Violet is one of the flowers whose name even speaks of its tenderness and refined simplicity. Even if this flower is simple, do not believe anyone who says that it is easy to grow at home. For a novice gardener, it will not be easy to learn all the tricks of caring for violets in order to ensure a comfortable existence for the flower in a pot on the windowsill of your home.

Brief description of the flower

Violet in wild form is common in regions with temperate climate, V North America, Japan and the Andes, where more than 400 species of this plant are concentrated. According to some information, there are about 700 varieties of violets and hybrids, including cultivated indoor, garden and greenhouse species. The Latin name for violet is Viola, and the common Russian name is Pansy.

1. Roots decorative indoor violets are superficial, their depth in the soil is no more than 20-30 cm, so they can be grown in small pots that will fit even on the narrowest window sill or shelf.
2. Violet potted refers to perennial herbaceous plants, the height of the bush is small, only 15-20 cm.
3. Leaves and stipules the plants grow abundantly in the lower part of the bush, giving the top to peduncles with flowers of the most iridescent shades. The structure of the leaves is compressed, oval in shape, pointed at the tips, their color can be rich green, as they grow, some of them become green-purple or dark purple (depending on the variety).
4. Violet flowers domestic bisexual, that is, self-pollinating. Flower sizes vary (from varietal affiliation) from 2 to 6 cm, in shape they can be simple with smooth petals (5 pieces) and arranged in one tier, or terry - in 3-4 tiers with curly edges.

Violet propagates by rooting a leaf, or even part of it, this is done in water or in an earthen substrate. If the propagation process is carried out correctly, then on the central vein of a leaf or petiole placed in the ground or in water, small roots will soon grow that can develop independently during mature plant. When 3-5 roots grow, the leaf can be planted in a pot in a permanent place.

Secrets of care

Caring for indoor violets is not an easy task; in order for the plants to bloom wildly, it is necessary to create for them favorable conditions, which would meet all the requirements of this capricious flower. Not every novice gardener succeeds in everything the first time; sometimes you have to correct mistakes, start over, and look for the most acceptable answers to your questions about growing violets at home.

Few people have such questions. experienced amateurs flowers, because they never learned this, there was no need, as they say. But for her birthday, the birthday girl was given not an ordinary bouquet of flowers, but a violet in a pot. The question immediately flashes through, and it can even lead to panic: “What should we do with him now? How to care?

No need to panic, take a look at our page, read this article, look very interesting video. Half of the job is done, the other half is to follow our recommendations and the advice of an experienced florist, who in practice, making mistakes like you, has studied all the vagaries of the violet and reveals its secrets to all of us.

Substrates

After some time, the owner of a violet in a pot begins to notice that something is wrong with her flower: the leaves wither and droop, the petals fall off, and the pot becomes too small. We need to help the plant. The plant must be transplanted into a larger container. Let's start with the main thing - with the land for transplantation. Soil mixtures for violets must meet the following requirements:

• You only need to use special earthen substrates for violets; they can be purchased in specialized stores;
• Additionally, buy a bag of vermiculite to create looser soil;
• Mix the substrate and vermiculite in a 1:1 ratio;
• stretch a “cord” of elastic nylon into the drainage hole at the bottom of the container, it can be made from old women’s tights, fasten it to the height of the pot (see how to do this in practice in the video);
• At the bottom of the container, place a drainage layer of expanded clay, small pebbles or brick chips (at 1/6 of the height of the pot);
• free the violet from the old cramped container, place it in a new pot, there is no need to water the ground, the substrate should be dry;
• Fill the container completely with soil, holding the plant upright.

Capacities

Violet can be replanted once every 2-3 years, so you should not immediately use too large pots, otherwise the plant will intensively grow its root system, and you will not get flowers from it. A new container must be selected taking into account an increase in the diameter of the pot by no more than 2-3 cm. A prerequisite for the container must be the presence of at least 4 drainage holes at the bottom.

Before using for transplantation, containers must be sterilized in hot water using disinfectants, dry.

Note!

The material for the pot can be different: plastic, ceramics, plexiglass. The main condition for the material is environmental friendliness.

Secrets of watering

One of the most important points in caring for violets is the organization of watering. You can properly care for violets so that they bloom profusely only by knowing this secret. This plant does not like close contact with water, although it will never refuse the necessary moisture. Many gardeners have made mistakes when starting to grow violets by overwatering the surface of the soil in the pot or even the plant itself.

The plant needs water, but in mountainous areas where wild forms of violets live, wild relatives of indoor plants are accustomed to extracting moisture from rocky soil. This ability has been preserved in the plant at the genetic level, so watering the soil only delays the growing season of the plant and the violet stops forming flower ovaries.

Our meticulous flower growers found a way out here too, of course not right away, but after spending a lot of time and effort on solving this problem, experimenting with in different ways watering a capricious flower. The invention of flower lovers is contained in a small cord, which is attached to the surface of the pot and covered with a substrate, and its lower end is threaded into a drainage hole at the bottom of the container.

The cord serves as a conductor from a container with water to the root system of the violet, so the plant receives required quantity moisture. The water in the additional container is changed 1-2 times a month, at the same time fertilizers are dissolved in it. Thus, two problems are solved at once - watering and feeding a flower in a pot (see photo). The violet regulates itself water balance, therefore it develops well and blooms profusely.

Fighting midges

Often, when growing potted violets, gardeners have problems with the appearance of black midges on the flowers. This phenomenon is caused by the fact that tea leaves are used to fertilize the plant, which deteriorates over time, causing bad smell and the appearance of this notorious midge.

If you use tea leaves, then you need to remove it from the surface of the earth after 2-3 days, until it completely rots and attracts a swarm of midges. But it’s better not to use this improvised fertilizer, but to use proven means for feeding violets.

