Try to talk about the world from an astronomer's point of view. Use the words for this: celestial bodies, stars, planets, Sun, Earth, Moon. Listen to the other guys. As a class, write the most complete story possible.

Answer. A story about the universe

We live in the world around us. From the point of view of astronomers, the world is the Universe, or in other words, Space. In the old days, astronomers were called stargazers. People have been observing the stars throughout the history of their existence and have accumulated a lot of useful knowledge that they apply in their lives.

Our Universe has no beginning and no end. It is limitless. No one can say when the Universe appeared and when it will disappear. The Universe is filled with many different celestial bodies. These include stars, planets, comets, meteors, meteorites. They are all in constant motion. Move with at different speeds and direction.

The Earth is also a celestial body. But it seems like a small grain of sand in the vast space of the Universe. Earth is a planet. It revolves around the Sun. The sun is an ordinary star. All celestial bodies that revolve around the Sun make up the Solar System.

The Earth has a satellite, the Moon, which in turn revolves around the Earth. All life in the Universe obeys the strict laws of nature.

Universe and solar system

P.7 Let's discuss!

They often say: “The Earth is our cosmic home, our spacecraft“Why can you say this about the Earth?

Answer. The earth is part of the universe or space. The earth is a home for all people, living and inanimate nature that surrounds a person. Our ship is inhabited by plants and animals. Responsibilities are distributed between them, just like on a ship. Some produce oxygen, some prepare food, and some remove waste. On Earth, a person finds everything he needs for his life - warmth, food, construction cozy homes. The Earth protects us from meteorites, space storms and other dangers. We are in a certain space, beyond the boundaries of which we can only go by spacecraft.

At the same time, we do not stand still. We move around the Sun at a precisely specified speed. When moving, we pay attention to other celestial bodies to avoid colliding with them. Our ship is exactly suited to its purpose and its inhabitants.

S.7 Test yourself

1. What does astronomy study?

Answer. Astronomy (Law of the stars - from the Greek words: “Astron” - star, “Nomos” - law) is the science of the Universe, studies celestial (cosmic) bodies, their origin, development and movement.

2. What is the Universe?

Answer. The Universe (space) is an immense space in which planets, stars and other celestial bodies are located. Celestial bodies: planets, stars, comets, asteroids, meteors, meteorites. In the Universe, all bodies are in constant motion and move at enormous speed. Our planet Earth is also part of the Universe. Next to us are the Sun - an ordinary star, the Moon - a satellite of the Earth, planets that also revolve around the Sun.

3. What is the Solar System?

Answer. The solar system is the Sun and the celestial bodies moving around it, such as planets, comets, asteroids, and cosmic dust. The sun is a source of light, heat, energy.

4. How can you depict the solar system using a model?

Answer. To depict the Solar system using a model, you can draw a circle in the center of the model, which will represent the Sun and 8 circles around the circle (the orbits of the planets) so that each subsequent one is larger than the previous one. On each circle, draw the planets, according to their distance from the Sun - Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune. It is necessary to adhere to the sizes of the Sun and planets. The sun is a huge hot star. The smallest planet is Mercury, the sizes of Venus and Earth are approximately equal, Mars is almost 2 times smaller than Earth. Neptune is slightly smaller than Uranus. Jupiter is the most big planet. Saturn is larger than Uranus, but smaller than Jupiter.

5. Briefly tell us about the Sun?

Answer. The Sun is the closest star to Earth. This is a huge and hot celestial body, emitting heat and light. The diameter of the sun is 109 times larger diameter of our planet. The mass of the Sun is 109 times greater than the mass of the Earth. From Earth, the Sun appears small because it is located at a huge distance of about 150 million kilometers. On the surface of the Sun there is very high temperature(approximately 6000 degrees), the temperature inside the Sun is supposedly 15-20 million degrees.

6. How to watch the sun without damaging your eyesight?

Answer. The Sun can be observed only through protective dark glasses and only for 1-2 minutes. Observing the sun with the naked eye, through binoculars, a telescope, or a telescope is strictly prohibited, because this is dangerous for vision. The sun shines very brightly and our eyes are not designed to observe it without protective devices.

P.8 Find new scientific information about the Sun or information about interesting celestial bodies in additional literature and the Internet solar system– comets, asteroids. Prepare a message.

Answer. Message.

The sun is the center of our solar system; a lot of what happens on Earth depends on it. Therefore, it is interesting to find out what the Sun is like, what is happening there.

