The most important element comfort in the room - properly selected lighting. At the same time, lamps perform not only a practical, but also an aesthetic function. A beautiful table lamp or sconce can transform a room, giving it new features and uniqueness.

There is a huge variety of lighting equipment on sale. However, if you wish and have minimal skills, you can independently make an exclusive lamp that reflects the tastes of the owner. This article will discuss how to make a table lamp with your own hands.

Lighting principles

When organizing lighting, you should adhere to the basic principle - full illumination of the entire room or its separate section (in the case of local light). Lighting should be arranged to perform the following tasks:

• creating a normal working atmosphere;
• obtaining a decorative effect (for example, highlighting interior details);
• emphasizing the advantages of the room and hiding its shortcomings.

A table lamp is an additional light source. Consequently, its function is to illuminate a local area of ​​the room. Most often they are used for work and reading, and also as night lights.

Design Features

The table lamp consists of the following elements:

1. Electromechanical part. Thanks to electromechanics, electricity is supplied from the mains to the lamp socket.
2. Support part. This element supports the illuminator or reflector.
3. Illuminator. It is a lamp under a lampshade or in a reflector.

In lamps with stands, the main aesthetic is usually the design of the lampshade, with the stand acting as an accessory. In articulated models the opposite is true.

Electromechanical part

The electrical circuit of a table lamp includes a power plug, cable, switch and socket. In some cases there is a voltage controller.

The E27 chuck is installed only on a threaded shank (M10, M12). The cartridge for a narrow base (E14) is also installed on a thread (another option is a lamella in the form of a metal strip). The best option for a table lamp - chandelier sockets equipped with threaded flanges. A metal faceplate with a lampshade structure or a hinge clamp clamp is clamped between the flanges. The figure below shows lamp socket options.

During production special attention pay attention to electrical safety. To do this, adhere to the following rules:

1. The cable must be round, covered in a double insulating layer.
2. The current-carrying conductors are selected to be flexible and contain many wires. A suitable core cross-section is from 0.35 sq. mm or more.
3. Areas where the cable is laid through conductive parts, as well as damp places, are protected with dielectric bushings. Knees or cuffs are also used.
4. Cable tension inside lighting fixture should not be excessive.

The figure below shows a diagram of the mechanical components of a rack table lamp support.

Before insertion, the cable is tied from the inside with a knot or threaded through the opening of a dielectric locking washer. This is done so that after tensioning the cable from the outside, it does not lose the integrity of the internal part.

Hinge Features

The design of a table lamp stand is simple, unlike a hinged bracket. The wire to the lamp socket is supplied through fireproof dielectric elbows. If the hinge link is solid, the cable is routed along its top (right and center). At the same time, they are carefully fixed to the link. In the case of tubular links, the cable is placed inside them. Cable loops are created above the kinks of the links (diameter of at least 60 mm, or from 12 conductor diameters). In the area of ​​cable transition from the bracket to the illuminator, the loop is larger - from 90 mm, or 20 cable diameters.

The position of a table lamp with a hinge varies widely, so it is not easy to ensure its stability with a load. Because of this, a table lamp with hinges will require screw clamps. For homemade lamp You can use, for example, a small carpenter's clamp. What is needed is carpentry, not metalworking, since the latter lack a soft coating.

To create a clamp holder, use a socket metal tube(inner diameter - not less than 10 mm, length - 120-150 mm). A longitudinal groove is sawed in the tube with the same thickness as the clamp holder. The nest is fixed to the clamp using through bolted connections. A metal pin with an eye is installed in the socket, acting as a stationary element of the lower hinge of the bracket.

Pay attention! The clip is made of high-carbon steel so that the clamp does not deform under the pressure of the parts. However, such steel is brittle, so the drill must be made of a durable alloy. Do not hit the clip with hard objects or try to bend it.

Reflectors

For articulated table lamps, only reflectors are suitable. The lampshade is too heavy for this type of lamp. A parabolic type reflector is required because it produces a very even, directional light. You can purchase a reflector or make it yourself. Usually only single reflectors are made independently. However, the lighting from them is not the most uniform. But high-quality reflectors (fourth order of curvature) cannot be made on your own; you will have to buy this part.

The reflector on the hinged bracket needs an upper opening to remove heated air. Although LED and fluorescent lamps heat up moderately, the life of the product is still reduced, so the removal of hot air is highly desirable.

Color scheme and style

Selecting the color of the lampshade or shade for a lamp has important. The table lamp should be in harmony with general style premises. This does not mean that the lamp must be the same color as the interior. For example, a green lamp is suitable for a dark background - it will add liveliness to the interior.

Other interesting solution- applying multi-colored lines to the lampshade and geometric shapes. This solution goes well with warm colors.

The most popular color schemes are:

• beige;
• sea ​​wave;
• monochrome tones;
• black;
• golden;
• white;
• green (grass color);
• under wood.

Stylistically, a table lamp can be designed in different directions:

• classic;
• art nouveau;
• art deco;
• minimalism and hi-tech;
• modern;
• Empire;
• Asian styles (Indian, Japanese, Chinese).

Solutions for different types of premises

Cabinet

Lighting in the office must meet the following requirements:

• provide an intense stream of light for reading and writing;
• do not apply psychological pressure;
• consume electricity economically;
• match the interior.

For table lamps in business offices, the following design options are usually chosen:

• opaque spherical lampshades;
• noir style;
• subdued colors;
• classic details;
• simplicity and functionality;
• a switch installed directly on the base of the lamp.

Suitable colors for lamps in the office:

• green (dark bottle shade);
• beige;
• black;
• polished wood;
• dark blue.

Children's room

The following solutions are relevant for children's premises:

• dim lighting;
• moderately bright colors;
• unusual shapes of lighting fixtures with all kinds of cartoon images or figures.