Midges can fly from one plant to another, maybe the problem is not in the violet, but in the presence harmful insects on other flowers standing nearby on the same windowsill or shelf. Inspect all pots and immediately remove any rotting debris in containers containing other flowers.

Illumination

It should be noted that an important role when caring for violets at home is played by the degree of illumination of the place where they are located. The best option for violets is round-the-clock lighting: natural during the day, and additional at night ( led lamps). In summer, you need to cover the flower from direct sunlight to avoid sunburn.

The usual place for violets is the window sill, but in winter period glass can be very cold, so you should move the pot with the plant to a warmer place or somehow insulate the glass.

Conclusion

Love flowers, because they not only decorate our everyday life, but also create spiritual comfort for us, where there is no place for quarrels, insults and disappointments. Love flowers - live long.

Almost every home has indoor plants. They give comfort. Violets are a common indoor type. Even the laziest residents breed them in their apartments. There are no special requirements for caring for violets at home. They do not dry out if you forget to water them 1 or 2 times. But in order for the flowers to be bright and pleasing to the eye, it is still worth following a few recommendations for caring for them. It doesn't require additional costs time and strength.

The scientific name for violet is Saintpaulia. It refers to perennial plants. Its stems are low and shortened. The leaves come off as a rosette. Based on the shape of the flowers, Saintpaulia is classified into several varieties - simple, terry and fringed. Each of them has its own peculiarity. It is worth special mentioning the ampelous appearance. It differs from others in that the stem branches and creates several bunches of leaves. This looks somewhat unusual. The leaves of the ampelous species are small and sparse compared to other species.

The color of Saintpaulia petals can be monochromatic or multi-colored. Various patterns may appear on the surface. The most common colors are red (scarlet, burgundy), pink and white. There are darker colored Saintpaulias, but they are considered rare and not as popular. The plant is grown not only at home. It can be found in open areas - flower beds, parks, squares, etc. The flowers are often used for cooking traditional methods treatment of skin and respiratory diseases.

Motherland

The father appreciated his son's discovery. Therefore, already in 1892, the find was presented at the international flower exhibition in Belgium. After this, the seeds were distributed throughout the world. They were most liked by Europeans and Americans. Gradually, breeders began to develop new varieties. Initially, the flowering color was blue, bluish. Then new varieties were developed. Their color became violet, red, purple.

Important! Collectors and lovers of flower breeding liked the violet so much that new varieties are still being developed.

Now there are more than 30 thousand varieties. According to statistics, it is most popular in America. Residents of the country decorate their homes, offices, and flower beds with it.

Types and varieties

Wild or adapted for cultivation in natural conditions types

There are no strict qualifications yet. Main types street flower considered to be velvet, Grote and blue-colored Saintpaulia. All of them in appearance resemble the primitive violet that was found in Africa.

Velvet - has medium-sized leaves, 3-5 cm long, with jagged edges. Their surface is covered with a characteristic fluff, which gave the variety its name. The back side of the leaf is dark red or burgundy. The flowers are small (1-2 cm), their color is blue with a slight purple tint.

Grote is a bright type who immediately attracts attention. Its leaves are round and large (length 6-7 cm, width 5-8 cm). Their color is light green on both sides, the surface is smooth. Grote flowers are small in size, collected in lush clusters. Their color is unusual - lilac.

Blue-colored - has large leaves, the length of which reaches 8-9 cm. The flowers are medium in size, 3-4 cm in diameter. The color of the leaves is dark green, the shape is heart-shaped. Stems slightly shortened. Saintpaulia of this type has a rich purple color with a pronounced bluish tint.

Indoor

Home flowerpots of this type commonly called - Pansies. They are distinguished by color - single and multi-colored. They all have their characteristic features. Typical single-color indoor Saintpaulias include varieties - Blue Teal Fly, Gillian, Pink Sensation. With polycolor - EK-Music of Rain, Chimpansy, Queen Sabrina. These are the basic varieties that are in greatest demand.

Blue Tail Fly is characterized by its bright blue flowers petals. The color is rich, clean, and attracts attention. The leaves are small, rounded, and have a fleecy surface. At first glance, Jillian resembles a miniature copy of a carnation. The petals, like the leaves of this variety, are relatively large, the stems are shortened. Pink Sensation has its own peculiarity. The shape of its petals resembles the outline of a star. The color is unusual - white-pinkish.

EK-Music of Rain – very beautiful domestic variety. It is white or flesh-colored, with bluish stripes clearly visible along the petals, and a lilac outline along the edges. Chimpansy doesn't have leaves large size with a deep green tint. The border of the flowers is white and the petals are pink with small blue drops. Queen Sabrina is a striped variety. The color of the petals is bright purple tint. The leaves are dark green, small and fleecy.

Important! Properly placed indoor flowerpots complement the interior, its style and add coziness. The varieties are combined with each other, creating a festive atmosphere in apartments and houses.

Violets at home

Location and lighting

These indoor plants are placed on window sills, shelves, furniture sets. The main condition is bright light, but it does not like the influence of direct sunlight. In insufficient light it blooms poorly, 3-4 times a year. If it is abundant, yellow burns appear on the petals and leaves, which negatively affects the appearance.

To understand whether Pansies have enough light, you need to look closely at it. If the lighting is too bright and saturated, the leaves seem to hide from it and rise to the top. Then they stretch along, parallel to the vertical stems. When there is not enough light, the leaves “fall out” of the pots, trying to catch the deficiency as much as possible.

To achieve the desired flowering, Pansies need to receive proper light for at least 9-11 hours per day. That is, it is correct to place them with sunny side at home, but a little in the shade.

Feeding and watering

Fresh soil has a sufficient amount of microelements for nutrition. But only for a certain time - approximately 1.5 - 2 months. After this, it needs to be additionally fertilized so that Pansies do not lose their viability. Young Saintpaulias that have not yet bloomed must be treated with special nitrogen-based products. Those that are about to bloom need phosphorus and potassium. For watering Pansies use the following methods:

• through the pallet;
• immersion;
• drip.

