Thermally efficient blocks are a relatively young material in construction industry. However, today on the Internet you can find many reviews from home owners who built their homes with their own hands using this building material.

From this article you can find out what a heat block is, what characteristics and requirements it has, and what are the advantages and disadvantages of using this material.

Structure

Traditional warm block has a three-layer structure.

1. The facade layer is made of concrete and has a relief surface. Usually appearance The material appears to be in the form of stone, marble, brick or other similar material. The composition of the layer includes cement, granite, water, several additives to ensure moisture resistance of the heat block, as well as paint. Depending on the manufacturer, granite can be replaced with expanded clay, but Such blocks are much cheaper.
2. The second layer of the block for building houses is insulating, consisting of expanded polystyrene. Its thickness is about 16 cm, and the density should vary around 25 kg per cubic meter, but this indicator should always be checked when purchasing blocks. Often, manufacturers, trying to save money, change the composition of the material, resulting in its density being less.
3. The third layer of the block, regardless of its size and shape, will be load-bearing and is made of expanded clay concrete. This material allows you to reduce the weight of the block and also helps improve its thermal and sound insulation properties. The main function of this block layer for building houses with your own hands is to withstand heavy loads.

1.1 Requirements for thermal blocks

We have figured out what a heat block is, now we offer to find out what requirements are imposed on the blocks during their production:

• first of all, blocks for building houses with your own hands should be as durable as possible;
• ability to resist fire;
• one of the characteristics of the inner layer should be the ability to store heat;
• thermal conductivity should be low;
• excellent sound insulation characteristics;
• low material consumption.

It should be noted that thermally efficient blocks for building houses must meet all these requirements, regardless of their size and shape.

They are clearly stated in regulatory documentation and must be observed by domestic manufacturers when producing blocks.

1.2 Main characteristics

If you decide to build houses with your own hands, then before you do this, It is advisable to understand the characteristics of the blocks. Again, these characteristics are relevant for building a house from blocks of any shape and size:

• the density indicator of the outer layer is 2,300 kg/m³;
• in the case of internal layers, this coefficient is 1,700 kg/m³;
• the strength indicator of the outer layer is 590 kg/m³ and the remaining layers are 140;
• The thermal conductivity index is 0.038 W/m²;
• water absorption coefficient is 0.5%;
• if you are wondering how much the material weighs, then on average it should be no more than 26 kg;
• The thermal resistance of a block with a thickness of 18 cm should be about 4.7 m² kW.

1.3 Advantages and disadvantages

Any type of block, be it Superstone heat blocks or material for building a house with your own hands from another manufacturer, has certain advantages and disadvantages.

The pros and cons are listed below. If you decide to build real estate, then before doing this, you need to familiarize yourself with all the indicators of the material. Let's start with the pros:

• the block itself is environmentally friendly and non-toxic;
• the facade layer is waterproof, so a building built from such blocks will not become covered with fungus over time;
• a house built from heat blocks will always be warm;
• the service life of blocks with all properties preserved can be up to one hundred years;
• according to reviews from owners who built houses with their own hands, as a result of construction the building has super-strong walls;
• shrinkage rate is 9%;
• depending on preferences, as confirmed by reviews on the Internet, if necessary, you can choose any configuration, shape or size, today this is not a problem;
• since when building a house from thermal blocks there is already a facade, the construction time is significantly reduced;
• the ability to choose almost any color and texture;
• excellent sound insulation characteristics of the blocks;
• fire resistance, which we wrote about above, is also a definite plus.

Let's look at the disadvantages. The information provided below is based on feedback from consumers and construction industry specialists, so we strongly recommend that you familiarize yourself with this data before construction.

As you know, there are no ideal building materials, but having familiarized yourself with all the shortcomings in advance, you can make the right decision.

The information below is also relevant for all types of heat blocks with any characteristics, sizes and shapes:

• reduced vapor permeability of the material, as a result of which it can periodically become stuffy inside the built house; to avoid this, we recommend that you consider installing forced ventilation in advance;
• if there are gaps between the blocks, problems may subsequently arise, so when laying it is necessary to take into account that the fit of the materials should be as strong as possible;
• as reviews show, a lot depends on the manufacturer: people often complain that heat blocks have uneven surface or geometry;
• in any case, a wall built from this material must be finished, although this is not a minus, but rather the need to spend money on finishing;
• Due to their heavy weight, working with heat blocks on your own is not particularly convenient.

2 Construction technology

Thermal blocks are a high-tech material of high readiness used for the construction various designs residential, government, industrial or agricultural buildings.

The process of constructing buildings is, in principle, almost no different. from the construction of buildings using foam concrete or expanded clay concrete. Only heat blocks are laid on a layer of specialized glue with a layer thickness of about 2-4 mm. This is achieved as a result of great precision in the production of building materials.

