It is difficult for us to live without amenities, even if we are in a private home. We strive to provide maximum comfort, creating an optimal standard of living for our family. For this, it is very important to think through the issue of construction in advance.

When constructing a sewer system with your own hands in a private country cottage, you can save money, but you need to carry out this work in accordance with construction and installation requirements.

Sewerage installation in a house involves the arrangement of external and internal sewerage systems.

The internal part is pipe routing, installation of a drain pipe and a riser.

External refers to a set of pipes running from the house to a septic tank or deep cleaning station.

Internal sewerage diagram

You need to choose a scheme based on the layout of each house. It is ideal when all plumbing equipment is connected to one collector through which the water will flow.

In a large house with several bathrooms, it is more correct to prefer a scheme in which there will be at least two cesspools or a septic tank. And in a two-story house it is necessary to install risers.

How to draw up a sewerage diagram for a private house:

1. draw up a house plan;
2. determine the location of risers;
3. mark the locations of plumbing fixtures and decide on how to connect them;
4. depict the pipes running from the fittings and riser to the plumbing, and all connection elements;
5. do this for each floor;
6. determine the dimensions of the fan pipe and riser;
7. add up the length of all internal pipes;
8. At the final stage, draw up a diagram of the external sewerage system.

How to choose sewer pipes

Different ones are used for external and internal sewerage.

For laying pipes inside, polyvinyl chloride and gray. For sunbeds and risers, pipes with a diameter of 110 mm are used, and for drainage - 40 and 50 mm. Turns are made with two plastic elbows bent at right angles.

Often, pipes for external sewerage have Orange color, diameter 110 mm and the required rigidity. Double-layer corrugated pipes can also be used.

Pipe properties

Cast iron:

• durable and strong, designed for heavy loads.
• expensive, heavy and fragile, corrosion on the inside can contribute to clogs.

Polypropylene:

• light and flexible, holds up well high temperature water.
• there are no shortcomings.

Polyvinyl chloride:

• inexpensive and lightweight, used for external sewerage.
• They are fragile and do not tolerate high water temperatures well.

Pipe laying

The most serious process when constructing a sewer system in a house is the routing and laying of pipes. Upon completion of work, check the tightness of the system, and only then proceed to its operation.

Pipe connection

Today many types of revisions, tees, elbows and plastic pipes, which are easy to connect. The joints can be processed. And in places where the pipe passes through the foundation, it is recommended to install a sleeve.

It is also important to remember the slope of the pipes, which depends on its diameter and is 2 - 3 cm per 1 m.

Sewer outlet

In order not to encounter a discrepancy between the internal and external sewer systems, begin the installation of the sewer system from the outlet,

It is installed through the foundation below the frost level. When installing the outlet higher, it will be necessary to insulate the pipe.

If you didn’t think about it, you will need to punch a hole in it large enough to install a drain pipe with a sleeve. The sleeve is a small piece of pipe with a diameter of 130-160 mm. It should protrude 15 cm on both sides of the foundation.

The outlet diameter must be no less than the diameter of the riser. And the sleeve is needed to create a pipe slope.

Pipe routing and riser installation

It is ideal to place the riser in the toilet. It can be mounted openly or hidden.

To connect sewer pipes to the riser, oblique tees are used, and adapters are used at the joints of pipes that differ in diameter. At the intersection of pipes, it is necessary to install a collector with a diameter of 100-110 mm. Also install water seals that will protect you from unpleasant odors.

Installation of a special tee (revision) on each riser is mandatory. With its help it will be possible to clear the blockage. You can install cleaning after each bend.

It is better to place the riser in the toilet of a private house

Fan pipe outlet

Functions of the drain pipe:

• supports Atmosphere pressure within the system;
• increases durability sewer system;
• ventilates the entire sewer system.

The fan pipe is the continuation of the riser. This is a pipe leading to the roof. Before connecting the drain pipe and the riser, it is important to install an inspection. After which the pipe is led out at a convenient angle into the attic.