The height of the tray should be 3-4 cm, and the diameter should be 2-3 cm larger diameter pot. For irrigation, use clean, settled water at room temperature. Fill the tray halfway with it. Then they put the pot there. For the soil to become saturated with moisture, you need to wait about 20-30 minutes. Then the tray with water is removed.

The immersion method is a little similar to the previous one. Here, instead of a pallet, they use a container that is larger in diameter and height than the pot. At home, an ordinary household basin is suitable for this. Water is poured into it (3/4 full), let it settle and reach desired temperature, then immerse the pot. They take it out in 40-50 minutes. The water should drain. This method of watering is usually used during severe drought, when the house is too hot.

The drip method is optimal for Pansies and convenient for the owner. For watering, use a special watering can with a narrow spout, a syringe (100 ml capacity) or a regular syringe. The soil is saturated with moisture, gradually, drop by drop. Watering lasts about 10 minutes. The water that has flowed into the pan under the pot is drained.

Attention! You need to water in such a way that moisture does not fall on the leaves and petals. This way it is possible to protect it from infection by fungus and mold.

Trimming

In order for Pansies not to grow too much, but to have a beautiful, neat appearance, they need additional care. Pruning is done using scissors special purpose. The procedure does not take much time. When pruning, remove damaged leaves, excess shoots, faded old tops, as well as those parts that have lost their vitality in appearance (withered, dried out, turned black, etc.).

This treatment has several advantages. It stimulates the growth of new leaves and flowering, and also protects it from disease infection. If the trunk is very exposed during pruning, it is covered with new soil, and a little fresh soil is added to the container.

The cleanliness of scissors must be carefully monitored. They need to be washed warm water after processing each flowerpot. In this way, disease transmission from one plant to another can be avoided.

Humidity and temperature

At home, under normal microclimate conditions, pansies will bloom well, and you don’t need to take special care of them. Optimal air humidity is 50-65%, temperature is 22-24 C. A few recommendations for maintaining a normal microclimate:

1. It is better to place the container with Saintpaulia in a tray filled with slightly damp expanded clay or pebbles.
2. Make sure that the flowerpot is not blown with cold air from the windows, but when heating season– hot and dry due to the operation of radiators (if Pansies are on the windowsill).
3. Install an air humidifier near the pots (equipment type - room).

Important! Some housewives spray the leaves with water using a sprayer in order to saturate it with moisture. This should not be done, especially when indoors low temperature air. Leaves and petals moistened in this way quickly become infected with fungal microorganisms, rot and are not restored to their former healthy appearance.

Soil for violets

The soil in containers should be moderately moist. The soil needs to be loosened from time to time, then it will be saturated with oxygen. An important indicator For soil there is acidity. It should be between 6.3 -6.5 pH. If the soil is not sufficiently or too acidic, it will negatively affect the health of Saintpaulia. They stop receiving vital microelements from the soil, such as phosphorus, zinc, nitrogen, and iron.

To maintain good appearance Saintpaulia, as well as preventing its infection by various fungi and bacteria, the soil needs to be nourished with macroelements. There are quite a lot of ready-made special means for cultivating land, which can be found in almost any flower shop. Each manufacturer gives detailed instructions on their application. It should be strictly adhered to.

Attention! Saintpaulias are planted in small containers. The soil in them is depleted quite quickly. Therefore, it is advisable to replant them 3-4 times a year.

Propagation of violets

They are bred at home using several popular and simple methods. These include leaf, stepson, baby and seed. Each of them is held at a certain time.

Propagation by the leaf method is used in the spring, during the active growing season. The ideal time is mid-April - end of May. The first row of sockets is not touched. From the second, a healthy medium-sized leaf with a petiole length of 2 to 3.5 cm is cut out. The procedure is carried out with special scissors, carefully, without damaging the stems. The petiole of the cut leaf is rooted in fresh soil or water.

The stepson propagation method involves rooting a shoot, previously removed from the leaf axil, in a pot of soil. Next, the container is covered with film. This creates a greenhouse effect. After several stepsons grow up, one is left in a container, and the rest are placed one by one in other vessels.

Another method of propagation is to remove and plant the babies separately. These are shoots that have their own root system. Babies can appear already in the first month of the life of the flowerpot itself. To separate them from the “mother”, you need to wait a little for them to increase in size and strengthen. The children are cut off with special scissors and transplanted into a separate vessel with fertilized soil.

The seed method is considered one of the simplest. To plant Saintpaulia, prepare the soil - loosen it, fertilize it, and moisten it. Seeds are collected independently (if you are experienced or have knowledge) or bought in flower shops. It is correct to grow them in special containers. Seeds germinate in approximately 2-3 weeks. Then they wait another 10-14 days for everything to get stronger, and they are transplanted into separate vessels.

Conditions necessary for flowering

So, in order for the flowerpot at home to always maintain an attractive appearance, you must adhere to the following recommendations:

1. Set the optimal microclimate (temperature, air humidity, absence of drafts and direct sunlight).
2. Constant fertilizer (the soil needs to be fed with microelements and treated with bactericidal agents).
3. Correct selection of pot (it is allowed to use ceramic or plastic container small diameter and height).
4. Replanting the plant as it grows.

Pansies love attention and careful care. If you follow these recommendations, there should be no problems with flowering in the flowerpot. It will delight the eye throughout the year.

Violet and its transplantation

There are several reasons why the plant should be moved to another, larger pot. These include - poor growth, exposure of stems, increase in the size of the root system, the appearance of salt residues on the surface of the earth white. Young flowerpots are transplanted into larger pots. For adults, leave the diameter of the container the same and change the soil.