Regardless of the shape, the use of lightweight expanded clay concrete and expanded polystyrene allows for low weight of the structure itself. For example, if we compare the weight of houses made of brick and thermal blocks that are identical in design, then the latter will be approximately three times lighter.

Actually, this is why the load on the foundation of the house is significantly reduced, so the requirements for the strength of the building can be reduced. If you are planning to build one-story house, then according to expert reviews, it is quite possible to use pile foundation with a hanging grillage.

In practice, this approach It even allows you to save on construction costs in general.

2.1 Laying heat blocks

Installation of heat blocks is carried out in one row using glue, which must be diluted plain water just before use. In general, the installation process is carried out quite quickly if several aspects are taken into account in advance:

• correctly calculate the external linear dimensions of the entire building;
• calculate the order layout.

The process itself can be speeded up by using glue, which is mixed quickly and right before laying. Moreover, the consumption of adhesive material is not particularly large.

The only point: only bottom row heat blocks must be installed on cement mortar on top of several layers of roofing felt laid on the foundation.

Then installation is carried out using glue.

To apply the adhesive material, it is recommended to use a notched trowel, which is also used for gluing ceramic tiles. If during installation the heat block becomes uneven, it can be aligned relative to the row using a rubber hammer.

During the leveling process, they may release glue residues must be wiped off immediately, without waiting for the material to dry. We hope the information provided in this article was useful to you and will help you decide on the choice of building material.

2.2 Making foam blocks with your own hands (video)

The AlStroy company offers to buy multilayer building blocks from the manufacturer or order the construction of structures for various purposes from them. It has been economically proven that the cost of laying a multilayer heat-insulating block is up to 30% less than the total cost of erecting a stone box with its subsequent insulation and cladding. What is Heatblock? Construction technologies do not stand still. So, at the beginning of this century, employees of the Research Institute named after. V.V. Leshchnikov developed a new environmentally friendly “sandwich” material called Teplosten. Popularly it received other names: polyblock, thermally efficient, three-layer and multilayer block. This wall material turned out to be much more effective than conventional gas, silicate stones and traditional brick. Houses made from multi-layer blocks with an area of ​​150 m2 are built by a team of masons in just a couple of weeks. However, they are not required additional insulation and execution exterior finishing. Even when purchasing the material, the developer chooses the color and texture of the cladding he likes.

Price: from 104 rub. Order

We offer 12 options for exterior finishing of multilayer blocks for construction!

Rust	Basalt	Rostov stone	Balkan stone	Slate 1
Limestone 1	Limestone 2	Eurobrick	Volumetric rust	Smooth rust

At the AlStroy company you can buy Teplosten in two versions:

• thickness 400 mm;
• 300 mm thick.

The first, 40 centimeters, has dimensions of 400 x 400 x 190 mm, with the facade layer being 70 mm, the insulation consisting of foam plastic (M 25) - 180 mm, and the load-bearing layer (expanded clay concrete) - 150 mm. Such multilayer wall blocks are used in multi-story construction (up to 4 floors), and buildings can be covered with any type of floor - monolith, beams, prefabricated reinforced concrete slabs.

The second multilayer building blocks, 30 cm thick, consist of similar layers, the thickness of which is slightly different: 120 mm - load-bearing, the same amount - insulation and 60 mm - facade. This material is used in one-story construction and for the construction of extensions.

The maximum deviations in the linear dimensions of multilayer heat-efficient blocks do not exceed 3 mm.

This allows the use of mortar, glue or a mixture of them (in a 5:1 ratio) as a material connecting polyblocks. The recommended thickness of the horizontal seam is 0.8 cm, vertical - 0.6 mm. The mortar in the joints is laid between the concrete layers of the blocks - load-bearing and facing. To eliminate cold bridges, professional foam is applied to the seams between the insulation. polyurethane foam, which has a positive effect on the thermal efficiency of the building.

Three layers of polyblock are securely fastened with 2 six-millimeter (in diameter) basalt-plastic rods. They are very durable (withstand tensile loads of up to 4 tons). This prevents the blocks from delaminating during delivery and construction.

Price of multilayer blocks

All developers who have chosen as wall material multilayer block convinced of the correctness of their decision. After all, the final cost of a house made of multilayer thermally efficient blocks is often half less than a brick house of similar size. If you add up the cost of the material required to build the building box in the classic way(load-bearing wall, insulation and cladding), it turns out that even with a wholesale purchase the amount will be at least 30% more than purchasing cheaper multilayer building blocks.

private	private half	corner external	corner internal	window openings
from 168 rub.	from 104 rub.	from 152 rub.	from 188 rub.	from 188 rub.
double-sided window openings	half-shaped window openings	doorway	half doorway	waist
from 188 rub.	from 104 rub.	from 193 rub.	from 107 rub.	from 105 rub.

The next saving point is the delivery of three-layer stones. Instead of delivering traditional materials to the construction site three times, we will bring only one - a thermally efficient block. This will also save the developer a lot of money.

