Hood 

How I insulated the facade with warm plaster. New product - warm plaster


Making warm perlite plaster with your own hands

You probably already noticed that all compositions for warm plaster contain components that cause them thermal insulation properties. Most often it is perlite or vermiculite; mixtures with expanded polystyrene are also found. It is their low thermal conductivity coefficients that allow, on average, to obtain good values ​​for finished coatings. By using such additives together with or instead of certain fillers, such as sand, as well as binders such as gypsum or cement, you can be sure of mixing a mixture with the desired properties.

Unfortunately, prices for ready-made mixtures do not inspire confidence. What if you prepare the solution yourself?! Moreover, individual components, such as cement, perlite, lime, are relatively inexpensive. For example, a ton of M500 cement can be bought for 3000-4000 rubles, 20 kg bags of slaked lime - 170 rubles each, perlite (grades M75 or M100) - approximately 1500-2000 rubles. per cubic meter If the amount of work is large and the budget for implementation is limited, then it’s time to get creative. We offer you several recipes for making warm perlite plaster with your own hands.

  • 1 part cement to 1 part sand and 4 parts perlite (calculated by volume) is mixed with water until the required consistency is obtained (thick sour cream);
  • the proportions of cement and perlite by volume are 1 to 4. So, for 375 kg of cement you will need approximately 1 cubic meter of perlite sand. The mixture is mixed with 300 liters of water; PVA glue can be used as a plasticizing additive in a volume of 4-5 liters. The glue is mixed in water, to which a dry mixture of perlite and cement is subsequently added;
  • the volumetric ratio of cement and perlite is 1 to 5. For 290 liters of water, use 4-4.5 liters of PVA, 300 kg of cement and a cube of perlite;
    - by volume: 1 portion of cement, 2 portions of sand and 3 portions of perlite. As an additive, liquid soap or PVA can be used in an amount of no more than 1% by weight of cement;
  • 270 liters of water will require a cube of perlite and 190 kg of cement;
  • 1 volume of cement, 4 volumes of perlite, approximately 0.1% by weight of cement, PVA glue;
  • the volume ratio of cement to perlite is in the range of 1:4÷1:8. The additive can be liquid soap, detergent for dishes, PVA – up to 1% by weight of cement;
  • pre-prepare the mixing solution (hereinafter referred to as RZ): dissolve the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) in a measured volume of water in a volume of 0.5% of the expected volume of warm plaster, as well as plasticizers - 0.5% by weight of the subsequently added cement. All components are thoroughly mixed and the solution is allowed to settle until the viscosity of the CMC increases. Further variations are possible depending on what density the plaster needs to be obtained (bucket - 10 l). For example, for 12 liters of RZ add 12 liters of cement, 2 buckets of perlite, 2.5 buckets of sand (the density of the resulting solution is approximately 1500 kg per cubic meter). For the same volume of RP, 1.5 buckets of sand, 3 buckets of perlite, 1 bucket of cement are poured - a mixture with a density of 1200 kg per cube is obtained. For 20 liters you can mix about 5 buckets of perlite, 1 bucket of sand, 12 liters of cement - we get a solution with a density of about 800-900 kg per cubic meter

All these PVA and liquid soap can be replaced with superplasticizers, for example, from Poliplast. This component is very important, because it determines the behavior of the solution and the mixture’s need for the volume of mixing water.

You must understand that any recipes are given for guidance only. To achieve success, you will have to experiment with the ratio of components, check the resulting solutions in operation

And only after the mixture is ideal for your finishing conditions, you can mix large volumes. Special attention Pay attention to the water absorption capacity of thermal insulation components. They actively retain moisture, which, if there is a lack of mixing water, can affect the technology of hardening the cement mixture.

In conclusion

If you do not perceive warm plaster as the only solution for insulating a residential building, but only as an opportunity to bring the thermal characteristics of the building to the required values, then the result will not be long in coming. Using such a solution, you can simultaneously level the base and give it new properties. And don’t be afraid to experiment with making your own plaster – it will cost less than buying ready-made mixtures!

Advantages and disadvantages of insulating with plaster from the inside

Warm plaster has unique properties. Using only it, you can solve the issue of waterproofing, insulation and final finishing of walls with one technological procedure. The advantages of plasters containing particles as fillers are especially pronounced. rocks- perlite, expanded vermiculite, that is, mixtures of the most “advanced” type.

Thanks to the polymer additives included in the mixture, this plaster has excellent adhesion to any wall materials: aerated concrete, metal, ceramics and others.

Warm plaster easily allows air to pass through, while retaining water without getting wet. Therefore, walls covered with this material are protected from mold. In addition, warm plaster is biologically resistant, so the formation of microflora in it is excluded. By treating the walls of a room from the inside with this material, you can not only insulate it, but also make it cleaner environmentally.

The effectiveness of insulation using such plaster is high not only due to the low thermal conductivity of the material, but also due to its close contact with the surface of the walls over their entire area without the formation of any cold bridges.

Another remarkable property of warm plaster is its fire resistance. Unlike expanded polystyrene and other similar insulation materials, insulating plaster coatings excellently protect walls from intense heat and open fire without collapsing. Moreover, the layer of plaster does not have to be thick.

According to manufacturers promoting warm plaster mixtures to the market, this material, applied to the walls in a layer of 2 cm, is equivalent in its thermal insulation qualities to a masonry of 2 bricks or a concrete wall about 1 m thick

Taking this fact into account, it is easy to calculate how much the weight of the structure will decrease and how much materials can be saved thanks to warm plaster. However, other experts consider this opinion to be quite controversial in terms of the asserted relationships

It’s just that applying this material is much easier than traditional insulation with its fastening, primer and finishing layer. By the way, during a work shift, a team of three people can treat more than 80 m2 of walls with a warm mixture.