In a children's room, you should adhere to the following priorities regarding table lamps:

• absence of easily breakable parts;
• strength and maximum possible integrity of structures;
• environmental safety of materials;
• semi-permeability of the lampshade (if possible).

Bedroom

For the bedroom choose dim lighting. Individual bright elements are possible, but the overall background is predominantly pastel. A table lamp in the bedroom can act as a night light near the bed or illuminate the work area, if there is one in this room.

Original ideas

Green lamp

The idea of ​​a green table lamp has historical background. Such a lamp was on the tables of many statesmen. The essence of a green lamp is its lampshade, made of glass of the appropriate color. A translucent (three-quarters) coating is applied inside the glass.

To make a green lamp, you will need housekeeper lamps with a color temperature of 4300 K and U-shaped bulb segments. You also need white acrylic enamel used for bathtubs. The diagram of the green lamp shade is shown in the figure below.

The dimensions of the lampshade depend on the height of the lamp bulb. For this purpose, there is a coordinate grid in the figure. Green light filter made of polyethylene. Reflectors are made from a thin sheet of tin. Use a strip of polyvinyl chloride to hide the outer seam. Two or three more strips are glued along the vertical axis (every 90-120 degrees). You can choose any suitable design as a rack.

Lamp made from plastic bottles

To make a table lamp you will need the following tools and materials:

• concrete dry mix;
• socket, plug, switch and cord;
• two plastic bottles;
• sandpaper;
• self-tapping screws;
• threaded tube (three-eighths of an inch) and nuts.

Sequence of work:

1. Using scissors, cut off the bottoms of the bottles. Next we drill the bottle caps. The holes must be such that a threaded tube passes through them.
2. We fix the tube on the cover using nuts.
3. We fasten both bottles together.
4. We use self-tapping screws to secure the bottles.
5. Mix the concrete and fill the form with it.
6. We remove the bottles. To make it easier to remove the plastic, we use a hairdryer. We get a finished structure based on a concrete mixture
7. We clean the roughness with sandpaper.
8. We lay the wiring.

Table lamp made from photographic films

An unusual retro-style table lamp can be created using old photographic films. To make it you will need the following materials and tools:

• lamp base;
• wire for frame;
• a piece of thick matte paper;
• glossy glue;
• old film (black and white or color, transparent x-ray film will also work);
• roulette;
• scissors;
• brush for working with glue.

We carry out the work in the following order:

1. We apply the film to the shade of the table lamp and measure required length. You can place the film vertically or horizontally - there is no difference.
2. Apply a layer of glue to one of the edges of the lampshade.
3. We apply the film along the edge of the edge of the lampshade. We apply the second strip along the other edge. We place the third strip in the middle so that it overlaps the other two.
4. Apply glue to the attached films. We make sure that the negatives adhere tightly to the surface.
5. We dry the lampshade and assemble the table lamp. When the glue is completely dry, we join the lampshade to the base and turn on the light.

Lamp made of bars

An original table lamp can be made from wooden beam. To create it you will need the following materials and tools:

• screwdriver;
• wood hacksaw;
• electric drill;
• wing bolt and nut;
• gold paint (in a can);
• three wooden blocks (one long and two short);
• cord, light bulb with socket, plug.

First, three bars are cut using a hacksaw. Next, holes are drilled at the ends of two short bars at equal distances from the edge. Also, two holes are made on a long block: one in the center (for the bolt), the second at the top (for the electrical cord). The distance of the first hole from the edge shows the angle of the table lamp. Once the holes are drilled, press the smaller bars against the longer one (parallel). The structure is fixed with a bolt.

Gold spray paint is applied to the cord and cartridge. Next, the dried cord is passed through the top hole in the long bar and the cartridge is installed. Place a plug on the remaining end of the cord. The lamp is ready for use.

Tightening the lampshade

The work is carried out as follows:

1. Cut out wedges. The smallest seam allowance is 10-15 mm.
2. Pull the cover over the frame so that the seams lie evenly on the ribs.
3. Seam flaps are smoothed on both sides using a knitting needle.
4. Sew the lapels in a line. As a result, each rib should be in a drawstring sleeve.
5. Leave 1.5 cm of lapels unstitched near the top and bottom rims.
6. To ensure uniform tightness, the ribs are trimmed with cuffs not along the circumference, but along the largest chord.
7. Straighten the fabric, bend the lapel located at the bottom. Next, the lower rim is sheathed in the same way as the ribs.
8. Straighten the fabric again and trim the top rim.

Other options

There are other options for creating a lampshade for a table lamp, which make it possible to realize original design ideas.

Lamp shade made of varnished paper:

1. A so-called blank is glued from ordinary paper.
2. Treat the paper with acrylic varnish.
3. As soon as the varnish has dried, the lanolin composition is rubbed into the blank twice.
4. The blank is entangled with a thread treated with PVA glue.
5. Finish the work by fixing the lampshade cover with glue to the frame. The latter includes the lower rim, mounting ties and washers for the chuck.

Synthetic fabric lampshade:

1. Using the blank described above, you can make a rigid lampshade without seams from synthetic fabric. After cutting out a truncated cone (with a small allowance), the blank is covered with the resulting cut.
2. The fabric is secured at the edges with paper clips.
3. An acrylic composition is applied to the middle part of the fabric.
4. The paper clips are removed from the dried canvas and the outer edges are processed.
5. The inner flaps are trimmed, and fishing line is placed in the bends and secured with glue.

The lampshade can also be made from writing paper. In addition to paper, you need thread, PVA glue, scissors and a sewing needle.

Another option: a lampshade made from plastic glasses. The structural elements are fastened with a stapler.