The AlStroy company organizes delivery of multilayer blocks throughout the Russian Federation.

Using our own line for the production of multilayer blocks allows us to minimize the costs of buyers for purchasing this building material first-hand. For all our products, we provide a quality certificate confirming the reliability and environmental friendliness of the product.

Characteristics of houses made of multilayer blocks

As the name of the material suggests, buildings with monolithic multilayer walls have excellent thermal efficiency indicators. Thus, practice has confirmed that they save heat in a building 4 times better. Owners of polyblock housing save on heating costs winter period up to 30-35% and do not experience overheating in summer.

Another positive factor in using a heat block is their slow cooling. A traditionally insulated and tiled house cools down completely in 3-4 days during the cold season. Polyblock housing will be cooled within 2 weeks. The next advantage of using multilayer thermally efficient wall blocks is savings on the thickness of the foundation. In the traditional version, its width reaches 60-70 cm, and the use of three-layer blocks allows you to limit it to 50 cm or even lay a columnar foundation at the base.

Small wall thickness increases usable area buildings. So, in comparison with the 50 centimeter Christomatic brickwork a house with an area of ​​120 m2 made of heat blocks will become more spacious by more than 10% - by 15 m2. All in all, this is another decent room! Labor costs for the construction of such a facility are also approximately 55-70% less. This is due to the fact that builders perform masonry only once, without additional operations - insulation and cladding.

Let's summarize?

All of the above factors convince us that this wall material is the right choice. As a result, the developer saves not only during construction, but also during the operation of the housing.

In addition, the variety of textures and colors of multilayer blocks allows you to implement any exterior solution. Such a structure is not afraid of fire, water, or biological organisms. This is truly a “21st century house” because it: relatively cheap, thermally efficient, environmentally friendly, durable, non-flammable.

Call us at any time and buy multilayer blocks or order construction standard house by itself favorable price. Choose a cottage or dacha that is suitable for the price in the catalog and let such housing become your happy family nest.

Three-layer thermally efficient blocks

Thermally efficient blocks are comparatively new material for the construction of house walls. The blocks are made of three layers - the outer and inner layers of the block are made of fine-grained or lightweight concrete. The middle layer is a thermal insert made of polystyrene foam. The accuracy of the block dimensions and the deviation from the plane of the faces must be within +-1 mm.

The structural integrity of the blocks is achieved during the manufacturing process in two ways, Fig. 1:

Option 1: Due to the connection of the concrete and heat-insulating layers by the “groove-tenon” engagement performed in the thermal liner.

Option 2: Due to the connection of concrete and heat-insulating layers plastic anchors. This option is used most often.

EPS - foamed, XPS - extruded polystyrene foam.

Blocks can be 300 wide mm and 400 mm. The blocks differ in the thickness of the internal (load-bearing) concrete layer and the insulation layer.

The blocks are intended for use as load-bearing and non-load-bearing elements of single-layer facing masonry in the external walls of heated buildings with dry, normal and wet operating conditions.

Thermally efficient blocks are produced in various configurations and sizes, the main forms are shown in Fig. 3:

The dimensions of the masonry are adjusted to the standard size of the blocks, which avoids cutting and adjusting the blocks and ensures the continuity of the thermal contour of the walls. The wall is assembled from blocks like a Lego set. Each block size is placed in its predetermined place.

The outer layer can have a decorative front surface of various textures. The front surface can be painted during block production by pigmenting the concrete mixture.

Based on their ultimate compressive strength along the “gross” section, blocks are divided into grades: M35, M50, M75. For the “M” grade of a three-layer heat-efficient block in terms of compressive strength, MPa (kgf/cm 2) the average tensile strength during axial compression of the block is taken with the load transferred to the “gross” area, to all three layers, without deducting the thermal insulation layer. At the same time, the outer and inner concrete layers usually have a higher grade and strength class than the block as a whole. That is, one should distinguish between the brand of the block and the brand, class of concrete in the layers of the block.

Grade of concrete blocks for frost resistance: F50, F75, F100.

Physical and mechanical characteristics of thermally efficient blocks for load-bearing walls, Fig. 4:

The thermophysical parameters of walls made of multilayer blocks are regulated by changing the thickness and type of effective insulation.

An increase in the thickness of the insulation leads to a decrease in the thickness of the concrete layer and, consequently, the load-bearing capacity of the wall. Ensuring the strength and stability of the walls of the house is the main condition for using heat blocks, do not forget about this.

Calculation of the heat transfer resistance of a wall made of blocks is carried out as usual, for example, as described in the article.

The coefficient of thermal uniformity of masonry using glue from multilayer blocks during testing was r = 0.92.

The use of metal reinforcement as flexible connections is unacceptable due to a sharp decrease in the thermal performance of the blocks. In comparative tests of masonry fragments, masonry blocks where metal reinforcement was used as interlayer connections had thermal characteristics 3.12 times worse.