The Sun is an ordinary star, its age is about 5 billion years, its surface temperature is 5500°C, its distance from the Earth is 149.6 million km. At the center of the Sun the temperature reaches 14 million degrees.

The sun gives the Earth warmth and light, supports life on our planet.

The Sun is a fiery ball of gas, the diameter of which is 109 times the diameter of the Earth. More than a million Earth-sized celestial bodies could fit inside such a ball.

There are spots on the surface of the Sun, bright flashes and explosions of colossal force occur. Solar flares and explosions release a huge mass of electrically charged particles into space, which affects the Earth's atmosphere. When streams of electrically charged particles reach the Earth, they create amazing “curtains” of flickering light in our skies, which are visible in the polar regions and are called auroras. Powerful explosions that occur on the Sun are also fraught with danger. Streams of electrically charged particles flying from the Sun disable power plants, destroying their equipment. Solar flares are also dangerous for astronauts: you should not go out into open space when they happen. Particles ejected by the flash and carrying more energy, can cause harm to the human body. On Earth, you should also not stay under the scorching rays of the Sun for a long time. You can get severe skin burns and skin diseases, as well as cause disruption of the heart and nervous system.

The existence of the Earth and life on it directly depend on the Sun. The question arises: how long will our star last? Scientists have concluded that the Sun will not exist forever, although it has an incredibly long life ahead of it. The Sun is now in middle age. Scientists suggest that over the next 5 billion years the Sun will slowly warm up and increase slightly in size. When all the hydrogen in the Sun's central core is used up, the Sun will become three times larger than it is now. All the oceans on Earth will boil away. The dying Sun will engulf the Earth. Ultimately, the Sun will cool down, turning into a ball, the so-called white dwarf.

But all this will happen in billions of years, many thousands of generations will change on Earth. Rapidly developing science and technology will allow humanity to discover new worlds and planets in the Universe and master them in advance for habitation and further development of humanity.

And today we should take care of our planet and follow the advice and requirements of environmentalists. After all, the preservation of life on Earth depends on each of us.

Other celestial bodies.

Rushing at enormous speeds and traveling through the vast orbits of the universe, comets, as these celestial bodies are called, consist of a bright, luminous head and an incredibly long (up to 100 million km) trail of tail. These solitary wanderers can move away for a long time beyond the solar system and return to rush closer to our planet, moving over the gigantic distances of their orbit.

Asteroids

Like planets, only of very small size, asteroids revolve around the Sun, they have a rocky surface structure and in some characteristics are similar to small planets, which is why they are sometimes called “small planets”. The largest concentration of asteroids is located between Mars and Jupiter; this zone is called the “asteroid belt”. Asteroids have the most different sizes: small from several tens of centimeters in diameter, like a kitchen saucepan, and large with a diameter of up to 250 km or more. Thus, the largest known asteroid, Ceres, has a diameter of 1000 km. Meteorites

Shooting stars are the name given to meteor showers that occur every year at the beginning of August and at other intervals throughout the year. Sometimes “shooting star” meteorites can be seen with the naked eye; they flash like a spark striking the blue of the night sky for a fraction of a second. These are small particles cosmic dust, which fall to Earth and, evaporating in dense layers of the atmosphere, leave a short-lived bright mark on the starry sky.

In this article we will look at the world through the eyes of an astronomer. Let's find out what the universe is and what place our planet Earth occupies in it. We will look at what other celestial bodies there are in Space, and how they can affect us. IN this material you will find answers to questions about the world around you for grade 4.

What is Astronomy?

The sky has interested people at all times. The first scientists who developed knowledge about the stars were called astrologers. Later they began to be called astronomers, and the science of celestial bodies - astronomy.

Scientists study how the universe works using telescopes. The first device similar to the modern one was invented by Isaac Newton, using mirrors instead of lenses. The world's largest telescope in Russia is located in the Caucasus. The diameter of its mirrors reaches 6 meters.

Rice. 1. The BTA telescope is the largest not only in Russia, but also in Eurasia

Universe - what is it?

All that our imagination can imagine is the universe. This is a huge space that has no end and edge outside our Earth. The Universe has no boundaries. It consists of many galaxies, planets, stars, black holes. It is impossible to measure and difficult to demonstrate, but this is the world in which we live.