A lampshade made of threads looks very original. A hard ball is used as a mandrel. The mandrel is sequentially lubricated with Vaseline and glue. Then a thread is wound around it (at least 100 m of thread will be needed). A special hole is left for the cable and cartridge. After the glue dries, the ball is blown off, and the dried threads form a durable lampshade.

You always want to decorate your home, and when you have the funds for this, then you can buy designer items. But any exclusive thing is first made by the hands of a master, and then can only be made by hand.

Well, if one person has already done it, then we can repeat it. So, I suggest not spending money on goods in the store, but making a chandelier with your own hands and thereby creating a unique flavor in your home.

I have several friends who, horrified by the price tags in the store for lighting fixtures, created a chandelier themselves. And it turned out beautifully. A friend created a lamp for the nursery from threads, and an acquaintance created as many as two lighting fixtures from wooden planks. And you won’t immediately realize that it’s handmade; it looks quite original and interesting.

But masterpieces can be created from absolutely anything, even from trash.

Have you seen how in famous TV shows they create lamps from broken saucers or spoons and forks, or even from graters?

It’s absurd, but even if you can make something digestible out of this, then, using your imagination and choosing nicer materials, you can do everything yourself.

I found a few ideas that I also liked, but I’ll express my opinion a little later.

Ideas from scrap materials

Still, many people are given the ability to see beauty in their surroundings. Just think what craftsmen make from wire, paper, or even a sewer pipe.

Paper also makes masterpieces, such as circles of white paper or butterflies. And everything is done simply.

Many identical paper blanks are made and sewn together.

And then attached to the frame.

Here are the results of this technology for making a paper chandelier in the photo, borrowed from Facebook. But here the blanks are not sewn together, but glued together. I think that sewn ones look neater.

Well, if you have a tea set lying around, then you can also build a beautiful lamp for your dacha.

The main thing here is to carefully cut out the bottom of the cups so that they do not crack or burst.

Chandelier made of wood and wooden planks

But with the help of wooden boards you can make a very modern and beautiful chandelier. After all, the texture of the wood is very noble and looks interesting in different color combinations.

You can simply coat the block with oil, which will give it a shade of honey with beautiful natural veins, or you can paint it in wenge color. The main thing is to varnish it to make caring for the chandelier more convenient.

We will need:

• Eight blocks
• Wood oil or varnish,
• A couple of cartridges
• Frosted glass.

We take our bars, cover them with oil and varnish and let them dry.

We assemble the blanks and fasten them with bolts.

We secure the cartridges and hide the cord.

Insert on the front side frosted glass and hang it by screwing in the light bulbs in advance.

The light is diffused and soft.

Not everyone knows where to get frosted glass, so this version of the chandelier can be made lighter.

For example, by attaching ceiling lights to the frame. As in the photo.

Well, for a snack there is also the option of a chandelier, which, by the way, is also made by hand!

So don't say it's not possible and beautiful thing It cannot be done at home. I assure you otherwise.

Making a lamp from plastic bottles

Plastic bottle and disposable tableware can also transform into a wonderful chandelier. The main thing is to show a little imagination. But the designers have already done a lot for us, so I’m presenting an option for a master class in making it from plastic.

We will need:

• Three liter bottle
• Plastic disposable spoons,
• Cartridge,
• Energy saving lamp,
• Glue gun.

We will make the frame of the chandelier from a bottle, cutting off its base to create a hole at the bottom.

Now we are making a lot of blanks, for this we cut off the stem of the spoon, we will use only its base.

And on glue gun We begin to glue the base of the spoons to the bottle.

You need to start from the bottom. Each subsequent layer removes all the sloppiness of the bottom one.

Once you've collected layer by layer, then it's the cartridge's turn.

We only insert an energy-saving light bulb into it so that the plastic does not melt.

And we hang it from the ceiling.

You can use only plastic bottoms from containers for the chandelier, fastening them together, as shown in the photo.

And it’s better when all the bottles are the same color and transparent.

Can you imagine using plastic plates to create beauty? The only negative is that such a chandelier will not provide enough light and it will be difficult for it to illuminate a fifteen square room.

This is an option for non-main lighting or for use in small rooms.

A ball of thread for a children's room (step-by-step instructions)

But it is also possible to decorate and illuminate a children's room with a homemade chandelier made from natural material- from threads or rope. Well, I’m still for environmental friendliness.

We will need:

• Threads,
• Needle,
• Petrolatum,
• PVA glue,
• Balloon,
• Ceiling lamp.

First, inflate a balloon of the required size and tie it.

After this, we make a small hole in the bottle with glue with a knife, thread it into the needle and pierce the bottle with glue with it and bring it out into the hole. This way our thread will be completely wet with glue.

And we begin to wind the adhesive thread around the ball until it becomes as tight as you would like.

Now you need to dry the glue, so hang the ball and leave it for twelve hours.

After drying, you need to take a needle and pierce the ball. It will either begin to deflate or burst.

We take the cartridge and trace its dimensions on the lampshade with a marker, cut out a hole with scissors. And at the bottom we also make a hole for further connection of the lamp.

But you can wrap the cartridge with wire or hem it with thread.

By the way, you can use the same technology to create square lamps and lampshades.

You will need all the same materials, but instead of thread we use a tourniquet.

1. We select a box of the required size, cover it with cling film and a rope dipped in glue, cover the box in any order to the desired density.
2. This design takes a day to dry. After the rope acquires its color, we begin to pull out the box from below.
3. Now we insert the lampshade into the holder and hang it from the ceiling.

Both cardboard and a water hose are used to make a chandelier, but time and imagination are needed everywhere.

Here are some cardboard ideas.