Thermally efficient blocks of the brands “Teploblok”, “Teplosten”, “Poliblok”, “Kremnegranit” are widely known. The difference between the products of these brands is due to the characteristics of the equipment used and non-fundamental changes in the design of the blocks.

Expanded clay concrete is widely used in the manufacture of blocks. Blocks with insulation made from mineral wool insulation and foam glass are produced, as well as blocks with a tongue-and-groove interface system, with grooves for laying reinforcement. The shape of the blocks of the Teplosten system has a slight taper.

The Kremnegranite block system has a front layer of silicon granite.

No complex equipment is required to make blocks. Blocks are produced by many small manufacturers. The quality of the blocks in their design may differ greatly from what is required by the technical specifications.

When choosing a manufacturer or seller of blocks, in addition to price, you should pay attention to:

• the entire line of configurations and standard sizes of blocks must be offered for sale;
• check the stability of the block sizes, especially in height;
• compliance of actual physical and mechanical characteristics with requirements technical specifications(TU) and the project of the house under construction. A responsible manufacturer, according to the specifications, must have blocks on pallets, packed with film. Each package of blocks is accompanied by a quality document indicating the main characteristics, signed and stamped by the responsible person of the manufacturer. The consumer has the right to carry out a control check of the compliance of the quality indicators of the blocks specified in the order with the requirements of the technical specifications.

Advantages, advantages of heat blocks

Compared to The use of heat blocks has the following advantages:
1. Acceleration of construction walls - in one go, they are brought to the site, all three layers of the wall are unloaded and laid: load-bearing, heat-insulating and facing.

2. The dense construction of layers in a block with a sealed concrete shell increases the durability of the insulation, and therefore the durability of the walls. The insulation is better protected from fire penetration. more resistant to fire.

3. From an engineering point of view, masonry made of tightly connected layers of blocks increases the load-bearing capacity of the masonry. In masonry from individual layers, only bearing capacity the inner layer of the wall, and in the masonry of heat blocks - all layers. The thickness of the inner layer in a masonry made of thermal blocks may be less than in a wall made of separate layers.

See: from this video you will learn about all the pros and cons of a three-layer thermally efficient heat block:

More articles on this topic:

Construction of a country house from modern heat-efficient ceramic blocks is economically less expensive than from products called heat blocks, sometimes also called heat walls or thermoblocks. Below, using the example of our house project shown on the left, a comparative cost calculation is shown.

The final costs when choosing thermally efficient ceramic blocks Cayman30 will be lower by 162,697 rubles.

When choosing a building material, responsible structures should be understood.
The difference between full-fledged production and artisanal production is the level of responsibility. You can be responsible for something specific. When it comes to building materials- this is of course technical characteristics of the manufactured product. Specifications can be declared by submitting your product to independent professional laboratories that have everything necessary to carry out tests, the result of which is test reports.

Load-bearing wall materials are used in the most critical home structures. Moreover, the blocks of load-bearing walls are not wallpaper, and if you make a mistake with the choice, you will no longer be able to replace the walls.
Compare various materials it is possible and necessary according to the characteristics. The characteristics, as noted above, are specified in the test reports:

• Compressive strength test report;
• Thermal conductivity test report;
• Frost resistance test report;
• Conclusion of Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance.

In some companies, instead of test reports, you may be shown videos of colorful tricks, the scripts of which are written by people who are unskilled from a technical point of view, but who are very successful in presenting the material to an inexperienced buyer. For a literate person, it is quite obvious that this cannot in any way replace real tests performed by a professional laboratory.
Any sane person will ask the question - If you are sure that your product is so good, why don’t you order testing from an independent laboratory, which, after testing, could confirm the figures you stated?

Resume.
When considering the materials of load-bearing walls: ceramic blocks, gas silicate, expanded clay concrete, arbolite, thermal blocks and their varieties, require the presentation of the above set of standard test reports. This is a minimum and mandatory set for any full-fledged production.

It is also necessary to understand. Any insulation in design - weak link and polystyrene foam is no exception. Obviously, insulation has a shorter service life than concrete or ceramic stone. Sooner or later the façade will have to be repaired. Check with the manufacturer offering multilayer structures whether regulations for façade repair work have been developed.

If you want to build a cost-effective home, o focus on modern technologies.

As an alternative, we recommend considering the most heat-efficient ceramic blocks produced in Russia Kerakam Cayman30.

Application of ceramic blocks Cayman30 allows you to build country houses, meeting all current standards, and in particular, meeting SNiP "Thermal protection of buildings" for cities such as Yekaterinburg, Novosibirsk, Perm, Krasnoyarsk, without inclusion in the design of an external wall weak link- layer insulation. Thermal calculations performed according to the SNiP “Thermal Protection of Buildings” methodology, confirming the statement, are presented below.