You cannot combine the fan pipe with the chimney or ventilation of the house. The exhaust pipe outlet must be located at a distance of 4 meters from windows and balconies. The height of the retreat from the roof should be 70 cm. It is also important to place it on different levels sewer, house and chimney ventilation.

External sewage system of the house

There are different ways to equip a sewer system in a house, but it is very important to choose the right system, meeting your needs.

It is necessary to select an external sewerage scheme taking into account the following:

• you live in the house temporarily or permanently;
• number of people living;
• daily water consumption per person;
• soil water level;
• plot size;
• soil type and structure;
• climate.

For more detailed information, you should read the relevant chapters of SNiP and SanPin.

All external sewage systems are divided into two types:

• storage (cesspool, sealed container);
• cleaning structures Wastewater(single-chamber septic tank, septic tank with two overflowing wells, aeration tank, septic tank with a biofilter, septic tank with several chambers and a filtration field).

Cesspool without bottom

This is very old way sewerage, which is now used exclusively as a country house.

In the cesspool, walls are made from rings of concrete or bricks, and the earth remains as the bottom. In a hole, relatively clean water seeps into the ground and organic waste settles to the bottom.

When completely filled with waste, it needs to be cleaned.

It is possible to make such a cesspool if people do not live in the house permanently and do not consume a lot of water. In this case, groundwater must pass at least 1 m below the bottom of the pit, otherwise it will lead to contamination of soil water.

Adding microorganisms to the pit will slightly reduce the unpleasant odor and speed up the process of water purification.

Sealed storage tank

This option involves installing a sealed container into which water will drain. You can purchase a ready-made container made of metal or plastic, or you can make one yourself from concrete rings. The lid is made of metal, and the bottom is made of concrete. It is important when constructing a storage tank that it is completely sealed and has an insulated lid.

When filling the tank, it must be cleaned using a special vacuum cleaner. The volume of the tank and the frequency of cleaning it depend on water consumption.

This system can be used in high ground groundwater, this way you will protect water sources and soil. But its downside is that you will need to call the sewer truck quite often.

Single chamber septic tank

This is a well, the bottom of which is covered with a layer of crushed stone and coarse sand. Water seeping through them is purified by 50%. Along with mechanical cleaning, biological cleaning processes take place here.

You should not build such a sewer system in a private house if people live in it permanently. This option can only be used when groundwater levels are low. It should be noted that crushed stone and sand need to be changed periodically.

With your own hands, you can make a septic tank from polypropylene, reinforced concrete rings, brick, or fill its walls and floor. In this case, it is necessary to determine whether the wastewater treatment will take place in the well field or in the filtration field. You also need to equip the system and carry out its hydro- and thermal insulation.

Two-chamber septic tank

The most popular device method in country house, economical and can be built independently.

It consists of two wells. The first has a sealed bottom, and the second does not, but is filled with crushed stone and sand, which will need to be replaced approximately every five years.

The first well plays the role of a sump, and the second - a filter well. Periodically, the first well is filled with waste and to clean it you need to call a sewer truck about 2 times a year.

It is worth installing such a sewer system in a house if, even during a flood, the groundwater level is below 1 m from the bottom of the second well.

Soil and biological treatment - septic tank with filtration field

This type of septic tank is made in the form of a container divided into sections connected by pipes.

The first container is needed to settle the wastewater. Clarified water goes to the second section, where organic residues are decomposed by anaerobic bacteria. Afterwards the water goes to the filtration fields.

This is a vast underground area where soil treatment of wastewater takes place. If the soil on your site is sandy, then this perfect option. After this, the water is sent through pipelines to the well or drainage ditch.

Sometimes sand and crushed stone need to be replaced in the filtration field.

Natural treatment station - septic tank with biofilter

With its help, it is possible to carry out sewerage at any level of groundwater.

Such a station is a container divided into 3-4 sections.