Transplantation is carried out in two ways. The first is to remove it from the pot without touching the roots. A small part of the soil remains on them. A layer of soil is placed at the bottom of the new pot, then the plant itself is carefully placed, and then sprinkled with substrate again. Then they water it and put it in its place. The second method of replanting is to take the violet out of the old pot and carefully sort it out, removing any remaining soil. Then place the Saintpaulia in a new pot with fresh, loosened, moist soil.

Attention! You should not replant the flowerpot while it is blooming. During this period, he does not like any changes and is susceptible to various diseases.

Common growing problems

Even with constant care, various incidents arise. If the pansies wither, rot or dry out, the problem may lie in watering. Proper cultivation involves the use of high-quality water. It needs to be left for several hours or passed through a filter. Regular tap water is suitable for irrigation. Its temperature should be 20-25 C. Pansies die with intensive or insufficient watering. Therefore, after moistening, it is necessary to observe how the soil absorbs moisture.

Another growing problem is the contact of leaves and flowers with other flowerpots or objects (walls, windows, etc.). The plant needs space. When in contact with other objects, the leaves curl and Saintpaulia does not receive enough useful substances. You should not place pots with plants on narrow window sills and shelves. Between flowerpots it is necessary to provide optimal distance(30-40 cm).

Why violet does not grow reasons

The most common problem in the growth of Saintpaulia is the rapid depletion of soil or its poor quality. Reasons that influence this:

• low or high temperature air - below 15 C or more than 27 C;
• large pot;
• there is no recharge (especially nitrogen).

The quality of the soil greatly affects the growth and development of the flower. Do not collect soil in industrial areas or places with contaminated soil. Also, soil taken (sprinkled) from other flowerpots is not suitable for the flower.

Important to know! The soil should contain an optimal amount of sand or expanded clay, vermiculite, and sphagnum. For growing, it is better to take soil from the forest or buy it in flower shops. The second option is better - since the soil goes through several stages of cleaning and replenishment in advance.

Violets dry out, leaves and their tips turn yellow. Causes and their elimination

Several factors influence the loss of attractive appearance of Pansies. The flowerpot dries out if the soil lacks phosphorus. To eliminate this deficiency, the soil must be saturated with this microelement. Flower shops provide a wide selection of phosphorus-based products for violet soil.

Another negative factor is direct sunlight hitting the flowerpot. Not all housewives may notice this, since they usually pay attention to the flower in the morning or evening. You need to select one sunny day and observe the flower, how it is illuminated. If there is a period when the rays directly hit the flowering or leaves, it is better to rearrange it.

Attention! The soil must not be allowed to harden. The soil needs to be constantly loosened. For this there is special tools. Hardened soil is quickly depleted and prevents the plant's roots from absorbing vital components.

Indoor violets - diseases and pests. Treatment

Pansy is a delicate plant, sensitive to various negative factors. Most often she suffers due to illiterate care. Symptoms of the development of violet disease are poor elasticity of leaves (the appearance of cracks, wrinkles, scratches), blackening of flowers, disruption of natural color, rotting roots. Treatment is as follows:

• treating the plant with special-purpose agents (antifungal, antiseptic, disinfectant, etc.);
• reducing the frequency of watering (intensity remains the same);
• removing the infected pot from other pots;
• cutting off diseased leaves;
• removal of affected areas along with the soil;
• transfer.

Important! Diseases of violets spread quickly and lead to the death of the plant. The fight against fungi and mites should begin at the first sign of infection.

In the case when an indoor flower can no longer be treated, it must be disposed of along with the soil, and the pot must be washed well using antiseptic agents.

Conclusion

Recommendations on how to care for violets different types at home, general ones are presented. Each plant has its own individual characteristics, so it deserves special attention. When it comes to care, the main thing is not to overdo it—do not over-water or fertilize. If you follow the rules for growing Saintpaulia, you can create an entire greenhouse at home without much effort. Violets fit well into almost any type of interior and harmoniously complement the design. They are used as decoration for walls, windows, and balconies. For you, dear beginning flower growers, here is a video on the topic.

Before you buy and grow a violet, you need to know a few basic rules for caring for it. The capricious terry Saintpaulia rots, dries out or is affected by a fungus if the regimes or certain points are violated. How often to water violets, how to care for them to get healthy beautiful flower?

Caring for violets at home

Having bought a plant for home, you need to keep an eye on:

1. Temperature. It is imperative to care for it, avoiding drafts, and ensuring temperature stability: from 18 to 24 °C.
2. Lighting. The capricious plant does not tolerate direct sunlight, but needs bright light. Illumination with a lamp will help it bloom even in the cold season.
3. Water. Not every gardener knows how to water violets correctly. Water should not get on the leaves; it is advisable to feed an indoor flower by placing the pot on a tray. From excess liquid, the sprout may not only stop blooming, but also die.
4. Feeding. Each variety will grow better if the flowers are regularly given mineral fertilizers. Ideal option for diseases - fertilize once a week during the warm period: in spring or autumn.
5. By transplant. It is better that the flower is replanted in fresh soil every year. This is necessary because the land is depleted during this period.

How to water violets

The basic rule when caring for them is to water the flowers so that the soil in which they are located does not dry out and become a hardened lump: on average, this should be done 2-3 times every week. The frequency depends on the humidity of the room, time of year and soil. You should ensure that the soil is always moist, but do not create a swamp in the pot. Water for irrigation should not be taken too cold, it should be soft and settled. Remember that it is highly discouraged to allow water to get on the leaves.

Basic principles of watering:

1. Decide on the method of watering, choosing from regular, tray or wick. The latter is considered the most convenient (once you set up the system, you don’t have to water the violet for 1-2 weeks).
2. Keep in mind that the frequency of watering depends on the material of the pot, humidity, season, and indoor air quality.
3. Remove water from the pan after 15 minutes.
4. Use settled, boiled, filtered or melt water.
5. The water temperature should be between 18 and 22 °C.