Rice. 2. Milky Way Galaxy

The universe consists of galaxies. A galaxy is a collection of star systems, like our solar system. There are other planets around the stars, but humanity does not yet know whether there is intelligent life there, like ours. We are in a galaxy called the Milky Way.

In clear weather, you can see a narrow light path in the sky, consisting of many small stars. This is the outline of our galaxy, although in the universe it looks like a spiral.

Types of stars

Scientists identify the following types of stars:

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• white dwarfs;
• yellow dwarfs;
• blue giants;
• giants;
• super giants.

Our Sun is a yellow dwarf and is only 5 billion years old. According to rough estimates, it will live the same amount of time before it turns into a red star and engulfs the Earth.

Planets of the Solar System

The Sun, along with its surrounding planets, is believed to have formed from a large, cold cloud of gas and dust. Eight planets revolve around it, each of which has its own orbit and speed of movement.

Rice. 3 Solar system

The four planets that are closest to the star are called the inner ones. These are Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. These are the only bodies in our system that have a solid surface.

The other four planets are called the outer planets. These include the giants: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. They have low density due to the accumulation of gases.

The smallest planet in the solar system is Mercury. It is closest to the star. The largest is Jupiter. The planet with the most satellites is Saturn. There are 18 of them. Saturn is surrounded by rings made of fragments of ice and rocks.

What have we learned?

The world around us through the eyes of astronomers, this is the universe that is around us. We are part of the vast cosmos, in which billions of mysteries remain unsolved. All that scientists manage to study is the galaxy Milky Way and the solar system that is part of it.

Evaluation of the report

Average rating: 5. Total ratings received: 8.

It is known that even cavemen observed the starry sky, because drawings of the Sun, Moon, and starry sky were found on the walls of the caves (Fig. 2).

Rice. 2. Rock painting “Two Suns” ()

Of course, observations with the naked eye were not enough to answer many of the questions that people had. Therefore it was created special device for observations of cosmic bodies - telescope(Fig. 3).

Rice. 3. Telescope ()

Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei(Fig. 4) made the first telescope.

Rice. 4. Galileo Galilei ()

It was a very imperfect instrument, nevertheless, with its help, Galileo Galilei made many discoveries: he saw craters on the Moon (Fig. 6), spots on the Sun (Fig. 7), observed the phases of Venus (Fig. 8) and discovered that around Jupiter is orbited by four satellites (Fig. 9).

Rice. 6. Craters on the Moon ()

Rice. 7. Sunspots ()

Rice. 8. Phases of Venus ()

Rice. 9. Moons of Jupiter ()

Naturally, since that time science has stepped far forward, and the appearance, and the accuracy of telescopes (Fig. 10).

Rice. 10. Computerized telescope ()

The most powerful telescopes are installed in observatories(from Latin observo - I observe) - scientific institutions where observations and studies of weather, atmosphere, and astronomical bodies are carried out (Fig. 11).

Rice. 11. Apache Point Observatory ()

The first observatory, according to scientists, was located in Britain back in the Stone Age. This place is called Stonehenge, the position of the stones in which is related to astronomical phenomena(Fig. 12).

Rice. 12. Stonehenge ()

For an astronomer, the world is Universe or space. According to scientists, 15 billion years ago there was a powerful explosion, after which the Universe was formed.

In space huge amount celestial bodies: comets, meteorites, stars, planets, satellites. There are many galaxies in the Universe (Fig. 13).

Rice. 13. Milky Way Galaxy ()

One of them is Milky Way galaxy, consisting of 200 billion stars, of which the Sun is not the largest (Fig. 14).

The sun and 8 planets moving around it form solar system(Fig. 15).

Rice. 15. Solar system ()

The first planet from the Sun is Mercury y, second - Venus, third - Earth, fourth - Mars, fifth - Jupiter, sixth - Saturn,seventh - Uranus, eighth - Neptune. For a long time it was believed that Pluto- the ninth planet of the solar system. However modern research gave grounds to assign Pluto the status of a dwarf planet.

Even in ancient times, people understood that our life is possible only thanks to the Sun, and they revered him as a deity. The Sun deity had many names: Ancient Greece The sun was called Helios, in Egypt - Ra, the ancient Scandinavians - Sol, and our Slavic ancestors - Yarilo.

Sun- the closest star to Earth. This is a huge hot cosmic body (Fig. 16). The sun has the shape of a ball. The diameter of the Sun is 109 times the diameter of the Earth. The mass of the Sun is 330 thousand times greater than the mass of our planet. The distance from the Earth to the Sun is 150 million kilometers. The temperature on the surface of the Sun is 6 thousand degrees, and in its center - 15-20 million degrees.