I really liked many of the options, but I still prefer clear glass in the chandelier. Took it off, washed it and got a lot of light. But you need to work with glass skillfully, so I didn’t write here the process of making a complex version of a lighting device.

A wooden options add color to interiors rustic style or .

Decorating the house yourself is a favorite pastime of many housewives; this article reveals how to make a lamp with your own hands. You can revive the interior of a living room, bedroom or hallway using improvised means, just by changing the shade of a chandelier, floor lamp or table lamp. Do-it-yourself lamp shades can be used not only in residential interiors, but also in cafes, pubs, and pizzerias.

Selection of materials and lamps for the lamp

Products made for children's rooms must be made from natural, non-toxic materials and painted with environmentally friendly paints.

When manufacturing, you should also remember fire safety, so lampshades made of flammable materials made from paper, plastic, feathers or threads should only be used with lamps that have a low heating temperature.

You need to use LED or fluorescent lamps. They have a number of advantages:

• long service life;
• minimal heating of the base from the glass part;
• the light has three shades: warm, cold, neutral.

In addition, such lamps are also called energy-saving; their only drawback is their high cost.

It is also advisable to have a specialist connect the wire to the socket. You should not try to perform this operation yourself, as this may lead to undesirable consequences. It is more convenient to decorate an existing lamp frame or make it from durable and not very heavy materials.

To create lamps they use following materials: scissors, mounting knife, fishing line, wire, pliers, hot gun, in some cases it can be replaced with super glue. They should be used by an adult; it is unacceptable to involve a child in gluing. Since in one case he will get a burn, and in another he may glue his fingers together or stick to the parts of the future product.

What can a lampshade be made from?

Many craftsmen make lamps from completely unnecessary materials:

• from plastic or glass bottles;
• newspapers, thin or colored paper;
• artificial or natural threads;
• dried branches of unusual shape;
• disposable spoons;
• old disks.

Plastic lamp

You can easily make a homemade chandelier from plastic containers of different sizes.

1. For the base you need to take a 5 liter bottle. The bottom is cut off from it. Then circles with a diameter of 1.5 cm are drawn on the surface. They need to be cut out with a mounting knife or small scissors.
2. The bottom of the bottles for decoration is cut off and the entire surface is cut with scissors into strips 0.5 - 1 cm wide, then the workpiece is heated over a lit burner. When exposed to heat, the stripes will take on a chaotic appearance.
3. Then the blanks are inserted into a 5-liter container with holes, and with inside The lids are screwed on. Then a wire is threaded through the large neck and the lampshade is installed. For such a lampshade you need to use an energy-saving lamp.
4. In some interiors you can find a fancy lamp made on the basis of an ordinary hanger or straw hat. In general, limit the scope of imagination of both home craftsmen and professional designers can't do anything.

Glass bottle lampshade

A very interesting version of a homemade chandelier is made from glass bottles. They are used to decorate the halls of catering establishments. This is also a good option for a kitchen in a residential building or apartment. This can be a lampshade consisting of one or several bottles, the bottom of which is cut off. You can do this yourself, but it is better to use the services of a workshop where they cut glass and mirrors.

How to use thread

For a lampshade made of threads or ribbons you will need: a ready-made frame made of strong wire, threads different colors, scissors, glue.

1. The frame consists of two rings connected to each other by metal pieces. You can make it yourself from strong wire.
2. One color or several shades of thread is required.
3. A thread is secured to the bottom, then it needs to be pulled through the top ring, lowered down and thrown through the bottom ring. You need to make sure that the thread is taut and the turns fit snugly against each other. As soon as the thread runs out, you need to attach the next piece to the bottom ring.
4. Carefully trim the remaining threads and glue them on the back side.

Spoons for lamp

You can make a multi-tiered, colored lamp from ordinary disposable spoons.

1. It is necessary to make a frame from wire; for a round small lamp you need to make three circles with a diameter of 12, 18, 26 cm. Then the circles are fastened together using fishing line. The largest diameter will be at the top; there should be the same distance between them.
2. In the spoons you need to make a small hole with a thick needle at the top of the handle.
3. Spoons are painted with acrylic paints in three colors, for example, yellow, orange, red.
4. Assembling a homemade chandelier: cut the fishing line to a length equal to the distance between the circles. A spoon is tied to one end of the fishing line, and the other to the frame. You need to tie spoons to the lower circle of small diameter yellow, to the middle - orange and to the top - red.

Lightweight and elegant lampshade

For a paper lampshade, paper or thin cardboard is suitable. Such a lampshade can be either rectangular or square. First you need to think about the size of the lampshade; the larger the room, the wider the structure can be. In a small nursery or hallway, a lampshade with a diameter of 30–35 centimeters will look good.

The frame can be made of wire; it will consist of an upper and lower part; consider making a lampshade in the shape of a cylinder.

1. You need to make two circles of wire of the required diameter. They are connected to each other using a fishing line, the distance between the lower and upper frames is 12 - 15 cm, the hoops are fastened with fishing line in three or four places. How larger diameter base, the more connecting elements need to be made.
2. You can draw circles on a piece of paper different diameters, figurines of cartoon characters. Outline drawings can be taken from the Internet and printed, then redrawn using carbon paper. A special ruler is suitable for drawing circles, or you can outline lids or buttons of different diameters. Some designs are cut out completely with a stationery knife, others are cut along the contour.
3. The paper is tried on the base and glued with an overlap. Then glued to the wire; it can also be secured with thin wire. To do this, first make a hole in the paper with a thick needle or awl, then thread the wire and carefully tie it to the frame. It is advisable to glue thin paper, as it can easily be damaged.