In addition to the above advantages, warm plaster has other unique properties: the complete absence of toxic inclusions, the material is made from natural ingredients, undergone heat treatment; at any temperature, the plaster is environmentally friendly; it does not decompose, does not burn or freeze.

The disadvantages of the material include the following:

  • Warm plaster made from polystyrene foam granules requires finishing coating. This does not apply to mixtures containing rock fillers.

The high price of plasters based on perlite, pumice and vermiculite.

The need for layer-by-layer application of material to the walls. A thick coating applied in one layer has a high probability of sliding off the wall under the influence of its own weight.

ULTRA-THIN LIQUID THERMAL INSULATION ASTRATEK

Thermal insulating polymer coatings ASTRATEK are modern multifunctional composite materials based on a polymer binder, special fillers and targeted additives. ASTRATEK coatings combine high thermophysical and performance characteristics with economic efficiency.

ASTRATEK is a highly porous thermal insulation material that works by implementing a blocking mechanism (creating high thermal resistance) of 3 types of heat transfer - convection, conduction and radiation. The microporous structure of ASTRATEK during heat transfer reflects and dissipates more than 76% of the input thermal radiation. Due to low thermal conductivity, the heat flow in the thickness of the material is “weakened”; low emissivity reduces the level of output heat flow and ensures a reduction in heat loss.

ASTRATEK line of thermal insulating polymer coatings:

ASTRATEK is a universal base composition for various applications, with high and stable adhesion to metals and building materials. ASTRATEK coating is temperature-resistant, weather-resistant, vapor-permeable, and contains corrosion inhibitors. ASTRATEK façade is a weather-resistant, highly viscous composition specially designed for thermal insulation of vertical surfaces. The coating applied to the wall from the inside or outside forms a single seamless surface, retains heat throughout the entire volume of the room, which has a positive effect on the microclimate.

ASTRATEK metal is a special composition with increased adhesive and anti-corrosion characteristics, resistant to UV radiation and chemicals (solutions of salts, acids, alkalis, some types of petroleum products). The coating increases the service life of the insulated surface and protects against corrosion.

Water-dispersed paints and primers:

Universal primer - has high penetrating ability and increased adhesion, facilitates subsequent painting, and reduces paint consumption. Contains additives to kill and prevent the development of fungi and mold. Specially designed for preparation for application of ASTRATEK façade polymer coating and GROSS paints.

Metal Primer - An environmentally friendly replacement for traditional metal primers. Operating temperature up to +200°C. Specially formulated for preparation for application polymer coatings ASTRATECH.

Water-dispersion paints - Decorative and protective coatings for high-quality painting of building facades on plastered, concrete, brick surfaces. Designed for outdoor and interior work. Material color - white base A, base C. Tinting according to the RAL catalog. Packing - 14 kg buckets; 4.2 kg; 1.4 kg.

DIY recipe for making thermal insulating plaster

The insulating layer for interior decoration and warm plaster for the facade have different recipes. Here are several options for preparing the solution.

Warm plaster for interior work, for indoor work you will need dry ingredients: 3 parts sawdust, 1 part cement, 2 parts crushed paper, mix well, add water, use a drill with an attachment to bring it to a homogeneous plastic mass.

For external and internal work, a universal solution: 1 part cement, 4 parts perlite or vermiculite, plasticizers as recommended by the manufacturer, can be replaced with PVA glue (approximately 0.05 g per 1 bucket of cement), water.

From natural materials: 0.2 tsp cement, 1 tsp clay, 2 tsp shredded paper soaked in water until doughy, 3 tsp. sawdust, water.

Thermal insulation plaster for external work: 1 part of cement, 3 parts of perlite, plasticizer as recommended, 1 part of expanded polystyrene foam, crushed into grains of no more than 3 mm, propylene foam fiber - 0.5 g per bucket of cement, water.

Note: When applying a layer of 50 mm, the average consumption is 18-25 kg of solution/m2, depending on the filler.

We offer you a video tutorial on how to properly apply insulating plaster for exterior use. mechanized way.

Purpose

Although the thermal insulation properties of this material are higher than those of ordinary plaster, but it cannot replace the full insulation of a house with mineral wool or expanded polystyrene, but it will be a good addition.

  • facade insulation;
  • heat and sound insulating material for finishing internal and external walls;
  • insulation of balconies, verandas, door and window slopes, stairwells etc.;
  • sealing floor joints, cracks and cracks;
  • heat insulator for well masonry;
  • material for finishing works indoors;
  • insulation of water supply pipes;
  • thermal insulation of floors and ceilings.

Plaster facade is durable, practical and beautiful

Recently, plastering wall insulation has become the most popular technology for both urban and suburban buildings.

Today it is difficult to find any building that would not decorate its façade with decorative plaster.

This type of finishing work has become truly widespread, and all thanks to the following qualities:

  • Significant reduction in space heating costs;
  • Not required internal insulation walls;
  • Insulation under plaster can be mounted on any type of facade;
  • Relatively inexpensive and uncomplicated type of work;
  • A huge variety of plastering materials, which makes it possible to radically change the appearance of buildings;
  • Reliable coating that is resistant to sudden changes temperatures;
  • Perfectly solves the sealing problem.

But most importantly, plastering the facade insulation does not create additional load on the building structure and at the same time provides it full protection from destructive environmental influences.

Thermal insulating plaster mixture

Thermal insulation mixtures "Umka" are ready-to-use dry mixtures,
which, after mixing with water, form a solution of excellent plasticity with a high level of adhesion, which is designed to provide thermal, hydro and sound insulation of walls, floors and roofs of houses, buildings and premises.

Thermal insulating plaster is a material that is created using the latest technologies and developments in the field of building thermal physics. When insulating buildings, thermal insulating plaster is not required. additional insulation such materials as mineral wool or polystyrene foam, simply apply the plaster to a dry, clean wall. Can be applied to all types of solid substrates ( brickwork, concrete, aerated concrete, ceramic block, shell rock, etc.). The material is used as decorative finishing, a finishing layer for the surface of a wall made of aerated concrete, foam concrete, ceramic block, thermoblock, etc., which meet the requirements of building thermal physics for wall material, but require additional insulation.