In the first, the water settles, in the second, organic residues are decomposed by anaerobic microorganisms. In the third, water is separated, and in the fourth, organic matter is decomposed by aerobic bacteria, which live only under the condition of constant air flow. To do this, a pipe rising above the ground is installed above the chamber. In the pipe leading from the third chamber to the fourth, there is a filter with aerobic bacteria. Purified water can be used for technical purposes. From the fourth chamber there is a pipe leading to a drainage ditch, or storage tank.

For country house with permanent residence, a septic tank with a biofilter is the optimal solution. The disadvantage is that if they do not live permanently, the bacteria will simply die.

Artificial treatment station - septic tank with forced air supply

This is a quick cleaning installation, in which natural processes are artificially induced. It is impossible to install a sewer system using an aeration tank without connecting it to

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When designing and installing internal sewerage for a private home, no one is immune from mistakes that can lead to unpredictable consequences, from the appearance of an unpleasant odor to complete inoperability of the system. Let's consider in this article the concept of internal sewerage in a private house: design and installation rules + analysis common mistakes, arising in the process of all this.

General characteristics of a modern internal sewerage system

Today, the construction of private suburban housing is experiencing a real boom. Therefore, there was a need to create a convenient and modern sewage system that could be installed by a common person without a construction education. Such a system should have good performance, since the number of plumbing fixtures producing household waste has increased significantly. After all, with the advent of automatic washing machines, dishwashers, Jacuzzis and showers, the water consumption of a typical household increased to 200 liters per person per day.

An increase in the number of plumbing fixtures leads to a significant complication of the pipeline networks themselves. Fortunately, today PVC pipes are used for sewer installation, which are supplied with auxiliary fittings, with the help of which installation of a pipeline becomes no more difficult than making a craft from children's construction set. All these parts are equipped with O-rings, which can be easily replaced if necessary.

Internal sewerage is a set of plastic pipes and fittings for their connection, which serve to drain wastewater from plumbing fixtures. The devices themselves are equipped with siphons necessary to prevent odor from penetrating into the premises. Pipe laying is subject to strict rules, non-compliance with which can lead to disruption of the entire system.

Rules for laying pipes during the construction of internal sewerage

The riser serves as the central drainage channel in the entire sewer system of the house. There can be one for the whole house. If the house is too large or the bathrooms are located at a considerable distance from each other, then two or more risers are made. They represent vertically installed pipes, which start in the basement and end on the roof. The lower part of the riser is connected to an inclined pipe of the same or larger diameter, which goes outside into a wastewater storage tank or into a wastewater treatment plant. Top part the riser rises above the roof by at least 0.5 m. It is open or equipped with a check valve. Why this is needed - we will consider further. All inlets leading from plumbing fixtures are connected to risers.

Hydrodynamics of liquids in pipes

The pipe is a cylinder with water moving inside it. When the pipe is completely filled with water, a piston effect occurs. This means that at the top of the water plug the pressure drops sharply, and at the bottom, on the contrary, it increases. In a situation where there is an explosive flush from the toilet tank, the resulting vacuum can suck out all the water from the siphons. This is fraught with the appearance of odors in the premises. On the contrary, as the liquid moves, excess pressure arises, which can push sewage out of the devices located below the toilet.

Ignoring the laws of hydrodynamics leads to two common mistakes when designing and installing sewer systems. The first mistake is not using a ventilation device. The background pipe running from the riser to the roof not only removes unpleasant odors, but also serves as a pressure compensator in the system. Indeed, if it is present, the reduced pressure above the water piston will not suck water out of the siphons, but will ensure that air enters the system from the atmosphere, which again levels the pressure.

The second common mistake is that all plumbing fixtures are connected through supply pipes to the riser below the toilet. This is unacceptable, as it will certainly cause sewage to pour into the sink or shower stall when flushing. Similar problems arise when the supply pipes are longer than what is allowed for them. To avoid such troubles, it is necessary to formulate some important rules for the installation of in-house sewage systems.

