The invention relates to hydraulic structures and explosive technology, namely to the destruction of ice on rivers during ice drifts. The installation includes a support platform, supply gas pipelines, and an electric discharger in contact with the cable. A tubular rod connected to the gas pipelines is hinged on the support platform, equipped with a return mechanism, a position lock hook and an electric discharger attached to the end of the rod. The support platform is equipped with a protective fairing, anchors and a position lock grip, made in the form of a rigid bracket and an elastic latch secured to the support platform, equipped with a tension cable. In this case, the tubular rod is made in the form of a package of pipes connected to the supply gas pipelines through flexible pipes, an air collector and a flammable gas collector, and at the outlet of the pipe package, the latter are equipped with check valves. The pipe package is made of pipes of the same diameter, secured with ties, with three pipes for flammable gas and two for air. The return mechanism is made in the form of a pair of torsion springs with hooks attached to the coupler and to the support platform. The electric discharger is made in the form of an elastic steel ruler with connectors with supply cable electrodes fixed in the perforations of the latter. The technical result consists in preventing the formation of ice jams, increasing the level of safety, productivity when crushing large ice floes during ice drift, reducing energy costs and increasing environmental friendliness. 6 salary f-ly, 8 ill.

The invention relates to explosive technology, namely to the destruction of ice on rivers during ice drifts.

Preventing ice jams that initiate floods is largely achieved by destroying large ice floes and ice fields. However, such measures are labor-intensive, often involve significant danger to people, are environmentally harmful and are burdened with significant transportation costs. The use of river flow as a mechanism for moving ice fields to the destruction zone is the most economically preferable, and the use of gas mixtures for explosions is the most environmentally friendly for all blasting operations.

A device is known for reducing the load on hydraulic structures from the action of ice, including lines for supplying explosive gases into the sub-ice space through outlet pipes and a means for igniting the gases, while the means for igniting the gases is made in the form of an additional line with outlet pipes connected to the source of the explosion initiating gas, while the outlet pipes of the mains are made of elastic material and are placed vertically above the mains /SU A.C. No. 1629400, 1991/.

This device is supposed to be used only on hydraulic structures with slow-moving ice masses, which is ineffective and does not solve the problems of congestion in river beds, especially at turns and shallows; the device is low-tech and low-ecological, because involves the use of fluorine oxide.

A device for destroying ice on water is known, including a generator of an explosive gas mixture, an electric pulse generator, an explosive container, characterized in that the explosive container is made in the form of a roll of a tubular gas-tight shell connected at one end to the generator of an explosive gas mixture with a gas hose, and at the other the end is sealed, while pyro-igniters are placed inside the explosive container, and an exhaust cable is fixed outside. /RU Patent No. 2322548, 2005/.

The known device is ineffective, requires the presence of people when preparing an explosion on the surface of the ice cover, and does not solve the problem of ice destruction during ice drift.

The closest is an installation for destroying ice during ice drift, including gas pipelines connected to sources overpressure, an electric discharger with a high voltage source, one gas pipeline is connected to a source of excess pressure of flammable gas, and the other to a source of excess air pressure, and the second ends of both gas pipelines together with the electric discharger are fixed on an installation platform fixed at the bottom of the reservoir, while the electric discharger is made in the form an elastic rod with the possibility of contact with the lower plane of the ice, equipped with discharge electrodes and connected by a cable to a high voltage source. /RU Application No. 2002107060/.

The known installation is not technologically advanced enough in use and storage and in the “standby” mode, is not economical enough and does not provide a high degree of utilization of the explosive gas mixture, and is of limited applicability for initiating a series of small explosions along moving ice fields.

The objective of the invention is to prevent the formation of ice jams, while increasing the level of safety, manufacturability and productivity when crushing large ice floes, moving ice fields during ice drift, reducing energy costs and increasing environmental friendliness.