The use of heat-insulating plasters can increase heat savings by up to 40%. Thermal insulating plaster mixtures "Umka" consist of 98% inorganic substances, which makes them environmentally friendly and safe. This allows them to be used not only for external, but also for internal work. They are non-flammable material.

Thermal insulating plaster mixtures "Umka" protect buildings from the influence of rain, sun, wind and other natural factors, prevent the outflow of heat outside during the cold season, thereby reducing heating costs and keeping the room cool in the summer.

The effective thermal insulating filler for warm plasters is based on granulated silicon expanded in a vacuum. After a rather complex technological process, very light and durable balls are obtained. Their structure consists of many small pores, the size of which is larger than an air molecule, but smaller than a water molecule. This gives this material unique properties - it does not absorb water, but allows air to pass through, which allows the walls to “breathe” while maintaining waterproofing properties. Warm plasters based on expanded materials have a very low coefficient of thermal expansion - 0.000014, which means that the plaster layer on the building will not crack after winter frosts. Such materials retain their properties in the temperature range -260...+1200 °C.

Thanks to their water-repellent and “breathable” properties, Umka thermal insulation mixtures contribute to the timely removal of moisture, and thereby prevent the appearance of mold and mildew on the surface of the walls and in the middle
structures, creating a healthy, safe living environment. Complete environmental friendliness is a key requirement for modern housing, and is implemented 100% in the Umka material, because it does not contain carcinogenic substances, therefore it is safe for humans.

"Umka" has perfect white on the wall, the material is easy to use when applied to any type of wall surfaces without preliminary priming and mesh reinforcement, it can be applied either manually or by machine. A wall covered with Umka thermal insulation material, like a thermal fur coat, does not have a single cold bridge.

The use of the Umka material increases the overall thermal resistance of the wall by 40% of the calculated value due to the complete drying of the wall material and waterproofing protection from the external environment. Thus, load-bearing wall remains in a dry state throughout the year without absorbing dry moisture from the outside, which is not achieved when using insulation systems based on polystyrene foam and mineral wool.

Thermal insulating plaster mixtures "Umka" meet all sanitary and hygienic requirements adopted in Russia and are recommended for use in housing and civil construction.

Main characteristics of thermal insulation
plaster mixtures"UMKA"

Price issue

In conclusion, let’s say, the insulation for a facade under plaster can be either ordinary polystyrene foam, extruded polystyrene, or mineral wool. There are no better or worse materials, each insulation suits you relatively. Knowing the properties of each material, it is necessary to think about how to compensate for the shortcomings

If it is important for you to live in a house with natural ventilation, good indoor microclimate, it is better to use vapor-permeable mineral wool rather than polystyrene foam. If you want to save money, but are ready to lose quality, use polystyrene foam, but think it through forced ventilation in the house

Extruded polystyrene foam is denser and lasts longer, but regular foam is cheaper and may be easier for you to replace when it wears out.

Mineral wool is vapor-permeable and does not burn, but it costs three times more and can absorb water if installed incorrectly. If stone wool gets wet, it will lose all its energy-saving features.

  • Ordinary polystyrene foam PSB-S 25 costs 1500 rubles/m3;
  • Extruded polystyrene foam costs 2800/m3;
  • High-density mineral wool (at least 120 kg/m3) costs 4800/m3.

Each insulation is certified for use and can be used in systems plaster facade. Now you know the properties of each, choose according to the set of characteristics you need.

Insulating the facade with mineral wool under plaster involves the creation of a multi-layer “fur coat”, which includes. Insulation under siding.

Similar publications. Insulation for outside walls of a house under plaster. DIY siding installation: instructions for dummies.

To plaster facade by insulation had beautiful view, apply the next ball of plaster mixture. The challenge is this.

under insulation suitable finishing and siding, and plaster. As you can see, it is difficult to find an exact answer to the question of which is better - a wet facade or siding.

Wet insulation loses up to 90% of the energy saving characteristics declared by the manufacturer.

This porous lightweight material is used as insulation under plaster for walls both inside and outside the house.

Thermal insulating plaster types and features

In the formulations of warm plasters, some of the components of conventional leveling compounds are replaced with materials that can be used to enhance the thermal insulation properties of the hardened mortar. For example, quartz sand or part of it is replaced with perlite, vermiculite, polystyrene foam, etc. additives in in bulk form. Cement or gypsum can be used as a binder. In the first case, the finished composition is suitable for external and internal finishing, in the second - only for internal work due to the high hygroscopicity of gypsum.

The main part of the dry mixtures presented on domestic market, is a perlite plaster. Expanded perlite is used as a filler, which in appearance may resemble coarse sand or fine gravel of a grayish-white color. The material is quite light - bulk density is around 200-400 kg per cubic meter. m. depending on the grain size. It is somewhat lower for expanded vermiculite. The density of this additive to plaster is approximately 100 kg per cubic meter. m. (bulk). Another property that must be taken into account when using thermal insulation solutions is the high hygroscopicity of hardened coatings. The hygroscopicity of the material is up to 5 volumes of water per 1 volume of expanded component.

Despite the high water absorption coefficients, vermiculite and perlite plasters can be used for external insulation of a building. The main thing is that they are not directly exposed to precipitation, and the steam passing through the walls of the house does not linger in the coating.

The low density of the solution components ensures a reduction in the mass of the finished coating, which can be taken into account when designing a house. There is an opportunity to reduce the load on the foundation and rely on a cheaper foundation for construction.

A short video about plaster based on polystyrene foam.

Two videos on how to prepare warm plaster with vermiculite.

Types of liquid insulation for walls

Modern heat insulators can be divided into groups according to different indicators. We will give the most common classification.