How to place violets on a windowsill

When wondering how to care for violets, always remember that they love bright light, but not direct sunlight. Plants will bloom on any windowsill, but you will create more comfortable conditions by placing pots on windows facing the north, north-west or north-east. If you have chosen southern or western windows, then the lower part of the glass must be covered with tracing paper or thick tulle.

How to feed violets

In order not to provoke the death of the flower, you need to know how to care for it correctly and what fertilizers are intended for violets. These include:

1. Regular minerals. These include superphosphates, which ensure flowering and active growth. It is advisable to add colorless or whitish granules during transplantation.
2. Complex minerals. One sachet helps the gardener provide the indoor flower with important mineral compounds for a long time.
3. Organic fertilizers. You can fertilize the plant with a small amount of humus or humus during replanting. It is recommended to feed only adult and healthy individuals.

Caring for violets in winter

Indoor flower with velvet sheets it is necessary to ensure familiar conditions during cold weather. It is important to ensure that it is not deprived of light, so that it does not freeze, and the air in the room does not dry out. If you want to see beautiful large flowers, then in October, stop feeding the plant and, if you notice new flower stalks, remove them. In this case, Saintpaulia, having rested, will bloom with renewed vigor. To delicate flower did not die in winter, he needs to be provided required levels temperature, light, humidity.

When it's cold outside, it's important for the violet that you keep warm where it stands. Optimal temperature– 20-25 °C. At night the temperature can reach 12 °C, but it is important to ensure that the plant does not remain in the cold for long. It is better to place flower pots on boards, foam plastic, etc. When severe frosts it is better to rearrange the flowers from the windowsill, for example, to desk. If you leave the violet in place, you need to make sure that during ventilation it is not exposed to a draft - this will lead to burns.

Reproduction and transplantation of violets at home

Growing violets and proper care is half the battle. In addition, you need to know how to grow a violet from an existing flower and about transplanting individuals. There are several methods of reproduction:

1. Rooting a leaf in soil or water. This involves cutting a leaf, growing it in water and planting it in the ground, or immediately growing it in the soil.
2. Propagation by peduncles and stepsons. Here you need to plant the stepson or peduncle in a substrate prepared in advance. This method guarantees that violet babies will have the same unique coloring as their mother.
3. Growing a new flower from seeds. If you propagate at home, you need to place the mother Saintpaulia and the father flower next to each other, and after pollination, wait until the queen box appears, then until it dries. Then collect seeds that you can start growing. Purchased seeds must be sown in furrows, and after they germinate, planted in pots.

Before transplanting a violet, it is important to know the main points:

1. When transplanting, the soil should be wet, but not stick to your hands.
2. It is better not to use old pots for new flowers.
3. The diameter of Saintpaulia should be three times larger than the pot. With each transplant, it is recommended to take a larger pot than the previous one.
4. It is better to plant in plastic containers rather than glossy ceramic ones.
5. When replanting, the soil should be loose and contain admixtures of sand and peat.
6. It’s good if you use expanded clay or sphagnum moss for drainage.
7. It is important that when transplanting, the lower leaves of the flower barely touch the ground.
8. When the violet is in a new place, it needs to make a greenhouse, covering it with a bag. You can water only the next day after transplanting.

Pests and diseases of violets

To ensure a long life for the plant, everyone should know how to care for violets. Failure to follow the rules will lead to damage to the sprout by pests or various diseases. Uzambara violet can be affected by the following microscopic insects:

• ticks;
• scale insects and false scale insects;
• thrips;
• springtails;
• nematodes;
• scale insects;
• aphids;
• woodlice;
• mosquitoes and midges;
• greenhouse whitefly.

At poor care the flower can get sick like this infectious diseases, How:

• fusarium;
• powdery mildew;
• late blight;
• gray rot;
• rust;
• vascular bacteriosis.

Video: how to properly care for violets

Indoor violet- such a beautiful and delicate plant that even prejudices about impending loneliness will not prevent you from having one. For some reason, there was an opinion that the flower has excess feminine energy, and this will not allow its owner to find a mate.

Fortunately, most lovers of house plants do not pay attention to slander and are happy to grow violets on their windowsills. They bloom in gratitude all year round, delighting the eye with bright inflorescences of all shades of the rainbow.

Violets, or Saintpaulias, from the Violet family decorate the interiors of homes around the world, but their homeland is Africa. There, flowers grow along river beds and near waterfalls, as they love high humidity.

Direct sunlight is destructive to the fleshy leaves of the plant, so it is low in order to be able to hide under the branches of trees and shrubs. The flower grows in the shape of a rosette. Its diameter ranges from 6 to 60 cm.

Indoor violet feels best on a window facing east or north, when the bright sun does not burn the leaves and inflorescences.

In nature, the plant reproduces using rhizomes and fruits filled with seeds. At home, the cut leaf is placed in a jar of water and after it has taken root, it is transplanted into moist soil.

The velvety leaves of the plant have oval shape with smooth or jagged edges. Currently, breeders have bred several tens of thousands of species of violets with a variety of colors.

Popular varieties and types of homemade violets

Choosing houseplant, many pay attention primarily to the beauty and shade of the inflorescence. The classic violet flower is lilac or blue-purple. Wild varieties are distinguished by small flowers with five petals and a yellow core. Fashionable bred types of Saintpaulia are characterized by double, bordered and tricolor petals.

Indoor violets are divided into varieties according to the shape and color of leaves and flowers, the size of the rosette and flowers and the degree of their terry.

To the most known species The following varieties include:

1. Star. It has a symmetrical arrangement of flower petals with a border and a light center.
2. Pansies. With a serrated edge on the double petals and a contrasting border around their edge.
3. Bell. They are distinguished by petals fused at the base, creating an increased terry effect.
4. Bowl. With unfused petals various shapes and shades, received its name due to the elongated flowers that do not fully bloom.