The problem is solved by the fact that in an installation for destroying ice during ice drift, including a support platform, supply gas pipelines, an electric discharger in contact with the cable, according to the solution, a tubular rod connected to the gas pipelines is hinged on the support platform, equipped with a return mechanism, a position lock hook and attached to the end of the rod electric discharger, the support platform is equipped with a protective fairing, anchors and a position clamp made in the form of a rigid bracket and an elastic latch fixed to the support platform, equipped with a tension cable, while the tubular rod is made in the form of a package of pipes connected to the supply gas pipelines through flexible pipes, a manifold air and a flammable gas collector, and at the outlet of the pipe package, the latter are equipped with check valves, at the same time, the pipe package is made of pipes of the same diameter, secured with ties, with three pipes for flammable gas, and two for air, the return mechanism is made in in the form of a pair of torsion springs with hooks attached to the coupler and on the support platform, and the electric discharger is made in the form of an elastic steel ruler with connectors with supply cable electrodes fixed in the perforations of the latter, with each electrode shielded by a protective conductive visor fixed to the steel ruler.

Distinctive features are:

A tubular rod connected to the gas pipelines is hinged on the support platform, equipped with a return mechanism, a position lock hook and an electric discharger attached to the end of the rod (ensuring the supply of an explosive mixture of gases directly under the edge of moving ice and the reliability of ignition of even small explosive volumes, economical consumption of the gas mixture);

The support platform is equipped with a protective fairing, a position lock grip and anchors (ensuring reliability, longevity of operation, increasing manufacturability);

The latch grip is made in the form of a rigid bracket and an elastic latch secured to the support platform, equipped with a tension cable (increasing the manufacturability and safety of the transformation process from the “standby” mode to the working state);

The tubular rod is made in the form of a package of pipes connected to the supply gas pipelines through flexible pipes, an air collector and a flammable gas collector, and at the outlet of the pipe package, the latter are equipped with check valves (ensuring the required performance when supplying a gas mixture, increasing the reliability of operation);

The pipe package is made of pipes of the same diameter, secured with ties, with three pipes for flammable gas, and two for air (increasing manufacturability, reliability of operation, the ability to automatically fall into the optimal stoichiometric ratio of the supplied mixture of gases at the same pressure of the latter);

The return mechanism is made in the form of a pair of torsion springs with hooks attached to the screed and to the support platform (increasing manufacturability, transformation from the “standby” mode to the working state, “reliability of copying” the lower surface of the ice floes);

The electric discharger is made in the form of an elastic steel ruler with connectors with supply cable electrodes fixed in the perforations of the latter, with each electrode shielded by a protective conductive visor fixed to the steel ruler (increasing the reliability of operation during explosions of the gas mixture, the durability of the electric discharger assembly).

Thus, the proposed solution meets the “novelty” criterion.

Comparison of the claimed solution with analogues did not allow us to identify in them the features that distinguish the claimed solution from the prototype, which allows us to conclude that it meets the “inventive step” criterion.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where Fig. 1 is a side view of the installation, Fig. 2 is a top view of the installation, Fig. 3 is a sectional view A-A installations in the "standby" mode, Fig.4 - return mechanism, view B, Fig.5 - check valve, Fig.6 - installation in the "standby" mode, side view, Fig.7 - electric discharger assembly, Fig.8 - section along V-V electric discharger.

The installation for breaking ice contains a support platform 1 with a protective fairing 2 and anchors 3, a cable 4, a flammable gas supply line 5, an air gas line 6, flexible pipes 7, an air manifold 8 and a flammable gas manifold 9, supports 10, a return mechanism 11 with hooks 12, tubular rod 13, position lock hook 14, electric discharger 15, couplers 16, 17, 18, elastic ruler 19, connectors 20 with electrodes 21, protective conductive visors 22, check valve 23 with perforation windows 24, spring 25 and ball 26, clamp 27 with rigid bracket 28, elastic latch 29 and tension cable 30.

An installation for destroying ice during ice drift is used as follows.