Rules for the installation of intra-house sewage systems, the violation of which is unacceptable

Attention! Violation of the following rules can lead to serious disruption of the internal sewer system or an emergency.

• The connection of the toilet to the riser must be carried out separately from other plumbing devices.
• All other plumbing elements are included in the system above the toilet connection point. Several devices can be located on one supply pipe if their performance allows.
• Any supply pipe must have a diameter no less than that of largest diameter liner from the device.
• The outlet from the toilet has a diameter of 100 mm, therefore, the riser should not be thinner than it.
• The toilet is installed at a distance of no more than 1 m from the riser, and other devices no further than 3 m.
• If the house has a supply pipe longer than 3 m, then it should not be thinner than 70 mm. The liner, which is longer than 5 m, is made from a 100 mm pipe.

If increasing the diameter of the supply pipes is for some reason impossible, then there is a way to circumvent this rule. To do this, it is necessary to bring the end of such a pipe to the roof and equip it with a vacuum valve or loop it onto a riser above all other devices.

Quantitative characteristics of sewer pipe laying parameters

I exist important nuances, compliance with which will ensure the operation of the sewage system in optimal mode:

• The inclination of all horizontal pipes depends on the diameter of their cross-section. The standards say that a pipe with a diameter of 50 mm should be lowered by 3 cm each linear meter length, having a diameter of 100 to 110 mm per 2 cm per meter. Pipes with a diameter of more than 160 mm can be tilted no more than 0.8 cm per linear meter.
• An indicator such as the height difference for a toilet should be 1 m, and for other devices 3 m. Exceeding these parameters should be accompanied by the organization of ventilation at the ends of the corresponding inlets.

Another common mistake is the incorrect design of corners. If you make 90-degree angles, then as a result of the rebound, a blockage of waste will form in this place, and the pipe will quickly clog. For this reason, it is necessary to create a smooth flow of water at the corners. For this purpose, shaped parts are used that have an inclination angle of 135 degrees.

The fourth mistake is that the vent pipe is not brought to the roof, but to the general house ventilation. Such a device will create an unforgettable “aroma” in the entire house, which can only be gotten rid of by redoing the entire system.

In order to prevent the sounds of water moving through the pipes from being heard, it is necessary to arrange sound insulation. To do this, the pipes are wrapped mineral wool and placed in boxes made of plasterboard sheets. For timely and convenient preventative work pipes are equipped with inspection hatches every 15 m. The same applies to all turns.

Fifth mistake. There is no check valve installed in the pipe connecting the in-house sewerage system and the septic tank. In this case, if the outdoor disposal units overflow, water can rise up the pipes and flood the basement.

Errors related to connecting siphons

Any plumbing fixture is connected to the sewer system through siphons shaped like the letter U. This curved shape allows water to constantly remain in it. It forms a water barrier and prevents odors from penetrating into the room. However, this system stops working when certain errors are made. Main mistake– lack of ventilation. In this case, the vacuum simply sucks the water out of the siphon, allowing odors to wander freely throughout the house. Another reason for the appearance of an unpleasant odor is the banal evaporation of water from the siphon. This happens when the device is rarely used. You just need to plug the rarely used device with a rag.

What calculations are made when planning internal sewerage

Work on designing internal sewerage must be carried out strictly in accordance with the above rules. In addition, to comply with them, certain calculations are required:

• The general diagram indicates the places where this or that device will be located. Its distance from the riser, the diameter of the supply pipe, the mounting option and connection to the sewer are thought out in advance. At the same time they calculate required amount materials.
• Determined by the type of sewer system itself. They are pressure and gravity. Typically, due to simplicity, a system is used in which water flows under the influence of Earth's gravity. The main thing here is to calculate the slope of the pipes according to the rules outlined above.
• According to technical specifications of each sanitary fixture, its instantaneous flow is calculated. The thickness of the supply pipe depends on this indicator. In most cases, a 50 mm pipe is suitable for all devices except the toilet
• Calculate the most optimal location for installing the riser. Most often these are toilets. If there are two of them in the house, in different vertical planes, then it is better to make two risers.
• The sewerage scheme must be calculated in such a way as to minimize the number of available rotation angles. This will significantly reduce the risk of blockages.