At the same time, the cost of constructing one square meter of housing will be one of the lowest when compared with any stone block, including in comparison with products called heat block, heat wall or thermoblock.

Below is a comparative calculation of the costs of an external wall using a thermally efficient ceramic block Cayman30 and an external wall in which a product called heat block, in relation to a specific house project of our design.
If the thermally efficient ceramic block included in the project Cayman30 replace on product called heat block, final cost for building a house will increase on 162,697 rubles.

Projects of houses made from ceramic blocks are included in the promotion Free house design .
According to the terms of the promotion when purchasing ceramic blocks Cayman30 in our company we will refund you the cost you paid project documentation

Below is a thermal engineering calculation performed according to the methodology described in SNiP “Thermal protection of buildings”.As well as an economic justification for the use of the Kerakam Kaiman30 ceramic block when comparing the costs of building the house in question using a concrete or expanded clay concrete product with insulation and a decorative panel.

First, let's determine the required thermal resistance for external walls residential buildings for the city of Dmitrov, as well as the thermal resistance created by the structures in question.

The ability of a structure to retain heat is determined by such a physical parameter as the thermal resistance of the structure ( R, m 2 *S/W).

Let us determine the degree-day of the heating period, °C ∙ day/year, using the formula (SNiP “Thermal protection of buildings”) for the city Dmitrov.

GSOP = (t in - t from)z from,

Where,
t V- design temperature of the internal air of the building, °C, taken when calculating the enclosing structures of groups of buildings indicated in Table 3 (SNiP “Thermal protection of buildings”): according to pos. 1 - according to minimum values optimal temperature corresponding buildings according to GOST 30494 (in the range 20 - 22 °C);
t from - average temperature outside air, °C during the cold period, for the city. Dmitrov meaning -3,1 °C;
z from- duration, days/year, of the heating period, adopted according to the set of rules for a period with an average daily outside air temperature of no more than 8 °C, for the city Dmitrov meaning 216 days.

GSOP = (20- (-3.1))*216 = 4,989.60 °C*day.

The value of the required thermal resistance for the external walls of residential buildings will be determined by the formula (SNiP "Thermal protection of buildings)

R tr 0 =a*GSOP+b

Where,
R tr 0- required thermal resistance;
a and b- coefficients, the values ​​of which should be taken according to Table No. 3 of SNiP “Thermal Protection of Buildings” for the corresponding groups of buildings, for residential buildings the value A should be taken equal to 0.00035, the value b - 1,4

R tr 0 =0.00035*5 181.5+1.4 = 3.1463 m 2 *S/W

The value of the required thermal resistance for the external walls of residential buildings in a number of Russian cities

Formula for calculating the conditional thermal resistance of the structure under consideration:

R 0 = Σ δ n /λ n + 0,158

Where,
Σ – symbol of layer summation for multilayer structures;
δ - layer thickness in meters;
λ - thermal conductivity coefficient of the layer material subject to operational humidity;
n- layer number (for multilayer structures);
0.158 is a correction factor, which, for simplicity, can be taken as a constant.

Formula for calculating the reduced thermal resistance.

R r 0 = R 0 x r

Where,
r– coefficient of thermal technical homogeneity of structures with heterogeneous sections (joints, heat-conducting inclusions, vestibules, etc.)

According to standard STO 00044807-001-2006 according to Table No. 8, the value of the coefficient of thermal uniformity r for masonry of large-format hollow porous ceramic stones and gas silicate blocks should be taken equal 0,98 .

At the same time, I would like to draw your attention to the fact that this coefficient does not take into account the fact that

1. we recommend masonry using warm masonry mortar (this significantly levels out the heterogeneity at the joints);
2. as connections between the load-bearing wall and the facing masonry, we use not metal, but basalt-plastic connections, which conduct heat literally 100 times less than steel connections (this significantly eliminates the inhomogeneities formed due to heat-conducting inclusions);
3. window slopes and doorways, according to our design documentation, are additionally insulated with extruded polystyrene foam (which eliminates heterogeneity in the areas of window and door openings, vestibules).

From which we can conclude that when following the instructions of our working documentation, the coefficient of masonry uniformity tends to unity. But in calculating the reduced thermal resistance R r 0 we will still use the table value of 0.98.

R r 0 must be greater than or equal to R 0 required.

We determine the operating mode of the building in order to understand what the thermal conductivity coefficient is λ a or λ in taken when calculating the conditional thermal resistance.

The method for determining the operating mode is described in detail in SNiP "Thermal protection of buildings" . Based on the specified normative document, let's follow the step-by-step instructions. 1st step. Let's define son the humidity of the building region - the city of Dmitrov using Appendix B of SNiP "Thermal protection of buildings".