Pre-autumn, before the formation of ice cover, the assembled installation is connected to cable 4, supplying flammable gas gas pipeline 5 and air gas pipeline 6, and in a compact form is installed on the river bottom in the “standby” position and securing the support platform 1 with a protective fairing 2 anchors 3 It is possible to strengthen the installation for breaking ice from the surface of the ice cover through the hole in front of the ice drift. Supply gas pipelines 5, 6 are connected to the system of supply receivers on shore, and cable 3 is connected to high voltage sources (not specified). The tension cable 30 is brought out along the river bottom to the shore.

Before the ice begins to move, the installation is taken out of the “standby” mode by tensioning the cable 30, bending the elastic latch 29 from the bracket 28 and releasing the position lock hook 14. The return mechanism 11, using hooks 12, lifts the tubular rod 13 on the hinge of the support 10 to an almost vertical position. Supply gas pipelines 5, 6 are purged with flammable gas and air, respectively, with the latter entering flexible pipes 7, manifolds 8, 9 and then into the pipe package of the rod 13. When ice moves along the surface of the river, the ice floes tilt and immerse the tubular rod 13 under the ice, while elastically The torsion springs of the return mechanism 11 are deformed and the electric discharger 15 begins to slide along the lower surface of the moving ice floe. In this case, the elastic ruler 19 ensures constant pressure on the electric discharger, and the protective conductive visors 22 protect the connectors 20 with the electrodes 21 from damage. When the installation position is reached close to the central area of ​​the ice floe, the pressure in the supply system rises to the response value of the check valves 23 and a portion of flammable gas and air, dispersed through the perforation windows 24, is mixed to a high-quality explosive mixture. The resulting volumes of the latter explode by applying high voltage pulses to the electrodes 21 and thereby initiating discharges between the electrodes and the protective conductive visors 22. The material of the parts and components of the ice destruction installation is made with strength characteristics many times greater than the strength of ice, and check valves 23, operating in the critical pressure zone, are equipped only with steel parts - spring 25 and ball 26. The supply of portions of the explosive mixture can alternate after 5-15 seconds or more (depending on the area and speed of movement of the ice fields), and the volume of the explosive mixture (in depending on the thickness of the ice) - from 10 to 200 liters. After the ice drift is completed, the installation is again transformed into a compact position of the “standby” mode, and the protective fairing 2 protects the installation from possible impacts from driftwood, snags, etc. until the next ice drift.

An installation for destroying ice during ice drift prevents the formation of ice jams, increases the level of safety, manufacturability and use, productivity when crushing large ice floes, moving ice fields during ice drift, reduces energy costs and improves environmental friendliness.

Formula of invention

1. An installation for destroying ice during ice drift, including a support platform, supply gas pipelines, an electric discharger in contact with a cable, characterized in that a tubular rod connected to the gas pipelines is hinged on the support platform, equipped with a return mechanism, a position lock hook and an electric discharger attached to the end of the rod.

2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the support platform is equipped with a protective fairing, a position lock grip and anchors.

3. Installation according to claim 2, characterized in that the latch grip is made in the form of a rigid bracket and an elastic latch secured to the support platform, equipped with a tension cable.

4. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubular rod is made in the form of a package of pipes connected to supply gas pipelines through flexible pipes, an air manifold and a flammable gas collector, and at the outlet of the pipe package the latter are equipped with check valves.

5. Installation according to claim 4, characterized in that the pipe package is made of pipes of the same diameter, secured with ties, with three pipes for flammable gas, and two for air.

6. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the return mechanism is made in the form of a pair of torsion springs with hooks attached to the coupler and to the support platform.

7. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric discharger is made in the form of an elastic steel ruler with connectors with supply cable electrodes fixed in the perforations of the latter, with each electrode shielded by a protective conductive visor fixed to the steel ruler.

The UZT-100(120) installation is intended for trenchless replacement of failed pipelines by destroying old pipes with simultaneous laying of new ones with a diameter from 125 mm to 900 mm at a distance of up to 200 m. The UZT-100(120) installation is made in climatic version UHL placement category 1 according to GOST 15150-69 and retains its parameters at ambient temperatures from minus 30 to plus 40 ºС.