Exclusive lampshade made of metal basins

1. Cans made of any metal are used; an interesting option would be made from copper or aluminum containers. An old, used basin will also work. If there is a through hole in it, it needs to be welded or sealed, for example, epoxy resin.
2. Inner surface you need to paint it a light color so that the light reflects as much as possible from it.
3. The outer surface can be painted in a dark, rich color that harmonizes with the interior.
4. A fringe about 5 centimeters long is glued to the bottom of the headband with hot glue. In the central part of the basin you need to make a hole for the wire. It can be drilled with a drill or pierced with a nail.

Such a lampshade can be decorated with a mosaic of CDs. To do this, the discs are cut into small fragments with sharp scissors, which are glued to the outer surface of the pelvis. You can glue only the bottom outline and paint the rest. Or decorate the entire surface of the lampshade with such a mosaic. The more convex the surface, the smaller the disc fragments should be.

Natural materials

An original lamp can be made from a dry branch of an unusual shape. It needs to be cleared of bark and covered with stain, then, if desired, treated with clear varnish. The branch must be attached to the hook on the ceiling using regular fishing line. Then I wind the wire with the lamp onto the branch several times. A branch entwined with several wires looks beautiful.

You can make a lamp from plastic hangers. Described in detail in the video:

Lamps for different rooms

DIY bottle chandeliers are more suitable for the kitchen. Structures made of glass or plastic will be easy to clean from dust and wash if necessary. For the kitchen, hallway or living room, a lamp made of natural wood.

For a children's room, a lampshade made of painted plastic bottles, a floor lamp made of bright threads, or a paper composition would be more suitable. The last option cannot be called durable, but this is the option that children will like. Girls will like a lampshade with butterflies and plant elements; boys will like designs with cars, superheroes or bright plastic lampshades.

In some cafes and pubs they are used for hall decoration. original lamps from bottles. These could be beer bottles. They can serve as a lampshade for light bulbs, or be an interesting frame for a lamp.

Ideas for homemade lamps by location

You can give it a new look with your own hands floor lamp. You can decorate the lampshade with fabric, threads, paper with cut-out patterns, and you also don’t need to ignore the base and leg of the lamp. They can be painted with acrylic paints, glazed, and decorated with beads. The decor of the lower part of the floor lamp should echo the elements in the upper part. The simplest option is to decorate the lampshade in a single color with lace or guipure.

Decorating lamps

The lower part of the lampshade made of threads can be decorated with pom-poms same size hanging on a thread. They are glued to the inside of the frame with glue. Pompoms can hang at the same or different heights. They can be made in one color or combined several shades.

To decorate paper lamps, you can use lace, thick tulle, and beads of different sizes. Decorate glass jars Or bottles can be glass pebbles, which can be purchased at hardware stores. You can also use buttons of different sizes and colors. Small buttons can even be glued to PVA.

On new year holidays It is customary to decorate the Christmas tree, but you can also decorate the shades of lamps and floor lamps. Here you can use regular rain, hand-cut snowflakes, Christmas tree figures, decorative balls and a regular garland. If a wall or floor lamp is installed energy saving lamp, then its lampshade can be decorated with paper snowflakes.

Wall sconces are installed in living rooms, bedrooms, and children's rooms. After repairs, you can use old sconces, only by changing their appearance. You can paint the body of the lamp in a light color, and apply bronze or silver paint on top with a hard bristle brush to create a patina effect. If the lampshade is glass, the desired pattern is applied to its surface using a glass stencil. Here you can use contour paints (they are used to create stained glass) or aerosol paints.

A DIY table lamp is one of the most available ways decorate the interior and give it individuality. As long as professional and amateur designers don’t mock them! The reason is simple: in terms of the ratio of functionality and opportunities for creative expression to the required costs of materials, labor and skill, the table lamp is firmly among the leaders among household items. In this article, we’ll see what you can do with it without particularly straining your hands or wallet. Just a fiction.

Which one should I do?

Rack-mounted table lamps (item 1 in the next figure) illuminate a work area that does not require rapid movement of the light spot across the table surface: dressing table, desk. Decoration options in in this case the largest. Technically, the design of a table lamp on a stand is the simplest. There are practically no possibilities for quickly adjusting the size of the illuminated area. Light adjustment working area is possible if there is a thyristor voltage regulator in the lamp, but the spectrum of emitted light changes significantly.

The great advantage of rack-mounted table lamps is the ability to obtain relatively by simple means so-called cosecant-square radiation pattern (DP) of the illuminator, see also at the end. A cosecant square pattern provides almost uniform illumination of the working area within a certain angle φ (see figure on the right), which sharply reduces fatigue from intense intellectual work.

Lamps on a breakable hinged bracket (item 2) are more suitable for technical creativity. Lamps on a pantograph bracket at home are impractical and technologically complex, and making a lamp on a flexible bracket at home will cost more than buying a ready-made one.

The design of a table lamp on a breakable bracket is limited to laconic and utilitarian forms. The design is more complex than that of a lamp on a stand, primarily due to the requirement for electrical safety, see below. The possibilities for quickly adjusting the light in the work area are wide both in terms of the size of the illuminated area and its illumination with a constant spectrum.

Console table lamps (item 3) are less common in everyday life, because for stability they require a heavy base and, most often, a counterweight, which complicates and increases the cost of the design. There are fewer possibilities for quickly adjusting the light in the work area for console lamps than for lamps on brackets, but it is possible to obtain a cosecant square pattern.

Table lamps without raising the light source above the supporting surface are no longer table lamps, but night lights (item 4). The fundamental difference between both is that the working area with certain requirements It doesn't have a night light for light. Accordingly, the light from a night light can be whatever you want, as long as it doesn’t harm your health.