According to the table the city Dmitrov located in zone 2 (normal climate). We accept value 2 - normal climate. 2nd step. Using Table No. 1 of SNiP “Thermal protection of buildings” we determine the humidity conditions in the room. At the same time, I draw your attention to heating season air humidity in the room drops to 15-20%. During the heating season, air humidity must be raised to at least 35-40%. A humidity level of 40-50% is considered comfortable for humans. In order to raise the humidity level, it is necessary to ventilate the room, you can use air humidifiers, and installing an aquarium will help.

According to Table 1, the humidity regime in the room during the heating period at an air temperature of 12 to 24 degrees and relative humidity up to 50% - dry. 3rd step. Using Table No. 2 of SNiP “Thermal protection of buildings” we determine the operating conditions. To do this, we find the intersection of the line with the value of the humidity regime in the room, in our case it is dry, with humidity column for the city Dmitrov, as was found out earlier, this value normal.

Resume. According to the SNiP methodology "Thermal protection of buildings" in the calculation of conditional thermal resistance ( R0) value should be applied under operating conditions A, i.e. thermal conductivity coefficient must be used λa. You can see it here Thermal conductivity test report for ceramic blocksKerakam Kaiman 30. Thermal conductivity value λa You can find it at the end of the document.

Ceramic block Kerakam Kaiman 30 wall thickness 300mm. The façade is finished with decorative plaster. The total thickness of the wall excluding the plaster layer is 300mm (2mm decorative plaster + leveling lightweight cement plaster 15mm +300mm ceramic block Kerakam Kaiman30 + 20mm lightweight leveling plaster). 2 layer– 15mm thermal insulation plaster(thermal conductivity coefficient 0.18 W/m*C). 3 layer- 300mm wall masonry using block Kerakam Kaiman30(thermal conductivity coefficient of masonry in operational condition A 0.094 W/m*S). 4 layer– 20mm heat-insulating plaster (thermal conductivity coefficient 0.18 W/m*C).

Let's consider a product made of concrete or expanded clay concrete with insulation and a decorative panel. The total thickness of the wall is 396 mm (58 mm decorative sand-cement or expanded clay concrete slab + 135 mm layer of thermal insulation in the form of polystyrene foam PSB25 + 203 mm layer of sand concrete or expanded clay concrete). 1 layer- 58 mm decorative sand-cement/expanded clay concrete slab. 2 layer- 135mm expanded polystyrene foam. 3 layer- 203mm sand concrete/expanded clay concrete. 4 layer- 20mm heat-insulating leveling plaster inside walls.

We consider the conditional thermal resistance R 0 external wall designs from Cayman30 blocks, based on data from a test report on the thermal conductivity of the masonry fragment of the wall.
Test report for thermal conductivity in masonry ceramic block Cayman30.

You can calculate the thermal resistance of products called heat block, thermoblock, heat wall, polyblock if the specific manufacturer whose products you are considering provides you with a test report for thermal conductivity in masonry.

Kerakam Kaiman 30

R 0 Cayman30 =0.0020/0.84+0.015/0.18+0.300/0.094+0.02/0.18+0.158=3.5677 m 2 *S/W

We consider the reduced thermal resistance R r 0 .

The design of the external wall in which the block is used Cayman30

R r 0 Cayman30 =3.5677 m 2 *S/W * 0.98 = 3.4963 m 2 *S/W

The reduced thermal resistance of the external wall structure made from the Cayman30 block is higher than the required thermal resistance for the city of Dmitrov (3.1463 m 2 *S/W), which means that the design satisfies SNiP “Thermal protection of buildings” for the city of Dmitrov.