Liquid foam

Today the construction market offers several types of such insulation materials.

Polyurethane foam (PPU)

The material is developed on the basis of liquefied urethanes, which, under the influence chemical reaction form a foamy substance, expanding almost 50 times. After 24 hours, the mixture finally hardens, forming a durable, finely porous layer, reminiscent in structure polyurethane foam. Apply polyurethane insulation using a special spraying installation that delivers the contents to the surface under high pressure.

Polyurethane insulation is applied using a special spraying installation

Penoizol

Penoizol differs from the previous thermal insulator in its lower price, lower density and poor thermal conductivity. This budget option is made by urethanes, which belong to the urea-formaldehyde group. In terms of efficiency, it can be compared with traditional insulation (foam or mineral wool). The material is also applied under high pressure using a spray gun. The finished volume, as a rule, does not exceed more than 30 times the original mixture.

Polynor

Another heat insulator based on heterochain polymers. Available in small cylinders. One container is enough to finish 1 square. m when applying a layer thickness of about 60 mm. Compared to other materials, Polinor is much more expensive, and therefore it is not profitable to use it for large rooms. A convenient container with a nozzle allows you to apply insulation without preliminary preparation material.

Warm paints

They contain ready-made additives that do not require pre-foaming.

"Corundum"

The Russian brand that produces this insulation provides a guarantee for its products for up to 15 years. The material has a uniform viscous texture with high adhesion to various surfaces. Corundum is applied with a spatula or paint brush. It can also be sprayed, but must first be diluted with water.

The manufacturer offers several variations of thermal insulation:

  • "Facade";
  • "Winter";
  • "Anticor";
  • "Fire protection";
  • "Lotus";
  • "Classic";
  • "Waterproofing";
  • "Sanitary";
  • "Foundation".

"Armor"

This thermal insulation is produced by a Vologda company that has copyrights to the insulation composition. The paint has a fairly thick consistency, allowing it to adhere well to any surface. It has water-repellent properties and can also be used as a waterproofing coating. Like the previous mixture, “Bronya” is available in several versions:

  • "Classic";
  • "Light";
  • "Standard";
  • "Universal";
  • "Facade";
  • "Metal";
  • "Wall";
  • "Fire protection";
  • "Volcano";
  • "North";
  • "Winter";
  • "Anticor".

"Akterm"

The country of origin of this thermal insulator is Russia. The company produces paints intended for two types of work: insulation and waterproofing. The Akterm product line is represented by 13 formulations with different technical characteristics:

  • "Concrete";
  • "Metal";
  • "Anticor";
  • "Facade";
  • "Standard";
  • "North";
  • "Volcano";
  • "Akterm - NG paint";
  • "Anti-condensation";
  • "Fire protection";
  • "Hydrophobizer";
  • "Zinc";
  • "Plast".

When using Akterm thermal paints for walls or facades, you can add different colors to them.

"Astratek"

Another Russian brand that ranks first among manufacturers of modern liquid insulation. The paint has a uniform texture, the consistency resembles a suspension. This liquefied structure allows it to be applied not only with a paint brush, but also with a sprayer. The manufacturer produces several variations of formulations:

  • "Facade";
  • "Metal";
  • "Universal";
  • "Anti-condensation".
"Corundum" "Armor" "Akterm" "Astratek"

Ecowool

The composition of this environmental material includes several components:

  • recycled cellulose;
  • minerals;
  • boric acid;
  • wood;
  • waste paper

The thermal insulator is well suited for insulating floors, as well as areas of walls where condensation often forms. The ecowool market is represented by several brands:

  • Greenfiber – has thermal and waterproofing properties, absorbs noise;
  • Ekovilla is a heat insulator with high technical performance and a long service life;
  • Termex – is characterized by increased environmental friendliness;
  • “Ecowool Extra” - used mainly for residential buildings or apartments;
  • “Equator” is made using European technologies, observing international standards.

Ecowool is well suited for wall insulation

Thermal insulating plaster contains cement-sand mixture and fillers that provide thermal insulation. In the domestic market this building material appeared recently. It is mainly used to create additional thermal insulation. The main advantages of the mixture: ease of use, strength, and the ability to be applied to different surfaces.

Compared to other materials, it has low thermal conductivity. The basis of ordinary plaster is sand. Thermal insulation also contains components that reduce its density and ensure the proper level of thermal insulation. The building material is based on binding components, the most common of which are gypsum, cement and lime.

The mixture is used for various purposes. Warm plaster for external use has a special composition: components are added to it that improve hygroscopicity. Gypsum and lime options are used for interior work. The universal product contains cement. Compositions of this type can be used for both exterior and interior decoration. Thermal insulating plaster for interior work, as well as a universal composition, are available in the form of powders. Before use they are diluted with water. Some builders prepare the bulk mixture themselves. However, it is recommended to purchase it from a reliable manufacturer.

Insulation is ensured due to the content of large additives in the product (they can be porous) and special fillers, which are most often used as sand, sawdust and glass.

Thermal insulating plaster includes water-repellent additives that release air. Antiseptic elements and plasticizers act as additional components. They are needed so that the mixture retains its properties.

Tests have shown: if the mixture is applied in a layer of 6 cm, thermal insulation will be provided as from two layers of brick. If winter is frosty, you should pay attention to this product. The mixture is applied to materials that allow cold to pass through. It can be used to seal gaps left after installing tiles.

Advantages and Disadvantages

Warm plaster has a number of advantages:

Like any building material, the mixture has some disadvantages:

Filling options

Various elements are used in the composition of building materials.

Preparing the mixture

The mixture purchased at the store must be diluted with water according to the instructions. It is not recommended to use the entire composition at one time, as in this case it will not be possible to obtain the correct consistency. Mix the mixture thoroughly and leave for 4 minutes. During this time she will “ripen”. Experienced craftsmen prepare warm plaster in this way: take 4 kg of vermiculite and mix with 1 kg of cement powder. The solution should be thick. After cooking, it is kept for 15 minutes.