Once you find yourself in a flower shop and see the variety of violets, you won’t be able to stop at just one plant. This is good, since violets love to grow surrounded by their fellow violets.

If the plant occupies a windowsill on the right side of the world, its pot is full suitable soil, and watering is regular and corresponds to the established regime, it will grow well and delight the owner with lush flowering. Violet does not require complex care at home.

Pot location

If the windows of the apartment face the south or west, then to grow violets you need to hang blinds on them. The flower also does not tolerate drafts and sudden changes in temperature, so you cannot place the pot opposite it.

The delicate violet will die if the conditions of detention are grossly violated.

Humidity

In their homeland, violets grow well near waterfalls, as they love moisture. When the spray of water disperses into the air, it creates an ideal habitat for them.

The violet leaves will become succulent and the flower will be strong and healthy if placed in a room or a mini fountain. The last element of the interior, according to the teachings of Feng Shui, brings harmony and prosperity to the house. The same is true for violets.

Lighting

The flower must stand on the windowsill to receive the light necessary for growth. Morning sun - best option for violets, so the east side is perfect. To ensure uniform growth of the rosette, the pot must be moved, since the leaves on the side closest to the window will begin to appear much faster than the others.

There is no need to organize special lighting for the flower, because in nature violets hide in the shade of trees and are content with diffused light.

Observing the growth and flowering of the plant will help you understand that the location of the pot has been chosen correctly. If there is an error, flowers will rarely appear.

The violet, like other house plants, should be watered with well-settled water at room temperature. Due to the fact that water enters water supply systems after filtration and purification, it contains various chemical additives. Most of them evaporate after 8-10 hours, but it is better to use water for watering plants a day after filling the jug.

Through the pallet

This method is common among gardeners. Watering through a tray is suitable for violets, since water is guaranteed not to get on its leaves. Any drops that fall on the flower should be blotted up immediately.

Water does not evaporate well from the velvety leaves, and even a small amount will lead to the appearance of dark spots and plant disease. In addition, harmful fungi and pests grow in damp soil.

After pouring water into the tray, wait until it is absorbed. If the top of the soil in the pot has not darkened, you should repeat the procedure. As soon as the moisture stops being absorbed, its remains are poured out of the pan.

Drip

Watering from above should be done in a thin stream so that splashes do not fall on the leaves and trunk of the flower. You need to pour water onto the dried soil until it flows out of the drainage holes. After waiting until the excess moisture is in the pan, the water should be drained from it.

Many gardeners prefer this method when watering violets. It allows you to evenly moisten the soil, which is important for a tropical plant.

By immersion

Another method of watering through a tray is to place the flower pot in water until the ground darkens with moisture. This method is dangerous because plants infected with pests, immersed in the same container of water, will exchange spores of harmful fungi.

Wick

It should be noted right away that not all varieties of violets perceive wick method glaze. It is also not suitable for plants in pots more than 8 cm high.

The wick watering technique involves placing a container of water under the flower, which does not touch the bottom of the pot. The end of a piece of cloth rolled up is placed in it, and its second part is inserted through the drainage hole into the pot. Violet regulates moisture consumption and is always found in sufficiently moist soil.

Soil selection

Specialized departments sell bags of soil intended for various types plants. There is such a substrate for violets. It contains at least 50% humus, moss or peat and sand. This composition will allow the flower to develop normally and form buds.

The violet completely depletes the soil in 2 years, so after this period of time it should definitely be replanted in fresh soil, carefully shaking off the remaining soil from the roots.

The plant does not need an overly large pot, otherwise it will put all its energy into growth and will not bloom. The popular flower is compact and has a neat root system. Since it grows over the surface, the container should not be deep. Pests grow in excess soil, so you should choose a pot with a diameter 2-3 times smaller than the violet rosette.

Cute pots made of ceramics and clay are well suited for planting plants. The pattern on them can be selected in color scheme, close to the inflorescence of Saintpaulia.

The plant will also take root in light plastic pots if you make drainage holes in them for air exchange of the root system. They are placed in a ceramic pot or wrapped in paper with bright patterns.

Fertilizers and fertilizers

If your violet stops blooming and looks drooping, adding nitrogen-containing fertilizer to your watering water will instantly change the situation. In spring, these supplements are necessary, since due to the short daylight hours the plant weakens and needs feeding.

You can use complex fertilizers or organic matter. They cannot be added to dry soil, so as not to burn the roots of the flower. If the soil is dry, water the violet first plain water, and then containing useful substances.

The plant will also gratefully accept supplements in the form of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. By carefully calculating the dose of their addition, it will be possible to avoid accelerated growth of the rosette to the detriment of flowering. Violets are fairly unpretentious plants, so a lack of fertilizer in the soil is better than an excess.

Replant violet better in spring or autumn. In summer, elevated temperatures will prevent it from taking root, and in winter, lack of light.

There are several reasons why a plant should be moved to another pot.

1. Infestation of the soil by pests or the appearance of a white coating on it.
2. Flower growth and formation of additional formed rosettes.
3. Soil depletion.
4. An overly compacted root system and cessation of plant growth, despite fertilizing.
5. Transplanting a recently acquired plant from a temporary pot into a clay pot.

First of all, you need to moisten the soil of the transplanted plant so that it can be easily removed from its previous container. A layer of expanded clay should be poured into the bottom of the new pot for drainage, and soil for violets should be placed on top of it. It should also be watered so as not to damage the roots of the flower during replanting.

After carefully removing the flower and clearing it of lumps of earth, you need to place it in another pot and add the missing soil on top. After this, the plant is watered so that it takes root faster.

You should not fertilize the violet within a month after transplantation, as it gets used to changing soil and may react poorly to fertilizing. It is also undesirable to transfer a flowering plant to a new pot, since it spends all its energy on the formation of buds and flowers.