Design

In any type of table lamp you can highlight the trace. design elements:

• Electromechanical – ensures the stability of the lamp and the safe supply of power to the lamp socket.
• Support – supports the illuminator or reflector and, possibly, allows you to change its position.
• Illuminator - an electric light bulb in a lampshade or reflector.

Electromechanics play a role in the design of a table lamp only insofar as it can be hidden in the lamp support. The design touches come in the form of support and illuminator. In stand-mount lamps, as a rule, the main aesthetic load is carried by the lampshade, and the stand complements it; in hinged ones it’s the other way around. But there are plenty of exceptions to this rule.

Electromechanics

The electrical circuit of a table lamp is simple: power plug, cable, switch, light bulb socket. Sometimes a voltage regulator is added. An E27 pendant lamp socket (for a lamp base of a regular width, item 1 in the figure) can only be mounted on an M10 or M12 threaded shank. The cartridge for a narrow E14 minion base is also mounted on a thread or on a lamella in the form of a steel strip; the socket for it is shown by a green arrow in pos. 2. For a table lamp, chandelier sockets (item 3) with screw-on threaded flanges are best suited: between them you can clamp a steel faceplate with a lampshade frame or a clamp for mounting on a hinge. Drawings of the E27 electric chandelier socket of various modifications are given in pos. 4.

It is necessary to make a table lamp in such a way as to ensure its electrical safety. This is especially true for hinged and console lamps. Making your desk lamp safe is quite simple:

1. The cable must be round and double insulated.
2. The conductive cores of the cable are flexible, made of many wires. Core cross-section from 0.35 sq. mm.
3. Places where cables are routed through conductive or damp-prone structural parts must be protected with sufficiently strong flexible dielectric bushings, cuffs or elbows.
4. The cable inside the lamp structure should not be stretched.

The diagram of the mechanical part of the support with a weight of a homemade rack-mount table lamp is shown in the figure:

Before insertion, the cable from the inside (highlighted in color) is tied in a knot or pulled through the holes of the dielectric fixing washer so that by pulling it from the outside, the cable cannot be torn inside. Decorative finishing made of polymer clay (plastic, cold porcelain) on a block made of trimmed plastic bottle- the best option at home, but, of course, only one of many. If you want, for example, to carve the decorative shell of a stand out of wood, please, as long as it fits properly on the mechanics. However polymer clay how the material for a table lamp stand allows you to realize the most original ideas its decor and fully satisfies safety requirements: dried polymer clay is a mechanically strong, non-wetting, non-flammable dielectric.

Original supports

It is not necessary to fence the support of a rack table lamp, which is quite complex and requires turning work, if its lampshade is light, for example. made of thread (see below) or thin hard plastic, and it is not intended to place a light regulator or other electronics in the support. In this case, a fairly stable lamp support is obtained from a “pot-bellied” glass bottle with a wide bottom, pos. 1 in Fig. A narrow bottle can be made heavier by throwing pebbles (item 2), steel balls, etc. into it. The lampshade holder is secured to the neck with a standard threaded plug or a piece of hard EPS polystyrene foam, ground into the neck thread.

The hole for the cable in the bottle is drilled using a thin-walled tubular diamond drill. But glass is not at all the same as tile, so you need to drill it like this:

• The bottle is placed on its side and secured securely.
• A plasticine side 2-3 cm high is molded around the future hole.
• Water is poured into the resulting hole.
• They drill under a layer of water at no less than 2500 rpm with the most gentle and smooth feed.

How to make a table lamp from a Jack Daniels whiskey bottle, see the video below:

Video: DIY bottle table lamp

Such a lamp will organically fit into steampunk and other technogenic-utilitarian styles. Just don't make the mistake of trying to make it a lampshade out of flower pot or any other utensils. Technogenic-utilitarian styles are not a meaningless pile of rubbish; their concepts are clearly thought out. Interior elements for them should be related to industrial, and not agricultural or food production. A lampshade, for example, is needed from a tin reflector from an old production pendant lamp on a pantograph, a car headlight, a small spotlight, etc.

In Fig. shown on the right is still very original version the supports of a “real big” table lamp are made of... rope! It is done this way:

1. The rope is taken from natural organic braid 6+1, i.e. 1 strand along the axis and 6 around the circumference;
2. A section of rope is stretched by hand and loosened, simultaneously turning in different directions against the direction of twisting of the strands;
3. The axial strand is carefully pulled out and a thin-walled one is inserted instead. copper tube with a fishing line threaded into it for tightening the cable;
4. The rope with the tube inside is tightened by turning it with your hands in the direction of twisting the strands;
5. The ends of the rope are firmly secured to the tube by winding with a cord;
6. Tighten the cable into the tube;
7. The workpiece is bent and knitted in a knot. You need to bend it little by little, carefully, so that the tube does not break;
8. The rope is tightened once again, picking up any ruffled strands, and impregnated with acrylic varnish.

Note: the tube should be taken for air conditioning systems, made of oxygen-free copper. The red copper gas or electrical pipe in the assembly will probably break.

Hinge Features

The mechanical part of a table lamp with an articulated arm is more complex. The lamp shown on the left in the figure does not meet electrical and fire safety requirements: the cable is clamped in flammable parts and may become strained when handling the lamp. Its hanging loop can be caught in the semi-darkness by a hand or a sharp object.

The cable to the light bulb socket in a table lamp on a hinged bracket should be routed along dielectric fireproof elbows either between the sidewalls of its links, or, if the hinge link is solid, along its top, in the center and on the right in Fig. In this case, the cable must be secured to the hinge link. If the hinge links are tubular, the cable is routed inside them. In any case, Ω-shaped cable loops with a diameter of 60 mm or more, but not less than 12 cable diameters, are made over the kinks of the hinge links. At the transition of the cable from the bracket to the illuminator, an Ω-loop is made from 90 mm, but not less than 20 cable diameters.