Advantages of the method

• Reducing the time spent on pipeline replacement;
• Possibility of increasing the flow area of ​​the pipeline;
• Carrying out work without destroying roads and communications.

Carrying out work

The installation is placed in the original pit, after which the rod is pushed into the channel of the pipeline being replaced using hydraulic cylinders. During the pushing process, the rod is expanded through additional sections attached using special locks. After the end of the rod reaches a given point, a destroyer knife and an extender with a drawn pipe attached to it are attached to it. The new pipe is pulled into the channel of the old pipeline until it exits into the original pit.

Distinctive features of the UZT-100(120) installation:

• Possibility of destruction of pipes from various materials(steel, cast iron, ceramics, asbestos cement, concrete;
• Possibility of replacing pipelines with a diameter of up to 900 mm;
• Maximum length broaches - 200 m;
• The ability to simultaneously insert rods into the next section while tightening a new pipe;
• Service staff- 3 people;
• For ease of installation of the rods, it is additionally possible to equip them with a special lifting mechanism;
• The working pressure in the hydraulic system is 25-30 MPa, which makes it possible to significantly reduce the weight and size characteristics and increase the working force of the actuator;
• Can be connected to a hydraulic pump station additional equipment, for example, submersible slurry pumps for pumping water from a pit;
• Easy installation and transportation;
• high-quality Swiss Bieri hydraulic components, which can significantly increase the service life of the equipment.

The complete set of installation UZT-100(120) includes:

• Power point;
• Hydraulic pumping station with diesel/electric drive, with remote control remote control;
• Unit for automatic screwing and turning of rods for installation of sanitation;
• Thrust plate, spacer, set of heads;
• Set of extensions with grips;
• Set of knives;
• Barbells;
• Containers for rods.

Designed for repair of existing pipelines with or without destruction of the old pipe, as well as for trenchless installation in the ground. The installation can be operated from wells with a diameter of 1500 mm. The pulling force is 25 tf, the diameter of the broken pipe is up to 180 mm.

Designed for repair of existing pipelines with or without destruction of the old pipe, as well as for trenchless installation in the ground. The installation operates from a pit. The pulling force is 40 tf, the diameter of the broken pipe is up to 220 mm.

Designed for repair of existing pipelines with or without destruction of the old pipe, as well as for trenchless installation in the ground. The unit can be mounted through a hatch with a diameter of 600 mm. The pulling force is 60 tf, the diameter of the broken pipe is up to 400 mm.

Designed for trenchless replacement of failed pipelines by destroying old pipes while simultaneously laying new ones. The installation operates from a pit. The pulling force is 175 tf, the diameter of the broken pipe is 100-800 mm, the pipe length is up to 150 m.

Designed for trenchless replacement of failed pipelines by destroying old pipes while simultaneously laying new ones. The installation operates from a pit. The pulling force is 255 tf, the diameter of the broken pipe is 150-1200 mm, the pipe length is up to 150 m.

Pipe destruction (rehabilitation) installations are designed for trenchless replacement of old pipelines by destroying them and pulling a new pipe of the same diameter or larger.

In a big city it is becoming more and more difficult to replace engineering communications in an open way, because laws have come into force prohibiting the opening of road surfaces and, moreover, this method more expensive than trenchless.

In cramped urban conditions, it is sometimes easier to lay communications along old lines, taking into account their increase bandwidth than to pull and lay new ones.

Today, the most common methods of trenchless pipeline replacement are the “pipe in pipe” method, i.e. destruction of the old pipe while simultaneously installing a new one. Today, these technologies are used in 90% of cases.

Destruction installations are used for reconstruction various types underground communications: water supply, sewerage, gas pipeline.

Presented different types installations that can be installed through a hatch with a diameter of 600 mm or operate from pits.

The units can operate both from a hydraulic station and from the hydraulic system of construction equipment, using a matching unit.