Below is a calculation of the costs of constructing one square meter of an external wall using comparable materials, as well as the difference in the costs of the foundation, because When choosing a heat block, the thickness of the foundation wall will increase by 96mm. Initial conditions. Total area Houses - 155,4 m2. Window and door openings, as well as load-bearing walls between the living area and the garage - 252 m2. The perimeter of the foundation strip for external walls, as well as load-bearing walls between the living area and the garage – 54 .00 linear meters. The foundation is reinforced concrete monolithic pile-grillage. The façade is finished with decorative plaster. Comparison of costs for the construction of ceramic blocks Kerakam Kaiman 30 and a product called heat block Product made of concrete or expanded clay concrete with insulation and decorative panel (396mm) Ceramic block Kerakam Kaiman30 (300mm) Priceblocks at 1m 2 masonry 1m 2 masonry - 12.25 blocks price of an unpainted block with delivery to the city Dmitrov 215 RUR/piece 1m2 = 12.25 x 215 = RUB 2,634.00/m 2 1m 2 masonry - 17.1 blocks price of a block with delivery to the city Dmitrov 95 RUR/piece 1m2 = 17.1 x 95 = RUB 1,625.00/m 2 Cost of solution at 1m 2 masonry 520 rub/m 2 when laying on a warm mortar 12mm 240 rub/m 2 Cost of the mesh necessary for saving masonry mortar at 1 m 2 masonry used plaster mesh with a cell 5x5mm, price - 33 rub/m 2 Cost of materials for masonry reinforcement at 1m 2 masonry check with the manufacturer Cost of basalt plastic mesh 145 rubles/m2. According to the instructions, it should be reinforced masonry corners, laying ready-made cards in every second row, you will need 49.85 m2 of basalt plastic grids The cost of laying the mesh for reinforcement 50 rubles/m 2. Cost of masonry reinforcement one square meter: ((145 rubles/m2 + 50 rubles/m2) x 49.85 m2) / 225 m2 = 54 rubles/m 2 Cost of work masonry 1 m2external wall. Cost of masonry 1 m2 2,500 rub/m 3 x 0.396 m = 990 rub/m 2 The cost of masonry is 2,500 rubles/m 3 Cost of masonry 1 m2 2,500 rub/m 3 x 0.3 m = 75 0 rub/m 2 The cost of a lightweight leveling layer cement plaster with perlite Ready-made cement plaster with perlite Perfecta FrontPro light - 252 rubles/30 kg bag. Consumption per 1 m 2 - 16.5 kg/m 2 /15mm Cost of plaster one square meter: (252 rubles/bag / 16.5) = 138.6 rubles/m 2 . Price plastering works for applying a leveling layer of lightweight cement plaster with perlite Cost of work= 500 rub/m 2 Primer cost Consumption per 1 m 2 - 0.200 kg. Cost of primer one square meter: 11.80 rubles/m 2 . Acrylic deep penetration primer Glims-Grunt - 590 rubles/10 kg bucket. Consumption per 1 m 2 - 0.200 kg. Cost of primer one square meter: (590 rubles/bag / 10) x 0.2 = 11.80 rubles/m 2 . Color cost decorative plaster Terraco XL (bark beetle) for a wall made of Cayman30 blocks. Price facade paint for the product - a heat block. Facade paint Tikurilla - 4,500 rubles/9 liter bucket. Consumption per 1 m 2 (2 layers) - 0.40 l. Cost of paint one square meter: (4500 rubles/bucket / 9) x 0.40 = 200.0 rubles/m 2 . Ready colored plaster Terraco XL on a silicone base - 3000 rubles/25 kg bucket. Consumption per 1 m2 - 2 kg. Cost of plaster one square meter: (3000 rubles/bucket / 25) x 2 = 240.0 rubles/m 2 . The cost of applying decorative plaster Terraco XL (bark beetle). The cost of applying facade paint to a heat block product. Cost of work= 150 rub/m 2 Cost of work = 500 rub/m 2 Additional costs for foundation work, caused bybecause the thickness outer wall made of 96 mm larger heat block Difference in external wall thickness 0.096 meters. Accordingly, by the same amount thickness increases foundation grillage. the height of the foundation grillage is 0.6 meters. Foundation perimeter for external walls 54 linear Additional quantity m 3 of concrete 0.096 x 0.6 x 54 = 3.1 m3 The cost of concrete B22.5 is 4,200 rubles/m 3 Cost of funds. work - 5,000 rub/m 3 Additional foundation costs 3.1 x (4,200 + 5,000) = 28 520 rubles Cost of design documentation. Basic cost of the project - 30,000 rubles. free project Total: area of ​​external walls minus 252 x (2,634 + 520 + 990 + 11.8 + 200.0 + 150) = 1 135 462 rubles add. foundation costs - 28 520 ruble house project costs - 30 000 rubles Total: 1,135,462 + 28,520 + 30,000 = 1 193 982 ruble area of ​​external walls minus window and door openings - 252 m2 costs for wall materials and work 252 x (1,625.00 + 240 + 33 + 54 + 750 + 138.6 + 500 + 11.8 + 240 + 500) = 1 031 285 rubles Total: 1 031 285 rubles In total, the choice in favor of using wall material full-fledged factory production - ceramic blocks Kerakam Kaiman30, during construction in the Moscow Region according to the project 92-23 , in comparison with a product made of concrete or expanded clay concrete with insulation and a decorative panel, will reduce the cost of 162 697 rubles. General information about ceramic block Kerakam Kaiman30 look in the section Real warm ceramics.

The AlStroy company sells three-layer wall blocks at a price that is the best in Russia. Houses built from three-layer blocks are quickly built, warm and durable. Such material appeared on the market some 15 years ago, but already in every locality In Russia you can find houses built from heat blocks. What is a three-layer block? This one is unique wall block was invented within the walls of the Leshchinikov Research Institute at the beginning of this century. Its uniqueness lies in innovative technology, allowing for construction site avoid two labor-intensive and expensive operations - insulation and cladding work. Within two weeks, a team of masons erects a fully insulated and lined structure with an area of ​​150 m2. Previously, construction did not know such an intensive pace of building construction. Today, anyone can become the owner of a warm and beautiful stone home in a couple of months. Three-layer wall blocks received several synonymous names: thermally efficient, multilayer, three-layer block, as well as polyblock. The stone-insulating “sandwich” consists of three layers: façade, insulation, load-bearing.

