1. (100 + 10) * 1,2 * 1,04 = 137,28 , where the extreme multiplier is chosen for the apartment third from top floor.
2. 137.28 * S = 151 * 18 = 2471, where S (18)- square.
3. 2471 / 190 = 13. In this case, with power one 190 Watt section will need 13 pieces.

Radiator weight

Aluminum - light metal. Products made from this material are lightweight, which makes them easier to move and reduces the amount required for installation. strength. It should be noted that in the manufacture of batteries, metal is fused with silicon. This slightly increases the severity.

The average weight of one section is 1.25 kg. The value varies between from 1 to 1.35, which depends on the dimensions and wall thickness. For example, for mounting a radiator of 10 units with a small margin there are enough fastenings by 15 kg.

Important! Of all types of radiators, aluminum the lightest. This makes them easy to transport.

Height and width of a non-standard radiator

There are batteries unusual looking. You can create a device from metals up to three meters high, up to two meters wide.