References

1. Vakhrushev A.A., Danilov D.D. The world around us 3. - M.: Ballas.
2. Dmitrieva N.Ya., Kazakov A.N. The world around us 3. - M.: Publishing House "Fedorov".
3. Pleshakov A.A. The world around us 3. - M.: Enlightenment.

1. Nsportal.ru ().
2. Astrolab.ru ().
3. Authorstream.com().

Homework

1. Answer “yes” or “no” to the following statements:
2. Earth is one of the planets in the solar system.
3. The Sun is the closest star to us, a hot ball of gas.
4. The mass of the Earth is 330 thousand times the mass of the Sun.
5. Specialists who study astronomy are called astronauts.
6. The Earth moves around the Sun.
7. Watch celestial bodies you can by looking through a telescope.
8. Make a short test (6 questions with three answer options) on the topic “The Universe”.
9. * Using the knowledge gained in class, create a crossword puzzle on the topic “The World through the Eyes of an Astronomer.”

Lesson objectives:

• introduce students to the science that studies the Universe - astronomy;
• form an idea of ​​the Sun and the planets of the solar system;
• develop cognitive interest and the ability to observe, analyze, draw conclusions;
• cultivate interest in the world around us.

Lesson progress

I. Organizational moment

The lesson begins
It will be useful for the guys,
Try to understand everything
Learn to reveal secrets,
Give complete answers,
To get paid for work
Only a “five” rating!

II. Communicate the topic and objectives of the lesson.

III. Work on the topic of the lesson.

1. Introductory speech by the teacher.

Today I invite you to look at the world through the eyes of astronomers. But first, we must find out who astronomers are and what astronomy is. I am ready to listen to your suggestions...

So, the word astronomy comes from two Greek words:

ASTRONOMY: “astron” - star and “nomos” - law.

But here is the interpretation of this word in “ Explanatory dictionary Russian language" S.I. Ozhegova:

ASTRONOMY is the science of cosmic bodies, the systems they form and the Universe as a whole.

Who are astronomers?

ASTRONOMERS are people who study the stars.

2. Introducing students to history.

We are with you found out what astronomy is and who are called astronomers.

Astronomy is the most ancient of sciences. The first astronomers were called stargazers. People have been observing the stars throughout history. Records of astronomical observations indicate that this is approximately 5,000 years ago. The Babylonians were skilled observers, as were the Egyptians, who built pyramids according to the location of the stars in certain constellations. Around 2800 BC In Britain, construction began on the Stonehenge complex, which may have served as an observatory.

Later, instruments come to the aid of astronomers. This is what telescopes of the past and present look like.

3. Universe or Space

From an astronomer's point of view world – this is the Universe – this is the entire infinite world surrounding us.

These are other planets and stars, our planet Earth, its plants and animals, you and I - this is the entire Universe.

Scientists believe that our Universe arose as a result of the so-called big bang, which occurred about 15 billion years ago. At the same time, a dense hot ball was formed, which began to rapidly expand, turning into the Universe. Many astronomers believe that the expansion continues today.

The next page of our lesson will help us get acquainted with the star to which we have long been accustomed.

Blue scarf,
Scarlet Tangle
Rolling on a scarf
Smiles at people.
/Sun and sky/

What can you say about the Sun?..

Our life is possible only thanks to the Sun. People understood this in ancient times and revered the Sun as a deity. They called it differently: in Ancient Greece - Helios, in Egypt - Ra, and our Slavic ancestors - Yarilo. Hymns were composed in honor of the Sun.

How did the birth of the solar system occur?

The solar system formed from a huge cloud of gas and dust about 5 billion years ago. Some parts of the cloud turned out to be denser. Gas and dust particles in these areas began to move closer together under the influence of mutual attraction forces. Over time they formed a ball. The ball became denser, decreased in volume and warmed up. Gradually it began to glow, turning into the embryo of the Sun, which took about 100 thousand years. The “embryo” rotated faster and faster, scattering some of the matter in space. At the same time, it continued to shrink and warm up. Finally, the “embryo” warmed up for a nuclear reaction to occur; A huge amount of energy began to be released, and a new star began to shine. The ring of previously discharged substance began to gather into clots. These clumps gradually became larger and larger, located at different distances from the Sun. Large clumps became the planets we see today. The smaller ones turned into satellites of the planets, and the very small ones became asteroids.