The balance of a table lamp on a hinge varies widely and it is quite difficult to ensure its stability with a weight. Because of this, manufacturers sometimes come up with such systems that it is easier to shine a flashlight than to adjust the light from such a miracle, see fig. left. Therefore, table lamps on hinges are often equipped with screw terminals.

A small carpenter's clamp is excellent as a screw clamp for attaching a homemade table lamp to a tabletop, see fig. right. Better clamp for lamp from furniture store: costs less, holds more reliably. The grip of the clamp is wider, and the lamp can be attached to a tabletop of any conceivable and inconceivable thickness. You need to ask the carpentry shop, because... jaws of metalwork clamps without a soft coating.

A clamp is converted into a lamp holder using a socket made of a steel tube with an internal diameter of 10 mm and a length of 120-150 mm. The tube contains approx. A longitudinal cut is made halfway along the length, with a width equal to the thickness of the clamp holder. The socket is attached to the clamp with through bolts. A steel pin with an eye, which is the fixed link of the lower hinge of the lamp bracket, is inserted into the socket tightly, but not tightly. Hooks for hanging chandeliers with the end bent into a ring are good here; the thread does not prevent them from turning smoothly in the socket.

When adapting a clamp to a lamp holder, you need to remember that its holder is made of highly carbonized steel; This is so that the jaws of the clamp do not give way under the back pressure of the compressed parts. High-carbon steel is very hard and quite brittle, so you need to drill it with a carbide drill at 800-900 rpm with a gentle, smooth feed. Do not hit with hard objects or try to bend the clamp clamp!

Illuminator

This table lamp assembly should give the right light into the work area and is often the main decorative element. Here you should first of all note that compact, lightweight and economical LED illuminators (see figure) only shine well in 3D models. In reality, their light is still far from satisfying the medical and sanitary requirements for local work lighting.

Reflectors

The illuminators of table lamps on a hinge are made to be reflective; the lampshade for them is too bulky and heavy. The reflector needs to be selected parabolic; it gives a fairly concentrated and even light. You can make a single conical reflector yourself, but the light from it is uneven, tiring for the eyes, and a lot of it is wasted “scattered” to the sides. Reflectors of good articulated table lamps are made with a reflective surface of the 4th order of curvature (for example, “Hobby”, which has not lost popularity for more than 20 years), but it is unrealistic to build one yourself.

The solution, if a suitable reflector is not available, is to use a krypton incandescent lamp with an internal reflector; conscientious manufacturers also have it of the 4th order of curvature. In this case, the manufacture of the illuminator comes down to installing a shell of any shape around the light bulb from any sufficiently strong and lightweight material, protecting the lamp from accidental impacts.

The reflector of a table lamp illuminator on an articulated bracket must have an opening or holes at the top for the exit of heated air. Fluorescent lamps-economies and LEDs seem to heat up weakly, but from being in a heated air cushion their resource is sharply reduced, and they are not cheap.

Shade

The illuminators of rack table lamps are made in the form of a light bulb. Its purpose is not only to be a fertile field for decoration, but also to be a partially translucent reflector, providing the necessary illumination of the working area of ​​a given size. The lampshade for a table lamp can be made hard frameless or soft with a frame. The frame of the lampshade is most often made of wire in the form of a truncated straight cone, on the left in the figure, with simple (in the center) and complex (on the right) curvilinear elements.

The simplest way to cover a straight conical lampshade is with pieces of tape. It is labor-intensive, but the good thing is that the outer surface turns out smoothly curved, without breaks. The seams on the rims of the lampshade are masked with ruffles (item 1 in the next figure), braid, fringe, etc.

There is no point in cutting the fabric in the form of a truncated cone to cover a conical lampshade, because... As a result of tightening the material, the lampshade will not be conical, but faceted, pyramidal. It will be easier to sew a lampshade cover from wedges, the patterns of which are built step by step without using any geometry:

• A sheet of thin cardboard or thick, rigid paper is placed on the frame section;
• Cardboard/paper is attached to the frame with an elastic band or tape;
• The outline of the pattern is drawn from the inside, this will give the shortage of fabric necessary for tightly covering the lampshade;
• The fabric is taken from satin, twill or staple weave;
• Cut so that the warp threads of the fabric are oriented along the longitudinal axis of the pattern.

The finished lampshade is often decorated with rosettes, bows, etc. For such a case there is an interesting design technique: the main fabric is thin, highly translucent, colorful, and the rosettes are sewn in pale pastel colors or very light ones, pos. 2. In the light, the lamp stands modestly in the interior, but when turned on in the dark, everything lights up.

How to cover a lampshade

An embroidered cover can simply be thrown over the frame of a lampshade with complex curved ribs (with a “waist”) and tightened with ribbons (item 3), thread, and an elastic band. But according to the rules, covering a lampshade with fabric is done like this:

How about in a different way?

There are other ways to make a table lamp shade, allowing you to embody a variety of original design ideas in the material. For example, a dummy mandrel is glued from ordinary writing paper (item 1 in the figure) and impregnated twice with acrylic varnish. After the varnish has dried, lanolin is rubbed into the block several times until it stops being absorbed. The lanolin-coated blank is wrapped with a thread pulled through PVA glue, as when making Christmas tree decorations with your own hands. A device for pulling thread through PVA is shown in Fig. lower right. The finished hard lampshade cover is fixed with drops of glue onto the frame, which in this case can only consist of the lower rim, fastening ties and a faceplate for the luster socket.