Pruning rules

Removing leaves is usually associated with the formation of a symmetrical rosette and rejuvenation of the flower. The bottom layer of leaves is always removed. It's more convenient to do this sharp knife or with a razor, carefully cutting off the leaves at the base.

When the trunk of the plant begins to resemble a palm tree, the violet needs to be rejuvenated. It is better to do the procedure with a non-blooming violet. Otherwise, you should first remove all flower stalks, and then use a scalpel or razor to cut off the top of the plant and clean the rest of the trunk. Having placed it in a jar of water, wait until the flower takes root and move it into fresh soil.

Violets, although unpretentious, need attention and care at home due to the possible appearance of pests and diseases.

With more frequent watering and excessive soil moisture, violets are often affected by brown or root rot. It is caused by fungi growing in the soil. Brown rot is more dangerous, as it can spread to standing nearby uninfected plants.

Root rot affects the roots of the violet, which is why it should be immediately removed from the pot, the affected areas of the root system should be cleaned and moved to another soil. If the pot remains the same, it must be calcined and washed with disinfectants. As preventive measures flowers are processed antifungal drugs and reduce the frequency of watering.

Powdery mildew also often affects violets. The fungus spores fall onto the leaves from the soil and cause the formation of tiny white lumps. They are removed with a toothpick, and especially affected leaves are cut off.

The most dangerous disease is fusarium. It negatively affects both the roots and leaves of the plant. Root system softens, and the stems become watery and soon die.

If one flower is sick, it must be immediately isolated from the rest. Treatment and prevention consists of watering the violet once a month with a phytosporin solution.

Dark spots on the leaves are caused by the bronzing virus and late blight. In both cases, the affected leaves should be removed and the plant treated with an antifungal drug.

Violet pests such as thrips and sciarid flies cause significant damage to plants. They can be dealt with using special means and regulating the watering regime.

How to care for violets in winter

In the cold season, violet growth is slowed down, so it needs to be watered less often. The addition of fertilizing should also be reduced to once a month. In winter, daylight hours are very short, and the flower needs lighting at least 11 hours a day. Installing several lamps over pots of violets will help them to successfully overwinter and meet spring healthy and strong.

If the window near which the violets stand is supposed to be opened for ventilation, it is better to remove the flowers from it. Frosty air burns the leaves, as do direct sunlight.

The violet is native to the tropics, which is why it does not tolerate drafts and temperatures below 20 °C.

Conclusion

People loved the indoor violet so much that it has become almost an obligatory element of home decor. Photo flowering plants evokes joy and pleasure, and a small indoor greenhouse on the windowsills will create coziness and comfort. Growing violets, learning the names of new varieties and adding them to existing flowers often becomes a real hobby.

In many countries, it is believed that violet helps create an atmosphere of love and harmony at home. The delicate flower with bright inflorescences actually looks joyful. A tropical plant brings a piece of warmth and well-being to the house, demanding in return only proper care.

My name is Julia Jenny Norman, and I am an author of articles and books. I cooperate with the publishing houses "OLMA-PRESS" and "AST", as well as with glossy magazines. Currently helping to promote projects virtual reality. I have European roots, but I spent most of my life in Moscow. There are many museums and exhibitions here that charge you with positivity and give inspiration. In my spare time I study French medieval dances. I am interested in any information about that era. I offer you articles that can captivate you with a new hobby or simply give you pleasant moments. You need to dream about something beautiful, then it will come true!

Hello, dear flower growers, do you know how to care for violets so that they bloom all year round? I will try to discover new secrets of caring for these delicate plants.

Delicate scattering

Have you ever seen a lot blooming violets straightaway? This is such a breathtaking sight that you involuntarily become a fan of this delicate inflorescence.

Unpretentious violets or Saintpaulias, if properly cared for, will bloom all year round.

Try growing these touching bouquets at home to always be in a good, peaceful mood. After all, this is precisely what the delicate scattering of flowers contributes to.

Name Saintpaulia came from the name of the person who discovered this flower. One day Baron Adalbert von Saint-Paul was walking with his lady love in the surrounding area. His gaze involuntarily fell on blue flowers framed by dark green fleshy leaves. They grew in a rock crevice.

Since then, many species of this plant have appeared with different names. In 1893, a flower exhibition was held, where Saintpaulia was presented. The never-before-seen specimen created a real sensation.

Collectors gave it high praise, and journalists wrote about it throughout the international press. Name Usambara violet was given in honor of the massif in Tanzania, where the baron discovered it.

Requirements for growing violets

Growing is not difficult, but there are a few peculiar nuances. Unpretentious in care, she still requires a little attention.

1. Does not like direct sunlight.
2. Cannot tolerate hot air coming from heating.
3. Drafts are also not her element.
4. It does not tolerate spraying, but loves humidified air, so place a container of water nearby.
5. The soil in the pot should be loose so that enough oxygen reaches the roots.
6. Watering at least 3 times a week.
7. Remove dust with a soft brush, but do not wash it under water.

How to propagate violets

Reproduction is very simple:

• The leaf is cut off.
• Place in a vessel with water until roots appear.
• Transferred to soil.
• Cover with a glass jar to create a mini greenhouse.

It can be propagated by seeds, but its varietal characteristics may be lost. You planted one thing, and a completely different specimen may grow, but it’s even interesting.

Requirements for the potty. It should be small in size. If the rosette of leaves is 27 centimeters in diameter, then its diameter should be 9-10 cm. For good flowering it does not require a larger capacity. In a larger pot, the violet will begin to fatten, but will no longer please with flowering.

The flower is not indifferent to feeding phosphorus fertilizers. You can feed with complex fertilizers for flowering plants, but the recommended concentration should be reduced by 3 times.

If you didn't wait abundant flowering, then cut everything off lower leaves or place it overnight where the temperature is +15°C to give an impetus to the formation of new buds.