One of the main activities of Enerprom is the production and sale of pipe destruction (rehabilitation) installations. Leave a request on the website - and our consultants will contact you to determine the complete set of equipment with tools, spare parts and consumables, clarification of price and delivery method.

A Brief Overview of Alternative Methods

When reconstructing capital structures, there is often a need for a high-performance and mobile method of destruction reinforced concrete structures. Typically, explosives, hydraulic hammers, and hand-held electric or pneumatic hammers are used for these purposes. It is known that the destruction of reinforced concrete structures by explosive methods has significant shortcomings. These are the costs of preparing the site, large scattering of pieces of concrete, the likelihood of damage to equipment and communications at a considerable distance from the explosion site.
Hydraulic hammers, as a rule, are mounted on the boom of heavy excavators, which limits their use in cramped conditions. The traditional use of manual electric and pneumatic breakers leads to very high physical costs with extremely low productivity when dismantling even relatively small reinforced concrete structures in terms of volume and strength.
There are other methods, based, for example, on the use of installations that create high pressure in pre-made holes using high frequency currents or special expanding compounds. However, these methods require additional labor-intensive preparation of the object in the form of a grid of holes, performed manually with special hammer drills.

Operating principle and design

At JSC Federal Research and Production Center Altai, as part of conversion programs, experimental samples of a shock-pulse installation using the energy of gunpowder have been developed, manufactured and tested.

It is known that concrete is characterized by high compressive strength and low (an order of magnitude lower) tensile and fracture strength. A blow of great force inflicted on concrete structure, is capable of causing a network of microcracks in it, which, upon repeated exposure, lead to destruction.
The working body of the installation is a firing device consisting of a barrel and a charging chamber with a bolt. The destruction of concrete is carried out by a disposable striker, accelerated in the barrel by a powder charge that burns in the charging chamber. A number of ballistic and design features of this device make it possible to impart a speed of up to 1500 m/s to the striker, which corresponds to an impact energy of up to 2000 kJ with a dead weight of the working body of about 180 kg. One blow (shot) of such force is enough, for example, for complete destruction concrete block dimensions 2.0 x 0.6 x 0.6 m. For comparison: the most powerful hydraulic hammers have a single impact energy of up to 3 - 5 kJ with a working body mass of about 3 tons, and the total mass of the entire mechanism reaches (60 - 80) tons.
To increase the productivity of destruction, ballistic calculations of the parameters of the shot and search experiments were carried out, which showed that the efficiency of the installation increases significantly if, during the shot, the barrel is in extreme proximity to the surface of the object being destroyed, i.e. point-blank shot. In this case, additional destruction is caused by a high-speed gas jet following the impactor and creating pressure in the resulting cracks due to its braking. This method does not require additional preparatory work, such as drilling holes, and is devoid of factors accompanying an explosion (scattering of large fragments, shock air wave). This allows the installation to be used in operating production conditions, for example, directly in factory workshops without stopping them.
The shock-pulse installation is capable of destroying structures made of concrete and reinforced concrete of any brand, brickwork, frozen soil, punch holes in foundations and foundations.

We present to your attention the technology for replacing pipelines using hydraulic destruction.

The method of hydraulic destruction of pipelines consists of destroying an old pipe, while simultaneously pulling a new pipe of a larger or equal diameter underground through the old channel, without opening the road surface.

The need for and advantages of the hydraulic destruction method

The destruction method is the most common method throughout the world. This technology found wide application when replacing cast iron, steel, reinforced concrete and other types of pipelines with polyethylene, almost eternal pipes water supply, sewerage and heating networks.

Objectively, the need for a destruction method is due to the following reasons:

1. City utility networks throughout Russia are 70-90% worn out. The bulk of the steel and cast iron pipelines simply rotted. In these conditions, the development of housing and communal services simply requires the large-scale use of new construction technologies.
2. In cramped urban environments, there is often simply no place to lay communications outside of old pipeline lines. The need for laying communications along old, exhausted routes in our cities is almost greater than laying new pipelines.
3. Gradually, almost everywhere both in large and in small towns tampering bans come into effect road surface, for work carried out in an open pit.