The textbook article on page 6 will help us continue the conversation about the Sun from a scientific point of view. You will have to work in pairs.

In order to consolidate knowledge about the Sun, we will enter the missing data into the text.

Texts are distributed to desks:

The Sun is closest to Earth …… It's huge …… cosmic body. The sun has a shape …… Diameter of the Sun in …… times the diameter of the Earth. Mass of the Sun in …… times the mass of our planet. Distance from Earth to Sun - …… kilometers. Temperature on the surface of the Sun - …… degrees, and at its center - …… degrees.

Checking texts. Sentences are read one by one.

5. Planets of the Solar System.

The sun forms the center of our system. 9 planets revolve around it. The 4 small planets located closest to the Sun - Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars - are called internal. They have a hard surface. The remaining 5 planets are called outer planets. These are 4 gas giants - Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, as well as a small solid planet of rock and ice - Pluto.

Consider the planets of the solar system.

Mercury is the planet closest to the Sun. The planet got its name in honor of the Roman god of trade. This is the fastest planet. It revolves around the Sun in 88 days. Since Mercury is close to the Sun, it heats up greatly, up to +480°C. The atmosphere is so rarefied that it is practically non-existent. The smallest planet. The diameter is only 4878 km.

Venus - the second planet from the Sun, Venus is named after the goddess of beauty, bright star, it is also called the “evening”\“morning”\ star. It can shine with a silvery light, very similar to Earth, almost the same size. Venus is surrounded by a thick layer of clouds, but its atmosphere is composed of carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid. The heat here is unbearable: up to +480°C.

Earth - from space our planet appears blue. This color is given by the surrounding atmosphere and oceans, which cover more than two-thirds of the earth's surface. Water and oxygen support life on Earth, where there are at least one and a half million species of plants and animals. As a result of the movement of rocks under earth's crust The ocean floors are moving apart and continents are moving across the planet. The Earth was formed approximately 4.6 billion years ago and has a natural satellite.

Who has already guessed what it is called?

The Moon is the closest neighbor in outer space. It can be examined in detail through a telescope. This small cosmic body \ 4 times smaller in diameter than the Earth \ has no atmosphere, does not change weather conditions and there is no life. Man has already been to the moon.

Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun, named after the Roman god of war for its red color, reminiscent of the color of blood. Mars is smaller than Earth, but it has two satellites - Phobos and Deimos in honor of the sons of the god of war, which means Fear and Horror. The temperature drops to -110°C.

Jupiter is the next planet from the Sun. The largest in the solar system. It is named after the most important Roman god, Jupiter. Accommodates more than 1,300 Earth-sized bodies. False hurricanes constantly rage in Jupiter's atmosphere. The temperature on the planet is 150°C.

Saturn is the second largest planet. Named after the Roman god of agriculture. Surrounded by many bright rings consisting of fragments of ice and stones. Temperature - 170°C. The planet has 18 satellites.

Uranium - 4 times more than Earth by diameter. It consists of a small rocky core and frozen gases: hydrogen, helium and methane.

Neptune - bears the name of the Roman god of the seas. The planet flickers bluish light \ this is the color of methane \, reminiscent of the shine of water. Sometimes dark spots appear in Neptune's atmosphere - these are the strongest vortices raging in it. Surface temperature -200°C.

Pluto is so far from the Sun that its surface is dominated by incredible cold to minus 230°C. It is the smallest planet in the solar system. It is named after the Roman god, ruler of the kingdom of the dead.

So we got acquainted with the planets of the solar system.

IV. Consolidation of the studied material.

Test "Planets of the Solar System"

1. The planets of the solar system are studied:

a) geographers;
b) chemists;
c) astronomers;
d) physicists.

2. Planets revolve around the Sun. Their:

a) 7;
b) 9;
c) 11.

3. Pluto is:

a) the largest planet;
b) the smallest planet;
c) a planet equal in size to planet Earth.

4. Does the Earth have natural satellites?

a) yes, one;
b) no;
c) yes, two.

5. Which planet is named after the goddess of beauty?

a) Earth;
b) Venus;
c) Saturn.

6. The star around which the Earth revolves:

a) Moon;
b) Sun;
c) Venus.

7. In what order are the planets located relative to the Sun?

a) Venus, Earth, Mars, Mercury, Neptune, Pluto, Saturn, Uranus, Jupiter;
b) Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Neptune, Pluto, Saturn, Jupiter, Uranus;
c) Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto.