The principle of applying building materials

First of all, you need to clean the surface, then prepare a solution of the correct consistency. The mixture is applied to a moistened surface, so it adheres better. The walls are plastered according to the lighthouses. As such they use fixed metal profiles. To check evenness use building level. If the composition is applied in a thick layer, a reinforcing mesh must be used.

handful mixture is placed on a spatula, rubbed into the wall from top to bottom, then the surface is leveled. The composition retains plasticity for 2 hours, during which time unevenness can be corrected. Next, you need to remove the beacons, and use the same composition to grout the cracks. To level the surface, you can use special grater. If several layers are required, the time interval between them should be 4 hours. The surface becomes dry after 2 days. After 48 hours, finishing is carried out.

Popular manufacturing companies

The mixture of the Umka brand is universal. It is used to decorate walls outside and inside. Umka interacts with brick, concrete, and clay surfaces. The composition is applied manually or using a machine. The material contains basalt fiber. Some builders practice applying a layer of 10 cm.

The Knauf mixture is in demand because it contains expanded polystyrene and substances that provide protection against water. The maximum layer should be 2.5 cm.

The composition of the Mishka trademark contains foam glass filler. The advantage of the component is that it provides waterproof and fire resistance.

The Houncliffe mixture is used as an additional layer of insulation. It contains components of our own production. "Houncliffe" is resistant to fire and moisture. When using this plaster, it is not necessary to apply a protective layer.

The high cost of utilities and energy can push apartment and country property owners to carry out additional work on wall insulation. One of the options for increasing the thermal properties of such bases is the use of special warm plaster. What is it and what kind of coating is there - read about all this in our article.

Thermal insulating plaster: types and features

In the formulations of warm plasters, some of the components of conventional leveling compounds are replaced with materials that can be used to enhance the thermal insulation properties of the hardened mortar. For example, quartz sand or part of it is replaced with perlite, vermiculite, polystyrene foam, etc. additives in bulk form. Cement or gypsum can be used as a binder. In the first case, the finished composition is suitable for external and internal finishing, in the second - only for internal work due to the high hygroscopicity of gypsum.

The main part of dry mixes presented on the domestic market is perlite plaster. Expanded perlite is used as a filler, which in appearance may resemble coarse sand or fine gravel of a grayish-white color. The material is quite light - bulk density is around 200-400 kg per cubic meter. m. depending on the grain size. It is somewhat lower for expanded vermiculite. The density of this additive to plaster is approximately 100 kg per cubic meter. m. (bulk). Another property that must be taken into account when using thermal insulation solutions is the high hygroscopicity of hardened coatings. The hygroscopicity of the material is up to 5 volumes of water per 1 volume of expanded component.

Despite the high water absorption coefficients, vermiculite and perlite plasters can be used for external insulation of a building. The main thing is that they are not directly exposed to precipitation, and the steam passing through the walls of the house does not linger in the coating.

The low density of the solution components ensures a reduction in the mass of the finished coating, which can be taken into account when designing a house. There is an opportunity to reduce the load on the foundation and rely on a cheaper foundation for construction.

A short video about plaster based on polystyrene foam.

Two videos on how to prepare warm plaster with vermiculite.

Plaster Teplon (GK Unis)

You've probably heard about this finishing material like Teplon plaster. This is a ready-to-mix dry mixture based on gypsum binder. A feature of the composition is the addition of perlite, a porous rock of volcanic origin. It is this additive that gives the manufacturer the right to call their plaster warm. Teplon mixtures can be used for interior decoration premises. The coating turns out to be relatively light, allows you to level the base and give it additional sound and heat insulation properties.

Types and technical characteristics

At the time of writing the review, the company produced four types of plasters under the Teplon brand. Moreover, three of them are intended for finishing dry rooms and actually have some thermal insulation properties, and the fourth, moisture-resistant modification is not positioned as “warm” (the thermal conductivity coefficient is not specified for it).


Remember that such coatings are highly hygroscopic, so we can talk about the advisability of their use only if the humidity in the room is normal. We are talking about “warm” compositions. And do not forget that you need to insulate the walls from the outside, not from the inside. Accordingly, using completely different materials.

To be fair, we note that the thermal conductivity coefficient of Teplon plaster is 0.23 W/(m×°C), and that of thermal insulation materials such as extruded polystyrene foam, ordinary polystyrene foam and mineral wool – 0.029÷0.032, 0.038÷0.047, 0.036÷0.055 W/( m×°C) respectively. And we remember that the lower this value, the better the heat-shielding properties are characteristic for the same thickness of the material. What does it mean? And the fact is that achieving the same thermal protection of walls when using warm Teplon plaster is more difficult than when installing a special thermal insulation material.

Work technology

  1. Requirements for temperature and humidity conditions for work are standard: from +5 to +30 °C at relative humidity up to 75%. Because All brands of Teplon plaster are produced using gypsum binder, then the condition of the base must be appropriate: clean, dry, without damaged or poorly adhering parts of the wall material. Work surface primed with concrete active (for smooth concrete foundations) or deep penetration soil (for cellular concrete and other hygroscopic materials). Subsequent operations begin after the soil has dried.
  2. Installation of plaster beacons is carried out according to the standard scheme; only the appropriate brand of Teplon solution is used to attach the beacons.
  3. To obtain a solution of the desired consistency, add a kilogram of powder for every 450-550 ml of water. When using a moisture-resistant brand of water, take less - 160-220 ml. Mix using a special mixer or a puncher with a stirrer. After this, the mass is left alone for 5 minutes. and mix again. Further fate plaster is determined by the value of its viability.
  4. The resulting composition is applied to the walls manually or mechanically (for the MN composition) in a layer 5-50 mm thick. The thickness of the ceiling covering is less - 5-30 mm.
  5. An hour after mixing the solution, the layer of plaster is trimmed along the beacons using the rule. At this stage, all coating defects are corrected: depressions, bumps, waves, etc.
  6. If it is necessary to apply a layer with a thickness of more than 50 mm, then this is done in several stages: layer by layer, after the previous coating has hardened, treated with a primer and over a plaster mesh.
  7. On final stage surface glossing is possible. It is started 2 hours after trimming the set mortar. The coating is wetted clean water, rub with a special sponge grater, and the emerging milk is smoothed out with a wide spatula.