Plant species

Indoor violets vary in shape, leaf color, flower structure, different shades of inflorescences, number and shape of petals

1. The bluebell violet has beautiful long buds.
   
   
2. “Star” with the same length of flower petals.
   
   
3. "Wasp" has 2 fused petals.
   
   
4. Usambara violet may be different shades and terry leaves.
   
   
5. A popular species among flower growers - Red Saintpaulia, having the color of the buds from purple to ruby.
   
   
6. Yang violet is endowed with light green leaves with wavy edges and flowers of various shapes.
   
7. White Saintpaulia attracts flowers with its heavily double inflorescences, from which it is impossible to take your eyes off.
   
8. Blue violet amazes with its delicate airy composition.
   

Reasons why violets refuse to bloom

• Lighting. The most comfortable location is on the east or west side. Required in winter artificial lighting until 12 o'clock.
• Age - 3 years. After 3 years it stops blooming. The only way to rejuvenate a violet is by transplanting it.
• Drafts will prevent it from blooming, so do not take it out into the garden or into a gazebo where the breeze blows.
• Excessively nutritious soil will lead to the appearance of powerful leaves without flowers. In nature, they grow in poor soil.
• Lateral rosettes indicate aging of the plant. They need to be removed and Saintpaulia rejuvenated.
• Fertilizers need to be diluted 2-3 times. A little fasting will do you good.
• Hybrids - Many hybrids don't last long and there's nothing you can do about it.
• Pests. To prevent them from starting, replant Saintpaulia once every three years. If on the surface of the earth appears white coating, then replanting is necessary every year.

You bought a violet, what should you do?

After purchase, the plant requires careful handling. Most likely, you have chosen a flowering specimen and want the flowering to continue at home.

Some useful tips:

1. Remove all dried leaves and yellowed flower stalks.
2. Remove all buds. Why, you ask? To remove possible pests, as well as to increase strength, because a change of environment is a strong stress for any flower.
3. When bringing it into the house, do not water; the top layers of soil should dry out well.
4. Most often, violets are brought from Holland and Germany. There she is planted in soil that is devoid of nutrients, therefore, do not delay with the transfer to good land. If she doesn't feel well, then place her under a transparent plastic bag and keep it like that for 3-4 days. Ventilate the mini greenhouse every three days. After 7-10 days, remove it completely.

If flowering has ended

Uzambara violets can bloom for up to 10 months. Blooming Saintpaulia brings a lot of joy, but sometimes it needs to rest. What to do when it's time to rest.

After flowering, you must perform the following steps:

• Remove old flower stalks and leave new ones.
• The plant should be replanted. To do this, take it out of the pot and inspect the roots.

• You can take a larger pot, or you can leave it in the same container.
• Remove old wick. Shake the soil off the roots.
• Remove white deposits from the soil.
• If there is a trunk left, it is buried when transplanting.
• If you don’t want to leave the trunk, cut it off and place the rest in water until roots appear.

• Overgrown roots after removal of the trunk.

• Next, insert a new wick, possibly from tights.

• Close the holes in the bottom to prevent soil from falling out. You can also use a piece from tights.

• Then you need to pour a little soil and spread it out top part wick.

• Place the root in a pot, add soil, hiding all the petioles underground.

• Next, the pot is placed on a jar of water so that the wick reaches the water.

If you had to remove a lot of roots, it will take two or three weeks to recover.

To ensure a successful landing, follow a few more recommendations:

1. In Saintpaulia, stepsons may grow in the leaf axils instead of peduncles. They need to be removed.
2. If the stepsons are large, then they can be planted to grow a new plant from them.
3. The second growth point must also be removed.

How to achieve lush flowering of Saintpaulia

Four main rules for them to bloom all year round:

• Drainage, soil, pot.
  Perhaps there are some flowers that do not require drainage, but not Saintpaulia. Drainage at the bottom of the pot - prerequisite. The pot should not be large so that the roots do not grow too much and the plant does not waste energy on them. Do not take soil from the garden, there may be dangerous pests there.
• Light and warmth.
  The ideal temperature is -19 -21 degrees C. The heat is also not for violets. They do not like direct sunlight, so cover it with light curtains.
• Watering and fertilizers.
  Ideal watering is in a tray. But if you pour water into the pot, do not pour it on the leaves or in the center of the rosette.
  Fertilizers should be used once a month. Excess feeding will affect the leaves - they will turn yellow and fall off. You cannot fertilize in autumn and winter, only in spring and summer.
• Shape and flowers.
  Remove all shoots and dead leaves, form a beautiful rosette. To do this, turn it towards the sun different sides. To ensure that the buds have a bright, rich color, water them with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.

How to seat children

The mother leaf, which we planted in the ground in advance, usually produces young children. How to care for children? First they need to be seated. They are ready for planting if the growth point is clearly visible and the leaves have reached 3-4 cm.

They are placed in small dark containers, e.g. plastic cups.

Each baby is a real plant with leaves, a trunk and roots. We carefully separate only the formed babies, leaving the rest for growing. We transplant it into a glass without deepening the growing point.

Used for seating light soil, containing sphagnum, peat and vermiculite. Water the planted sprouts with settled water.

After 3-4 months, the children are transplanted into a real pot using the transfer method.

Transshipment:

1. Do not water the plant abundantly.
2. We remove it from the container so as to completely preserve the earthen lump.
3. Take a larger pot.
4. Fill one third of the volume with drainage.
5. Add more soil and place the old pot.
6. We fill the space between the walls tightly with soil.
7. We remove the small pot, and put a violet with an earthen lump into the resulting void.
8. The surface of the new and old soil should be at the same level.
9. After a day, the plant can be watered.

When transshipping flowering plants, the buds must be removed so that rooting is painless.

Transshipment differs in that the root is transferred along with a lump of soil. The transshipment method is suitable for young and weakened flowers.

I am sure that you also fell in love with this delicate flower and will start breeding it. Good luck!