A rigid seamless lampshade made of thin synthetic fabric is made on the same block. A cut cut like the development of a truncated cone (with an allowance) is used to wrap the block. The fabric is fixed at the edges with paper clips and impregnated with acrylic varnish with a wide stripe in the middle. When the varnish is dry, the paper clips are removed and the edges are impregnated from the outside. The paper is torn out from the dried lampshade. The inside of the cuffs is trimmed, a thick fishing line is inserted into the bends and secured with drops of glue.

A frame with curved ribs can be braided horizontally with strips of fabric (item 3) or narrow ribbon, newspaper tubes, straws, etc. For lighting technology, ordinary propylene twine is excellent, but its aesthetics are... not that great... Finally, a soft textile cover for the lampshade can be sewn with a simple straight sleeve along the diameter of the lower rim, and gathered at the top, pos. 4.

Quite original

The following 3 table lamp shade options are outwardly extravagant, but provide very good lighting performance. Which, by the way, cannot be said about many homemade textile lampshades. For example, we buy (stealing is a sin, as Captain Barbosa from Pirates of the Caribbean would say) a milky plastic shade for a street lamp. Not that expensive, ideal light transmission with light diffusion, and does not break. And below there is a wide opening through which enough light will come out for local working lighting. We decorate the outer surface of the lampshade with decoupage on a transparent basis or paint it by hand. What happens in the end - see in fig. But this, of course, is an option for an amateur who is resistant to psychedelic influences.

A plywood or glued board lampshade (see next figure) due to internal reflections has good light transmission and greatly softens the light. You can even put an LED light bulb with a frosted bulb into a table lamp with it. The rims are embroidery hoops of different diameters. In the same way, you can make a table lamp integrated with a lampshade (on the right in the figure). It will take up a lot of space on the table, but it looks original, “ecologically”, and the light produces a very soft, non-tiring light.

A table lamp integrated with a lampshade can also be made from the same wonderful material -; in a thin layer it is translucent. The jellyfish lamp (see picture on the right) is made from this very material. The manufacturing procedure is as follows:

Green lamp

Look through old photos of Lenin, Stalin, Churchill, Roosevelt, Theodore or Franklin Delano, Mahatma Gandhi. Or, if you like, with Hitler, Mussolini, General Tojiyo, Chiang Kai-shek. And check out their table lamps. Really, they look like the one on the left in the picture? Which in the USSR was not sold to “the general population”? And which gave birth catchphrase"green lamp"?

“Green” luxury table lamps, antique and modern

“Green Lamps” are still produced and sell out well. True, judging by the prices (on the right in the figure), they have not become more accessible to ordinary citizens. The secret of the “green lamp” is in the lampshade made of green glass painted in the mixture, covered on the inside with a translucent (more precisely, 3/4 transparent) layer. The shape of the lampshade corresponds to a very specific mathematical law. Within a wide range, approx. 3 lampshade diameters, the working area of ​​the “green lamp” pattern is almost cosecant-square, and then its illumination very smoothly turns into a greenish twilight. He slightly raised his gaze from the papers - his eyes and mind were resting.

If you want an ordinary metropolitan apartment to resemble a place of unique beauty in appearance, then in order to achieve this, you can use one of the most popular methods today.

Some invite designers home, while others simply take the initiative own hands and is looking for how to make a lamp with your own hands in order to quickly and easily transform the space in the apartment to your liking.

Of course, in order to get started, in any case you will need a certain amount of various available materials, as well as certain knowledge in the assembly and subsequent installation of electrical appliances.

If you have never encountered the latter before, then you should not be upset right away, since absolutely all the rules can be found freely available on the Internet and there is nothing complicated about them.

Basic principles of proper lighting in a room

The use of absolutely any lighting device must first of all meet the main principle - ensuring accurate access of light in a predetermined space.

Where and how the lighting source will be located will subsequently have an impact on the overall perception of the interior of the room.

Moreover, if you look at the photo of the lamp, the following goals become obvious:

• Achieve the maximum working atmosphere;
• Create interesting decorative effect for relaxation;
• Focus on a specific part of the room;
• To illuminate locally a space needed, for example, exclusively for personal needs.

Thanks to the installation of a table lamp, you can easily achieve high-quality lighting access in a specific place.

What color scheme will be fashionable this season?

Of course, a lamp shade plays a special role in the external transformation of a room. So, for example, if the design of the room was originally made exclusively in dark shades, then in order to liven it up a little general view room, you can, for example, make the table lamp bright green.

One more in an interesting way giving the room originality is to paint the simplest lampshade with interesting lines and even geometric patterns.

Most designers recommend using this option if the room was originally designed in fairly warm colors. It is worth noting that this option is not recommended for use in children's rooms, since lighting in a certain tone will be more common for them.

Speaking of exclusively neutral color solutions, especially highlight various monochrome shades, as well as the popular this season sea green, gold, shades pink color. Any of these colors can lift your mood in just a few minutes.

Sequence of actions when creating a lamp

Despite the fact that many are sure that it is extremely difficult to make a lamp with your own hands, in fact, for the work you will only need a few simple elements that can be purchased in almost any store and, in general, creating a lamp is not difficult to work with.

The first thing you need to do is be sure to draw up for yourself detailed plan. This is necessary so that there is a clear idea of ​​how much material will be spent in the future on installing electrical equipment.

In addition, it is necessary to take measurements in the room, namely, find out what the distance is from the location of the device to the point where it can be connected to the network in the future. This will also have an impact on how much money you have to spend.

It is also important to take special care to ensure that the assembly and subsequent installation process is completely safe.

If you assume that the work will in any case necessarily involve direct contact with various chemicals, then it is worth preparing an apron, gloves with goggles, and forced exhaust.

Pay attention!

Safety measures are definitely not something that should be neglected, since when creating a lamp with your own hands, the process should give you extremely pleasant emotions.

DIY lamp photo

Pay attention!

Pay attention!