Umka

Some Umka plaster mixtures are also positioned as warm: UB-21, UF-2, UB-212. In addition to heat and sound insulation properties, the manufacturer is distinguished by the environmental friendliness of the compositions, their hydrophobic properties, non-flammability and frost resistance.

Compare brands of heat-insulating plasters Umka
Comparison criterion UMKA
UB-21 UB-212 UF-2
Brief description For all types of stone bases for interior and exterior decoration For walls made of gas silicate and hollow ceramic bricks. Thin-layer, for interior and facade work Finishing layer for finishing any type of stone bases, inside or outside. Thermal insulation properties are an option. In general, plaster is decorative in nature.
Recommended layer thickness, mm 10-100 5-7 up to 20
Volume of water per 1 kg of mixture, l 0,53-0,58 0,58-0,64 0,45-0,47
Consumption of dry mixture, kg/m 2 /layer thickness, mm 3,5-4/10 2,5-2,9/5-7 1,1/2
Viability of solution, min 60 90 60
Thermal conductivity coefficient of hardened plaster, W/(m×°C) 0,065 0,1 0,13
Price/packaging €15/9 kg €18/12 kg

All work is carried out in almost the same order as for Unis products. Because in essence it is a similar product.

Below is a short video about Umka plaster.

Teddy bear

Warm plaster Mishka is suitable for finishing walls made of any materials, both for external and internal work. The thermal conductivity declared by the manufacturer is 0.065 W/(m×°C) - the same as for Umka UB-21 products, which gives rise to some thoughts on this matter. 7 kg of dry mixture is mixed with approximately 3-3.3 liters of water, the solution consumption is approximately 3.5-4 kg/m2 at a 10 mm layer. The cost of a bag (7 kg) is approximately 650 rubles.

Knauf Grünband

Another option for a ready-made mixture from a well-known manufacturer. You can read more about it.

Making warm perlite plaster with your own hands

You probably already noticed that all compositions for warm plaster contain components that determine their thermal insulation properties. Most often it is perlite or vermiculite; mixtures with expanded polystyrene are also found. It is their low thermal conductivity coefficients that allow, on average, to obtain good values ​​for finished coatings. By using such additives together with or instead of certain fillers, such as sand, as well as binders such as gypsum or cement, you can be sure of mixing a mixture with the desired properties.

Unfortunately, prices for ready-made mixtures do not inspire confidence. What if you prepare the solution yourself?! Moreover, individual components, such as cement, perlite, lime, are relatively inexpensive. For example, a ton of M500 cement can be bought for 3000-4000 rubles, 20 kg bags of slaked lime - 170 rubles each, perlite (grades M75 or M100) - approximately 1500-2000 rubles. per cubic meter If the amount of work is large and the budget for implementation is limited, then it’s time to get creative. We offer you several recipes for making warm perlite plaster with your own hands.

  • 1 part cement to 1 part sand and 4 parts perlite (calculated by volume) is mixed with water until the required consistency is obtained (thick sour cream);
  • the proportions of cement and perlite by volume are 1 to 4. So, for 375 kg of cement you will need approximately 1 cubic meter of perlite sand. The mixture is mixed with 300 liters of water; PVA glue can be used as a plasticizing additive in a volume of 4-5 liters. The glue is mixed in water, to which a dry mixture of perlite and cement is subsequently added;
  • the volumetric ratio of cement and perlite is 1 to 5. For 290 liters of water, use 4-4.5 liters of PVA, 300 kg of cement and a cube of perlite;
    — by volume: 1 portion of cement, 2 portions of sand and 3 portions of perlite. As an additive, liquid soap or PVA can be used in an amount of no more than 1% by weight of cement;
  • 270 liters of water will require a cube of perlite and 190 kg of cement;
  • 1 volume of cement, 4 volumes of perlite, approximately 0.1% by weight of cement, PVA glue;
  • the volume ratio of cement to perlite is in the range of 1:4÷1:8. The additive can be liquid soap, dishwashing detergent, PVA - up to 1% by weight of cement;
  • pre-prepare the mixing solution (hereinafter referred to as RZ): dissolve the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) in a measured volume of water in a volume of 0.5% of the expected volume of warm plaster, as well as plasticizers - 0.5% by weight of the subsequently added cement. All components are thoroughly mixed and the solution is allowed to settle until the viscosity of the CMC increases. Further variations are possible depending on what density the plaster needs to be obtained (bucket - 10 l). For example, for 12 liters of RZ add 12 liters of cement, 2 buckets of perlite, 2.5 buckets of sand (the density of the resulting solution is approximately 1500 kg per cubic meter). For the same volume of RP, 1.5 buckets of sand, 3 buckets of perlite, 1 bucket of cement are poured - a mixture with a density of 1200 kg per cube is obtained. For 20 liters you can mix about 5 buckets of perlite, 1 bucket of sand, 12 liters of cement - we get a solution with a density of about 800-900 kg per cubic meter

All these PVA and liquid soap can be replaced with superplasticizers, for example, from Poliplast. This component is very important, because it determines the behavior of the solution and the mixture’s need for the volume of mixing water.

You must understand that any recipes are given for guidance only. To achieve success, you will have to experiment with the ratio of components and test the resulting solutions in operation. And only after the mixture is ideal for your finishing conditions, you can mix large volumes. Pay special attention to the water absorption capacity of thermal insulation components. They actively retain moisture, which, if there is a lack of mixing water, can interfere with the hardening technology of the cement mixture.