The above calculations, performed correctly, will make the sewage system more efficient and effective even when overloads occur.

What is needed to build an in-house sewerage system

As mentioned above, the main thing in installing a sewer system inside a house is drawing up a detailed drawing indicating all the devices and dimensions of the elements. For installation, sewer pipes made of polyvinyl chloride are used. The arrangement of their ends is such that two pipes can be connected by placing the end of one into the socket of the other. Pipes with a diameter of 100 mm are used for risers, and 50 mm for other devices. To connect to external sewerage, a corrugated pipe is used due to its better resistance to soil movement.

The tools usually used are: a saw for cutting plastic pipes, sharp knife and rubber mounting seals. The pipes are cut with a saw, the cuts are aligned and chamfers are made with a knife. Rubber seals inserted into the sockets. Various fittings are used to connect pipes into the system:

• Bends or elbows that are needed to form corners. They are produced with a bend of 45 and 90 degrees. Their ends are also equipped with sockets with seals to create tight connections.
• If it is necessary to connect pipe scraps of the same diameter, transition bends are used.
• Tees of various types are fittings for organizing pipe branches.
• Transition couplings are needed to create transitions between pipes of different thicknesses.

A common mistake when installing plastic sewer pipes– this is ignoring their heating. To make the pipes fit easier and more tightly into each other and into the connecting fittings, the sockets must be heated in hot water.

Sequence of work when installing internal sewerage

Installation of the sewer system inside the house is carried out in the following order:

First, they install risers, leading their ends to the roof and into the basement. They should be located in close proximity to toilets. In the basement, they are connected to an inclined pipe that goes outside into the septic tank, and the upper ends are left open or equipped with check valves.

Secondly, the supply lines from the toilets are brought to the riser. They must be separate.

Thirdly, they connect the supply lines from other devices above the toilet entrances to the risers.

Fourthly, siphons are installed on all devices.

Fifthly, the siphons are connected to the connections.

In conclusion, we will say that a properly designed and assembled sewer system will work for the entire length of time it is supposed to, without serious problems.

If desired, even a private house in rural areas can be arranged. The first thing a suburban resident faces is the lack of a warm toilet in the house. Without sewerage, a person is deprived of many amenities. This is not a luxury, it is a necessity. Laying a sewer system in a private house is a complex process that requires taking into account every detail. How to do this?

External and internal

Work related to the installation of a sewer system in a private house begins with the design of the internal and In the first case, the installation of a drain pipe, a riser, as well as pipe distribution to all rooms where it is required is required: kitchen, toilet, bathroom, and so on. Concerning external system, then this is everything that is located outside the house. Its arrangement requires connecting pipes to the septic tank. You can also connect the sewer system to a deep cleaning station.

The task is greatly simplified if it is possible to discharge wastewater into a centralized system. If the house is located in an isolated area, then you should create a system with homemade septic tank. It can be with or cumulative. Cesspool in in this case doesn't fit.

Layout diagram in a private house

Before starting work, you should draw up a plan for laying pipes inside a private house. The process is greatly simplified if everything wet areas will be located in close proximity. The scheme is drawn up strictly individually. In the process, you should take into account all the features of the house and the location of the premises. Ready option can look anything.

When designing a sewer system inside a house, it is necessary to accurately calculate the location of the collector pipe. Only after this can you determine where the remaining parts of the system will be laid.