Price: from 104 rub. Order

We offer buy three-layer blocks in 12 front versions. Such a number of textures and colors will allow you to implement any exterior solution!

The AlStroy company sells heat blocks in two sizes:

The first - 400 x 400 x 190 mm is suitable for the construction of buildings up to 4 floors high. The facade layer in it is 7 cm, the insulating layer is 18 cm, and the base, load-bearing layer is 15. The heat insulator is dense (M 25) foam plastic, securely fixed between the outer expanded clay concrete layers with four six-millimeter (in diameter) rods made of basalt plastic. The connecting pins are designed for a breaking load of 4 tons! The second type of three-layer thermal wall blocks has the following dimensions - 300 x 400 x 190 mm. They are used in single-story construction and when completing buildings. The dimensions of the layers here are somewhat different - the load-bearing and insulating layers are 120 mm each, and the façade layer is 60 mm. It should be noted that a slight decrease in the thickness of each layer of three-layer expanded clay concrete blocks does not in any way affect the heat-saving characteristics of the material - its energy efficiency margin is quite high.

The laying of these stones is carried out using traditional mortar, glue or a mixture thereof, taken in a ratio of 5:1. A slight deviation in the linear dimensions of three-layer building blocks, only +/- 1.5 mm per side, allows for small vertical (0.6 cm) and horizontal (0.8 cm) seams. To avoid the occurrence of cold bridges, all vertical seams across the width of the insulation are filled with special foam.
The tensile strength of masonry three-layer heat-efficient blocks under central compression is 140 kgf/cm2!

So should you buy three-layer blocks for construction?

Among the people, another name has been assigned to this building material - “miracle brick”. After all, one could only dream of a warm, prefabricated house before. Today, it is enough to read reviews about three-layer blocks to understand that such structures really are:

• environmentally friendly;
• do not ignite or support combustion;
• cheaper than traditional stone ones;
• highly thermally efficient.

We guarantee this building material for at least 50 years. But since in Europe expanded clay concrete houses more than 100 years old, we are sure that housing built from our three-layer thermally efficient wall blocks will last no less. And if you want to build just such a family nest, buy inexpensive three-layer blocks. Call us at any time, find out about the cost of three-layer blocks and the price of a cottage that we are ready to build for you at any time of the year - even this is possible with a thermal wall.

Price of three-layer blocks

Our three-layer block, the price of which is perhaps the most attractive in Russia, will minimize construction estimate. Purchasing high-quality three-layer blocks for building a house from the manufacturer will result in savings for the developer not only during the construction of housing, but also during its further operation. The absence of two additional operations (insulation and cladding) will lead to the fact that the cost of a house made of three-layer blocks will be more than 40% less compared to a traditional brick structure.

private	private half	corner external	corner internal	window openings
from 168 rub.	from 104 rub.	from 152 rub.	from 188 rub.	from 188 rub.
double-sided window openings	half-shaped window openings	doorway	half doorway	waist
from 188 rub.	from 104 rub.	from 193 rub.	from 107 rub.	from 105 rub.

Wholesale purchase of polyblocks will cost up to 30% less than the purchase of gas-foam blocks, bricks and insulation. In addition, the cost of refining the facade and insulating the building will also add a considerable amount to the final cost of construction using the classical method. Cladding blocks, the price of which is affordable for the average developer, will significantly save money on delivery - instead of bringing building materials three times, it is enough to do it once. The AlStroy company sells heating blocks to all regions of Russia and organizes their delivery! To lay warm stone, no additional special equipment is required, which is a significant saving.

Is it good to have a house made of three-layer blocks?

Three-layer walls made of blocks have confirmed in practice that a more thermally efficient material does not yet exist. In conditions of constantly rising heating costs, such buildings store heat 4 times more during the cold season than a conventional one stone house. And in summer they remain pleasantly cool. Savings on heating a home built from standard wall blocks with insulation is 30-35%.! Insulated brick house It will completely cool down in 3-4 days, and a building made of polyblocks will need 2 whole weeks.

Houses made from this material allow you to save on laying strip foundation up to 15%. Under multi-layer walls, a base with a maximum width of 50 cm is installed (block thickness plus 10 cm), while under a standard insulated and tiled building you will need a foundation 60-70 cm wide.

In addition, three-layer blocks for construction are classified as lightweight building materials. This allows the installation of foundation pillars, which saves the developer even more money. Compared to the classic construction of insulated housing, labor costs during the construction of a polyblock building will be reduced by 30-35%. After all, the need to insulate and clad the façade in in this case it just disappears. Well, one last thing. Three-layer thermally efficient wall blocks will be “gifted” to the developer extra room! If we compare the usable area of ​​a standard, 140 m2 brick, and the same multi-layer block housing, it turns out that the second is 14 m2 more spacious. Narrower (but also warmer) walls will increase living space by 10%.