Let us note the main advantages of this technology:

• the work takes place without opening the road surface;
• the pipe is laid along the old channel;
• high speed of pipeline laying;
• relatively low cost of work;
• possibility of increasing pipeline capacity;

Hydraulic Fracture Method Technology

Work begins with the preparation of the receiving and starting pit.

The most important thing in preparing the starting pit is the precise alignment of the destroyer’s working machine relative to the pipe being destroyed. The horizon of the machine must coincide with the horizon of the pipe, which requires certain requirements to prepare the surface of the pit, the thrust wall and the cut of the pipe itself: all these elements must be as smooth as possible. At careful preparation pit, it is possible to avoid movement of the destructive machine in the transverse plane and unnecessary vibrations. In addition, to insure against watering, it is important to prepare the “floor” of the pit by filling it with crushed stone or laying a flooring made of boards.

The requirements for the receiving pit are simple - the main thing is to ensure a convenient entry for the pipe to be tightened.

It is immersed in the pit using a crane, and the hydraulic oil station that powers it remains on the surface. The length of the hoses allows for easy placement of these two main units of the installation.

To work with the destroyer, a steel stop is made. For example, it could be a slab measuring 1.2x2.5 m and 15 mm thick. Otherwise, an installation with a backdraft force of 50 tons or more would bury itself, not finding a sufficient platform for support during the destruction of the pipe.

The hydraulic destroyer rods are progressively twisted by a special mechanism and pushed along the old pipeline channel until they exit into the receiving pit. It is important to note that the slope of the pipe channel from the starting pit to the receiving pit should not exceed 20 degrees, which is due to the flexibility of the destroyer rods.

After the rods exit into the receiving pit, a destructive head is installed, followed by a pipe through a collet. The destructive knife head is selected based on the outer diameter of the pipe being pulled (for example, 110, 160, 225, 325, 425 mm):

When all elements are connected, the installation switches to reverse pulling mode and the process of replacing the old pipe with a new one begins:

Destruction occurs simultaneously with the pulling through of a new HDPE pipe. The fragments of the old pipe are pressed into the channel walls with a crushing head. If the pipe being destroyed is steel, the knife of the destructive head cuts it, and its head opens to the sides. At the end of the destruction process, the destruction head approaches the installation:

The destroyer moves away from the pipe (the rods' own stroke is used as when pushing). Between the destroyer and old pipe the thrust frame is installed. After this, the destroyer drags the destructive head with a new pipe into the pit:

The thrust frame is pulled out of the pit, the entire towing system is disassembled and dismantled. The new PE pipe is stretched and ready for connection:

Instead of a conclusion

Ditch Witch® hydraulic destroyers allow you to destroy old pipes while simultaneously pulling new ones in the most common diameter range in Russia: 110, 160, 225, 315, 425 mm and more.

The advantages of the technology are obvious, but they are most clearly demonstrated by the work already carried out:

For example, to replace 120 meters steel pipe with a diameter of 200 mm per polyethylene pipe with a diameter of 225 mm, excluding the time for preparing the starting and receiving pits, is required six hours of work.

According to the most preliminary estimates, carrying out this work in an open way with subsequent filling and landscaping of the territory will take several days (in the absence of landscaping work) up to two weeks or more.

Note that destroying a pipe with a diameter of 200 mm is not the most difficult task for the Ditch Witch® destroyer. During such work, the power of the 91-ton destroyer is used by no more than 30%.

City Vodokanals will especially appreciate this installation method. Other rehabilitation methods, such as “pipe-in-pipe” technology or restoration of old pipelines, are not always possible or economically feasible. A open method longer, requires larger-scale involvement of equipment and significant labor costs. In the future, soil filling and landscaping will certainly be necessary. Don't forget the main advantage of all trenchless methods laying communications - no need to block traffic when driving under highways.

Let's finish here. The conclusions are obvious to everyone.

Manager of DITCH VITCH Systems LLC,
David Shakhnazarov