How to make the right diagram

The scheme for laying a sewer system in a private house is an important stage. The quality of the system and its reliability depend on how well the plan is drawn up. Stages of drawing up a diagram:

1. On a piece of paper, preferably in a box, you need to recreate the house plan. When drawing up a plan, it is worth considering the scale.
2. Then you need to decide on the location of the riser or collector pipe.
3. At all levels of the building, the location of plumbing fixtures must be noted. At this stage, you should learn about how to connect it.
4. From the plumbing it is necessary to lay pipes on paper to the riser. In this case, all connecting elements, tees, bends and corners should be taken into account.
5. It is necessary to measure the length of each element internal system and summarize the data. The result will be the required number of pipes. In this case, the diameter of the material must be taken into account.

The final stage is drawing up a diagram of the external system: releasing pipes and laying them to the septic tank. In this case, it is necessary to take into account all the requirements specified in SanPiN 2.1.4.1110-02, as well as SNiP 2.04.03-85.

What to consider when arranging the internal system

The installation of internal sewerage in a private house begins after drawing up a rough diagram. At this stage, several nuances should be taken into account:

1. To drain wastewater from the toilet, pipes with a diameter of 10-11 cm are required. Their total length must be at least 100 centimeters.
2. For gray drains that enter the common riser from the kitchen and bathroom, pipes made of PP or PVC are required. The diameter of the material should be 5 centimeters.
3. To arrange turns in the system, it is necessary to use several plastic elbows made at an angle of 45°. This reduces the risk of blockages during sewer use.
4. It is best to use polypropylene for arranging sewage systems inside the house. This material is more durable, reliable and relatively inexpensive. When using such pipes, the installation of sewerage in a private house is simplified.

Choosing pipes

Laying sewerage in a private house requires careful preparation. After drawing up the diagram and carrying out the necessary calculations, the purchase of materials is required. Gray pipes are used for wiring inside the house. To install an external system, orange-colored pipes are required. The difference in color can be explained based on logic. Orange hues are best seen in the ground. In addition, pipes have differences in properties. First of all, this concerns the material. Pipes located underground must withstand more severe loads. The material for their manufacture must be more rigid.

To ensure successful installation of sewerage in a private house with your own hands, you can use double-layer corrugated pipes. But, as practice shows, their use is often inappropriate. After all, the depth of sewerage in a private house is from 2 to 3 meters. Much cheaper and no less effective use orange pipes. Most often, a material with a diameter of 11 centimeters is used for arranging the external system. This is quite enough for normal wastewater drainage.

How to lay pipes? It's simple!

Laying a sewer system in a private house with your own hands requires certain skills and patience. The most difficult stage is the placement of pipes and their fastening. It is almost impossible to do this alone. Therefore, you will need an assistant for the job. This will not only speed up the process, but also improve quality.

The simplest option for laying sewerage is to use PVC pipes or PP. A fairly wide range of such products is produced. If necessary, you can purchase material of the required diameter, tees, elbows and revisions. It is worth noting that each part is equipped with a special rubberized insert - a cuff. Thanks to this element, laying a sewer system in a private house takes little time. The joints are connected easily and securely. If desired, you can process the seams additionally. Silicone-based plumbing sealant is suitable for this.

Things to consider

When laying pipes, it is necessary to take into account some nuances:

1. If pipes run through walls or ceilings, they must be placed in special sleeves that reduce the load on parts of the system.
2. The slope of the sewer system elements depends on their diameter and is prescribed in SNiP 2.04.03-85. For example, for a material whose diameter is 5 centimeters, this figure should be 3 cm/m, and for a diameter of 10 to 11 centimeters - 2 cm/m.

Sewer outlet installation

If a problem arises and the internal system does not match the external one, then the laying of sewer pipes in a private house should begin with the outlet. This is the border zone between systems. At this point, the riser is connected to a pipe leading to a wastewater collection tank.

The outlet must be installed through the foundation wall. The depth of its laying should be below the depth of soil freezing. Otherwise in winter period Difficulties may arise during the operation of the sewerage system. If the outlet hole was not specified during the construction of the building, then it will have to be punched. Its diameter must correspond to the dimensions of the pipe located in the sleeve. The latter should be longer than the hole. At each edge, the sleeve should cover the pipe by more than 15 centimeters. These are the basic requirements for sewerage release.