In conclusion

If you do not perceive warm plaster as the only solution for insulating a residential building, but only as an opportunity to bring the thermal characteristics of the building to the required values, then the result will not be long in coming. Using such a solution, you can simultaneously level the base and give it new properties. And don’t be afraid to experiment with making your own plaster – it will cost less than buying ready-made mixtures!

Warm plaster has appeared on the domestic market relatively recently and is usually used as an “innovative” type of cladding for interior and exterior work. In other countries, particularly Canada, a similar appearance facade finishing not only already used long time, but perhaps represents main way insulate the facade.

This is explained by the ease of fastening and relatively low cost. Although in our country this type of thermal insulation finishing is used relatively rarely, more and more construction organizations and private owners who want to insulate the facade of their house use warm plaster.

Despite the relatively recent appearance of this type of heat-insulating facade cladding in our country, it is already quite in demand, and many have managed to appreciate its advantages.

A distinctive property of insulating mixtures for external and internal work is the high thermal resistance of the facing layer.

Let's try to understand the advantages, efficiency and wide range of warm cladding solutions.

Composition of thermal insulation plaster

The excellent insulating properties of this type of mixture are explained by their special composition. The filler in the warm plaster mixture is not sand, but substances with low thermal conductivity.

Most often the filler is:

  • expanded polystyrene;
  • sawdust;
  • expanded vermuculite;
  • perlite sand;
  • expanded clay chips;
  • pumice chips.

The most commonly found on the market are warm plaster mixtures for exterior use with polystyrene foam granules. Thanks to this universal filler, plaster for facade insulation receives unique properties.

Foamed foam increases the thermal insulation qualities and significantly reduces the cost of the finished product.

This mixture is used not only for insulating external walls, but also for interior work.

This solution also includes:

  • lime;
  • cement;
  • plasticizers and other additives.

Types of insulating plaster

Among the abundance of warm plaster mixtures for interior and exterior work, the following types are distinguished:

  • mixtures with polystyrene granules;
  • mixtures with wood sawdust;
  • warm mixture with vermiculite;
  • perlite mixture.

Advantages of warm plaster

Depending on the filler properties different types insulating plaster may vary somewhat, but in general some advantages of this type can be identified facing material, which combine all types of warm plaster.

It's simple and comparatively inexpensive way exterior finishing and interior walls home, which can significantly increase the thermal efficiency of interior spaces.

Thermal insulating plaster is the final cladding of the facade. It can be painted in any color, which will not affect the durability and other positive properties of the finish.

Due to the simplicity of molding, it is possible to create molded elements on the facade from the plaster itself. This allows the use of plaster mixtures for the repair and reconstruction of facades of architectural monuments.

Another important advantage of this insulating technology is the possibility of insulating the entire structure without the use of fasteners metal elements, which create “bridges” of cold and reduce thermal insulation properties.

Warm plaster is also an excellent sound insulator, sealing the walls well from external sounds. Another important quality is resistance to ignition, which significantly reduces the fire hazard of the outer cladding.

If you compare heat-insulating plaster with other insulating materials, you can notice many of its advantages:

  • extreme ease of application (not much different from installing a conventional plaster mixture, which can be done either using a special plastering machine or with your own hands);
  • high application speed (with machine application the speed is 80-120 square meters in 8 hours);
  • reduced heat transfer and high physical and mechanical properties;
  • good adhesion to any surface;
  • no need for additional preparatory and finishing work;
  • accessibility and affordable price (insulating plaster mixtures contain only accessible and inexpensive materials).

Application of insulating plaster

Despite the difference in composition, heat-insulating plaster is almost no different from conventional plaster mixtures. Therefore, the method of applying it is so simple that it can be easily done with your own hands. Let us briefly recall traditional way plastering:

  • for plastering work it is necessary to prepare ordinary tools: trowel, a set of different spatulas, a rule, a level and beacons (narrow plastic or metal strips);
  • preparatory work is carried out (contamination, dust, sand and all kinds of irregularities are removed from the surface of the internal or external walls);
  • the walls are primed;
  • a solution for plastering is prepared (warm plaster powder is poured into a volumetric container (the entire bag at once), into which the required amount of water is then added according to the instructions; then the mixture is thoroughly mixed using a construction mixer until a homogeneous consistency is obtained; the solution must stand for at least 5 minutes);
  • beacons are fixed on the plane (the position of the beacons can be verified using a level or a stretched rope; the beacons should be placed in the new plane of the wall, which will be obtained after plastering);
  • then heat-insulating plaster is applied to the wall using a trowel, which is then leveled using the rule (to avoid unevenness, the rule must be rested on the beacons. Please note that you cannot immediately apply a thick layer of plaster, as it may float down. To avoid such a nuisance, it is better to break work in two stages, and apply the second layer of plaster after the first one has dried. Try to apply the solution so that the thickness of one layer does not exceed two centimeters. After hardening (after 4 hours), you can apply a second layer);
  • do not try to apply the heat-insulating plaster in a thick layer (it often happens that a facing layer that is too thick simply falls off after a while under its own weight).

Want more information on the topic? Check out these articles:

Modern market offers quite a varied selection...

Plaster intended for facade work must meet the criteria of quality, strength, and durability.

Plaster for exterior decoration is popular precisely because of its improved quality indicators.

In addition, facing materials of this type They have a long service life, are produced in a wide range, and also withstand natural influences well.

There are different texture options ("", "lamb"), has different composition(,), and also has certain functions (decorative, heat-insulating). To increase the thermal insulation of walls, warm plaster is used.

The basis of this type facade plaster is a dry mixture, which contains various plasticizers, glue, cement sand. The main substance in the composition of this material is hollow substances (granulated polystyrene foam, foam glass particles, sawdust), thanks to which the plaster has thermal insulating properties.