V. Lesson summary.

• What did the lesson make you think about?
• What impressed you the most?
• Will the knowledge of this lesson be useful in life?

VI. D/z: make models of the solar system as desired; take a correspondence trip to one of the planets; for this, refer to additional literature.

It is known that even cavemen observed the starry sky, because drawings of the Sun, Moon, and starry sky were found on the walls of caves (Fig. 2).

Rice. 2. Rock painting “Two Suns” ()

Of course, observations with the naked eye were not enough to answer many of the questions that people had. Therefore, a special device was created for observing cosmic bodies - telescope(Fig. 3).

Rice. 3. Telescope ()

Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei(Fig. 4) made the first telescope.

Rice. 4. Galileo Galilei ()

It was a very imperfect instrument, nevertheless, with its help, Galileo Galilei made many discoveries: he saw craters on the Moon (Fig. 6), spots on the Sun (Fig. 7), observed the phases of Venus (Fig. 8) and discovered that around Jupiter is orbited by four satellites (Fig. 9).

Rice. 6. Craters on the Moon ()

Rice. 7. Sunspots ()

Rice. 8. Phases of Venus ()

Rice. 9. Moons of Jupiter ()

Naturally, since that time, science has stepped far forward, and both the appearance and accuracy of telescopes have changed (Fig. 10).

Rice. 10. Computerized telescope ()

The most powerful telescopes are installed in observatories(from Latin observo - I observe) - scientific institutions where observations and studies of weather, atmosphere, and astronomical bodies are carried out (Fig. 11).

Rice. 11. Apache Point Observatory ()

The first observatory, according to scientists, was located in Britain back in the Stone Age. This place is called Stonehenge, the position of the stones in which is associated with astronomical phenomena (Fig. 12).

Rice. 12. Stonehenge ()

For an astronomer, the world is Universe or space. According to scientists, 15 billion years ago there was a powerful explosion, after which the Universe was formed.

There are a huge number of celestial bodies in space: comets, meteorites, stars, planets, satellites. There are many galaxies in the Universe (Fig. 13).

Rice. 13. Milky Way Galaxy ()

One of them is Milky Way galaxy, consisting of 200 billion stars, of which the Sun is not the largest (Fig. 14).

The sun and 8 planets moving around it form solar system(Fig. 15).

Rice. 15. Solar system ()

The first planet from the Sun is Mercury y, second - Venus, third - Earth, fourth - Mars, fifth - Jupiter, sixth - Saturn,seventh - Uranus, eighth - Neptune. For a long time it was believed that Pluto- the ninth planet of the solar system. However, modern research has given grounds to assign Pluto the status of a dwarf planet.

Even in ancient times, people understood that our life is possible only thanks to the Sun, and they revered him as a deity. The deity of the Sun had many names: in Ancient Greece the Sun was called Helios, in Egypt - Ra, the ancient Scandinavians - Sol, and our Slavic ancestors - Yarilo.

Sun- the closest star to Earth. This is a huge hot cosmic body (Fig. 16). The sun has the shape of a ball. The diameter of the Sun is 109 times the diameter of the Earth. The mass of the Sun is 330 thousand times greater than the mass of our planet. The distance from the Earth to the Sun is 150 million kilometers. The temperature on the surface of the Sun is 6 thousand degrees, and in its center - 15-20 million degrees.

References

1. Vakhrushev A.A., Danilov D.D. The world around us 3. - M.: Ballas.
2. Dmitrieva N.Ya., Kazakov A.N. The world around us 3. - M.: Publishing House "Fedorov".
3. Pleshakov A.A. The world around us 3. - M.: Enlightenment.

1. Nsportal.ru ().
2. Astrolab.ru ().
3. Authorstream.com().

Homework

1. Answer “yes” or “no” to the following statements:
2. Earth is one of the planets in the solar system.
3. The Sun is the closest star to us, a hot ball of gas.
4. The mass of the Earth is 330 thousand times the mass of the Sun.
5. Specialists who study astronomy are called astronauts.
6. The Earth moves around the Sun.
7. You can observe celestial bodies by looking through a telescope.
8. Make a short test (6 questions with three answer options) on the topic “The Universe”.
9. * Using the knowledge gained in class, create a crossword puzzle on the topic “The World through the Eyes of an Astronomer.”