Installation of the riser and further wiring

The size of the pipe from the riser to the toilet should be 1000 mm. This allows you to determine its location. It is better to install the riser in the toilet itself. The installation can be hidden or open. It all depends on where the pipe will be installed. You can install the riser close to the wall. To do this, you should use pendants and clamps. You can also install the pipe in a niche, in a channel or in a box.

To connect the riser and other parts of the system, you can use oblique tees. If the pipes are different in diameter, then adapters should be used to connect them. They allow you to avoid using sealant. In those places where there is an intersection of elements coming from the shower, sink or bathtub, it is necessary to install a collector pipe. Its diameter should be from 10 to 11 centimeters. Don't forget about water seals. These elements do not allow unpleasant odors enter the living space.

On each floor, a revision is installed in the riser - a kind of tee designed to clear the system in case of severe blockage.

What is a fan pipe

By following the rules for laying sewerage in a private house, you can create an external and internal system without any problems. In addition to installing the riser, a drain pipe is also required. This is its continuation, which is displayed on the roof of the house. This part is installed on the riser. A revision is installed at the connection point. After this, the vent pipe is led into the attic at an angle. Do not connect it to the building ventilation system or chimney.

Types of septic tanks

Laying an external sewer system in a private house is no less important than installing an internal system. If the arrangement is incorrect, problems may arise not only with comfort, but also with environmentalists. One mistake can turn your drain into a big, smelly problem that will take a lot of time and money to fix.

You should start with the installation of a septic tank. Settlement type structures are most often used. This is a container or a combination of them through which wastewater passes. Gradually they are cleared. This occurs due to the precipitation of heavy inclusions. Afterwards, the wastewater undergoes additional purification in a filtration well or in the field. In this case, both mechanical and biological cleaning methods are used.

There is another, simpler type of septic tank - storage. In this case, a closed container of sufficiently large volume is installed. All waste is collected in it. To empty such a septic tank, sewage pumping is required, which is carried out using this method of arrangement outdoor system easier to implement. Plus it's cheaper.

How to calculate the required volume

Calculating the dimensions is not that difficult. The volume is determined based on settling for 3 days. In this case, the average consumption per person per day is 200 liters. If desired, this indicator can be calculated individually. If two people live in a house on a permanent basis, then the volume of the septic tank should be:

2 x 200 x 3 = 1200 liters or 1.2 cubic meters.

Stages of installation of an external system

The installation of sewerage in a private house does not end after the complete installation of the internal system. After all, the arrangement of the external part is required. Stages of arranging an external system:

1. First you need to prepare the materials: a ready-made container of the required volume made of PP or a ring made of reinforced concrete. If desired, you can lay it out of brick or fill it with a monolith.
2. The next step is to determine a suitable wastewater treatment method.
3. Afterwards are carried out excavation: a pit is dug for the container and trenches for laying pipes.
4. All structural elements must be connected. At the same time, do not forget about comfortable septic tank maintenance.
5. Pipes should be installed at a certain slope. This indicator should be 2 cm/m. The joints must be sealed.
6. The septic tank should be equipped with a ventilation system.
7. After carrying out work on the heat and waterproofing of individual fragments of the system, you can fill the structure with soil.

When placing a septic tank, it is worth considering the location of buildings on the plot. You should not place a waste container near a recreation area or playground.

In conclusion

Now you know how to sewer a private house. If you follow all the rules, you will get a reliable system. Before you start using the sewer, it is worth running it. To do this, the system must be flushed with clean water. This will allow you to identify all the shortcomings and correct them. Only after this can the operation of the sewer system begin.

In fact, the process of editing individual fragments is not special labor. The main thing is to avoid mistakes when drawing up a sewerage diagram, and also to make correct slope pipes Otherwise, the system will not function normally.