Plasticizers help maintain the elasticity of the material and resistance to temperature changes, and prevent cracking.

The polymers included in the mixture contribute to resistance to mechanical stress.

Insulation of the facade with plaster mixture

Warm facade mixture is much lighter than conventional facing mixtures, but when applying several layers, its weight increases significantly, therefore the foundation must be further strengthened. Like any other material, warm plaster has its advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages

The main advantage of this facing material is its thermal insulation qualities. The composition helps retain the heat of the walls and prevents cold air from entering the room.

In addition, warm plaster:

  • easy and quick to apply;
  • does not require use reinforcing mesh, which reduces costs;
  • does not require wall leveling;
  • has good adhesion properties to any surface;
  • no cold bridges are formed during coating;
  • prevents the appearance of rodents;
  • the main composition of the mixture is of natural origin;
  • frost-resistant;
  • has vapor-proof properties;
  • waterproof;
  • has soundproofing properties;
  • is an environmentally friendly material.

In addition, the facing mixture is durable and does not require special care. Thanks to insulation with such a composition, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the insulation.

Sectional view of the device

Flaws

The main disadvantage of heat-insulating plaster is the additional design: After applying it, the surface should be coated with a primer, and then a decorative coating should be applied.

Besides, total mass The material after application has quite a significant weight.

The cost of warm plaster, which does not require additional coverage, is quite high.

Areas of application of warm plaster

Insulated plaster is used not only to decorate the façade of a building, it can also be used:

  • for the purpose of sealing cracks;
  • for insulation of building walls;
  • when sealing floor joints, as well as for insulating floors and ceilings;
  • for the purpose of insulating the basement of the building;
  • upon registration window slopes, doorways;
  • for insulation of sewer risers for cold and hot water supply.

In addition, this mixture is used not only for exterior decoration, but also for interior work.

Types of warm plaster

Warm plaster is classified depending on the composition of the mixture. Thus, it is customary to divide the material into types:

  • containing granulated polystyrene foam. Suitable option for facade and exterior works;
  • containing sawdust impurities. The composition of this type includes paper, cement, clay. It is advisable to use this mixture for interior work;
  • containing vermiculite (or perlite). This mixture has good antiseptic properties and is optimal for external use.

If the binding component in the composition of warm plaster is gypsum, then this mixture is suitable only for interior work.

For external (as well as for internal) work, the most suitable mixture is the main component of which is cement.

Preparatory work

Before applying warm plaster to the walls, they should be prepared for work.

To do this you need:

  • remove protruding elements in the wall: pieces of reinforcement, brick or concrete protrusions;
  • if there was an old coating on the wall (paint, putty), it should be removed;
  • if there is insulating material or sand in the panel joints, everything must be cleaned;
  • if there are cracks in the wall, they need to be sealed with sealant;
  • degrease and clean the wall surface from dust;
  • treat the wall with primer liquid.

PLEASE NOTE!

In order to ensure high adhesion of the solution to the base, it is recommended to apply a thin layer (from 3 to 5 mm) of the mixture after the primer has dried.

Complete drying is achieved after 24 hours in dry weather, then you can begin applying the main layers of putty mixture.

Mixture consumption

The consumption of the facing mixture per 1 m² is indicated on the packaging of the material.

Depending on the thickness of the layer, the amount of material required is determined:

  • with a layer thickness of 2.5 cm, the material consumption will be 10 - 14 kg per m²;
  • with a layer thickness of 5 cm, the material consumption will be 18 - 25 kg per m².

In addition to the material consumption, you can determine its cost per 1 m².

Effective sound insulation is achieved with a warm layer thickness of 0.5 cm. However, thermal insulation mixture is more often used as insulation, and it is recommended to use fibrous materials to suppress sound.

Do-it-yourself technology for applying warm plaster

For facing work on the facade, you should choose warm, low-wind, dry weather.

The solution should be mixed immediately before application: in the proportion specified by the manufacturer, dissolve the dry mixture in a large container and stir for several minutes. Then wait about ten minutes and mix the composition again to obtain its homogeneity.

The prepared mixture retains its properties up to four hours.

Warm mixture

The solution is applied as follows:

  • beacons should be installed at a distance of 50 cm to obtain an even layer;
  • It is advisable to first apply the solution with a small spatula, then with a large one. The mixture is applied from bottom to top. After covering a meter - one and a half walls, the applied solution should be aligned with a rule;
  • the surplus removed by the rule can be reused;
  • After applying the coating, the beacons should be removed, the holes from them should be sealed with mortar and the surface leveled.

Despite the plasticity of warm plaster, a thick layer can crack. The recommended layer thickness is two centimeters: this way the mixture will not slide down. Each layer is applied on the completely dried previous one, so it will take a sufficient amount of time to complete the coating in several layers.

Reinforcement

If, nevertheless, the thickness of the first layer is 4 cm or more, it is necessary to continue the work sequentially:

  • The first layer is covered with a reinforcing mesh two hours after its application;
  • apply a thin layer of the mixture onto the reinforced mesh and profile with a notched trowel;
  • after 24-48 hours, apply a second layer of solution in the same way as the first.

As practice shows, a layer of 5 centimeters is enough for the result to meet the requirements. This layer has thermal insulation and other properties inherent to this type of coating.

If the need arises, after complete drying facing covering it is decorated with additional materials( , ). You can decorate the surface, ceramic tiles, granite chips and other decorative facing materials.

Before using them, the dried surface of warm plaster should be coated with a primer solution.

Alignment

Thus, warm plaster is not only an external coating that protects the facade, but also an additional heat-insulating material that can reliably insulate the walls of a building. At the same time, it is possible to reduce the cost of the main insulation layer, as well as decorate the walls with an additional decorative coating.

Carrying out work on applying warm plaster will not be special labor. Besides, this type The coating fits well on any walls and does not require additional leveling.

Useful video

Applying warm plaster with your own hands: