Ceiling

How to install a plastic window in a wooden frame. Inserting a window into a wooden frame - window installation methods

From logs or timber, when installing windows you may encounter such an unpleasant surprise as shrinkage of the log house.

As you know, a wooden frame shrinks within 2-3 years. The space between logs or beams is reduced due to their own weight, compaction of the insulation between the crowns and drying out of the wood of the logs itself.

Depending on the height of the walls of the bathhouse, during the first year shrinkage can reach 10-15 centimeters. It is clear that a window tightly inserted into such a frame will undergo significant deformations and may even be destroyed under the weight of settling logs.

What to do? Leave the bathhouse without windows for 2 years? Or is there still some way out?

Installation of windows using flashing (casing, frames)

Of course, there is a way out. Over the long centuries of log building construction, methods have been invented to insert windows so that shrinkage does not affect their integrity. To do this, the windows are inserted into the frame, which can move freely relative to the logs during shrinkage.

This method is called installing windows in a frame or casing.

The window opening in the upper part of the window does not reach the frame 7-10 cm. This space is filled with compressible insulation (moss, tow, jute) and closed on top with platbands. During shrinkage, the insulation is compressed, and the inserted window is protected from the destructive effect of the vertical load of the lowering window crowns.

If you have already prepared the window openings, then you can proceed to installing the casing.

Types of flashing (casing)

In order for the window to move freely during the shrinkage process, you can make a 50x50 rectangular groove at the ends of the logs of the window opening into which to insert the bars, and fasten the windows to the bars.

This is a fairly simple method that is ideal for wooden windows. They are attached to the bars with nails or polyurethane foam. However, this method is not suitable for plastic windows.

It is better to install plastic windows in a special carriage, which is a 150x100 beam with a 50x50 groove selected along its length, which is mounted on a ridge formed at the ends of the window opening logs. The ridge is a rectangular protrusion 50x50, that is, exactly the size of the groove.

What such a comb looks like is shown in the figure below:

Casing installation

The casing (edging) is carried out after the window opening is prepared.

First you need to prepare a 150x40 board for the top of the window opening. You need to take the board along the width of the opening and cut out two rectangular recesses at both ends, which will help install the board so that the previously formed ridge fits into these grooves.

This is what the board looks like:

The board is installed on top of the carriage bars and attached to them with self-tapping screws.

The height of the opening should be 3-5 cm greater than the height of the window being mounted to allow it to be foamed.

The distance between the log above the window and the board of the window opening formed using the flashing must also be at least 5 cm to allow shrinkage of the log house logs. This space should be filled with insulation.

After inserting the window and securing it with nails or polyurethane foam, the frame can be covered with platbands on top to give a beautiful appearance.

The diagram for installing a window in a log house is shown in the figure below:

You can also watch a video that shows the process of installing a U-shaped frame with your own hands (click triangle to play):

Now you know how to properly install windows in a log house.
In the following articles we will learn how to sand logs after caulking and shrinkage, and we will also talk about how to carry out interior finishing and how to choose the right doors for a bathhouse.

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It is known that wooden windows in houses built from timber are rightfully considered the safest and practical solution, which favorably influences the indoor microclimate.

The fundamental thing in the presented case is that when it shrinks, the window system and walls behave uniformly. Their installation according to technology plays a decisive role here.

Features of installing windows in a wooden house

The assembly of windows in a timber building has certain features. As you know, wood shrinks. In houses made of chopped logs or during the first 5 years, shrinkage is about 10-13% of the height of the building, while shrinkage does not exceed 2%.

If there is warping of window structures, the formation of crown gaps in the walls or cracking of the glass unit, this indicates a violation of the technology during the installation process.

In houses from chopped wood, rounded logs, planed or profiled timber, it is advisable to install the window support after the house has settled (not earlier than 1.5 years after construction).
Installing windows after the construction of a log house is not rational due to the lack of the ability to calculate wall shrinkage. This indicator depends on the moisture content of the timber.
In houses made of laminated veneer lumber, installation of windows is allowed immediately after erection of walls and installation of the roof of the house.
Installation of windows must be carried out exclusively through sliding joints– support beams and casing. Tying window blocks and frame structures to logs or beams is strictly prohibited. Tight fastening during drying leads to a violation of the integrity of window modules and the walls of the building. In fact, the window system must balance separately in relation to the wall.
In the upper part above the window frames, it is necessary to provide a shrinkage reserve - gaps of 6-7 cm. Miscalculations of spare spaces can lead to poor closing of windows or roof gaps in walls.

Wooden window installation diagram

Preparing the window opening

Before installing the box, you should prepare the window opening. The opening must be rectangular in shape without cracks, recesses, distortions or other defects. It is necessary to remove from all its surfaces construction waste, dirt, dust and deposits.

In order to avoid distortions in the future, it is necessary to take accurate measurements of the external, internal and lateral sides of the opening.

In the case where the skew of the opening is significant and it is not possible to correct it, it is recommended to expand the window parameters in such a way that highest level the external hole exceeded the width by 2.5-4 cm and the height by 1-2 cm.

Extension can be achieved by installing an additional profile on the window. This will prevent the appearance of gaps between the box and the hole in areas of maximum distortion.

In addition to the option of expanding the size of the opening to correct the distortion, there is such an option as increasing the parameters of the window frame.

Casing

A special design that is wooden box without a bottom crossbar, the purpose of which is to securely fasten the window and maintain the shape of the window frame, regardless of the degree of shrinkage of the house, called casing or frame.

There are several types of this design:

One piece. It is made from specially processed solid material.
Adhesive. The individual components are made from type-setting boards, connected by means of microgrooves and glue. All burrs and small knots are removed.
Mixed. Part of the casing is made solid, and the other is made using glue. Upon completion of installation, the pigtail is varnished. This type Suitable for use on large window sills.

The window frame is made according to the size of each window. Moreover, if internal cladding is planned, then selection can be made for it. When facing on both sides, sampling is not performed.

Assembly of the casing can begin after preparing the window opening.

Its production is carried out as follows:

Grooves are machined in the base, which is adjacent to the window opening. A beam of the same size is inserted into them, acting as the side of the casing.
First, place the beam at the bottom of the opening, which will prevent displacement of the side elements.
A compactor is placed under the timber from linen tow.
Sealing material is placed in the recesses and install side boards.
The final stage is fastening the top board of the structure.
A space is left on top of the jamb for the wood to dry out and filled with sealant. This way, during the process of drying the logs, the load on the window opening will not be affected.

Window installation

Window installation is carried out in the following sequence:

A waterproofing layer is placed on the lower part of the opening. and sealing material.
Install window frame and fix it with the help of linings or wedges made of wood.
Using building level or a plumb line, adjust horizontal and vertical lines. In this case, you need to pay attention to the actual horizontal and vertical, and not to the sides of the window opening.
On each side of the opening, in increments of 50 cm, drill holes.
Using self-tapping screws fix the box.
Insulate the space between the frame and the wall sealing material.
Next, the frame is mounted. It is installed in the grooves of the box and secured to it with screws.
Window blocks are installed on the frame using hinges(severable and inseparable). The difference between them is the possibility of removing the hinge. Detachable ones are convenient in areas where there is no possibility of raising the window transom. Smooth fastening of the hinges facilitates even hanging of window transoms. They are fastened using screws.
The sash is locked using a locking element or latch. After checking the opening and closing of the transom, you should secure the frame using nails.
Next we move on to installing window sills. They are mounted from the inside so that the side edges extend into the walls by 4.5-5 cm on both sides.
Immediately before installation, using a lime-gypsum mixture, align the lower part of the window opening.
The window sill is fixed using wedges. After laying the thermal insulation material, it is finally fixed.
Installation of drip linings is carried out from the outside of the opening– the entire width of the frame’s recess into the base.
The gaps between the casing of the base and frame, as well as the top and sides of the window, are covered with platband. It is advisable to use the same type of wood from which the house is built as platbands.
All parts of the casing are connected to each other. To do this, use spikes, nails or an adhesive solution.
Placement marking is carried out in advance fastening elements (step is 10-12 cm).
So that during the process of attaching the platbands they do not move, the structure can be placed on glue.
The final stage is fixing the platbands with nails or self-tapping screws, and closing the gaps between the base and platbands with sealing material.

For the manufacture of casing, wood with a moisture content of at least 10% is used., otherwise cracks will form inside the structure over time.
When making a joint, it is strictly prohibited use metal fasteners.
Construction foam should not be used as a sealing material when assembling the casing. IN in this case The wood is held together, which prevents its natural drying.
When installing windows, it is important to make the holes for them correctly. The optimal distance from the window sill to the floor is 85-90 cm.
Experts do not recommend installing windows without installing frames, even if the house was built many years ago and the frame is completely dry. This is due to the fact that throughout its lifespan the tree has a tendency to dry out.
For greater efficiency and heat retention, wooden windows should be installed closer to outside window hole.
It is necessary to choose hard wood as a material for the window sill. A window sill made of laminated wood has the longest service life; a window sill made of solid wood has the shortest service life (as a rule, the product is subject to warping).
The angles of the window opening should be 90 degrees, and the diagonals should not differ by more than 10 mm. If the hole in the base is larger than the allowable size, more sealing material will be required. If you do not ensure that the corners are even, the box may warp.
It is important to correctly calculate the seating depth of the window in the opening so that the dew point isoline, equal to 10 degrees, passes in its inner part. Then the formation of condensation on inside there will be no window.

October 18, 2016
Specialization: Capital construction work(laying a foundation, erecting walls, constructing a roof, etc.). Internal construction work (laying internal communications, rough and fine finishing). Hobby: mobile communications, high technology, computer equipment, programming.

In this article we will talk about windows in wooden log house. I will tell you which models can be used to arrange such a home, and also describe in detail their features, advantages and disadvantages.

And the instructions given at the end of the material will help you figure out how to install plastic window blocks in a log house yourself. This process has certain nuances that you should be aware of.

Types of windows used

First, let's look at what windows can be used for cottages built from logs. All existing varieties can be divided into several groups-categories. I have drawn a small diagram to help you navigate.

And now about each variety in more detail.

By material

I’ll start my story with a description of the materials from which you can make windows for a wooden home. There are three varieties that are most popular here.

Wooden windows

This can be inexpensive coniferous and deciduous lumber (spruce, pine and others), as well as valuable wood (red, oak, wenge, teak).

Not so long ago, exclusively wooden windows were used in private and commercial construction, but now they have given way to more modern designs made of aluminum and plastic.

However, many people use wood window units. And this is understandable, because such windows have many advantages.

Characteristic	Description
Low thermal conductivity	Wood itself is a good thermal insulation material. That's why thermal energy, generated by heating devices, will not be spent unproductively through window openings.
High frost resistance	Wood can be used in a wide temperature range without changing its appearance and technical characteristics.
High vapor permeability	One of the most important qualities of a wooden window. Wood does not prevent air infiltration through the window structure, which promotes self-regulation of the microclimate in the room.
Environmental friendliness	The tree is natural material, does not highlight harmful substances and does not cause harm to human health. Moreover, some wood species emit phytoncides, which have a healing effect.
Good sound insulation	The material absorbs sound waves of air and structural origin quite well, so wooden windows will protect your peace and sleep from loud sounds from the street.
Attractive appearance	Wooden windows, especially those made of valuable wood, look much more impressive and luxurious plastic structures, which are made “like wood”. You can also use models made of inexpensive wood, finished with oak or other similar veneer.

Here it is necessary to clarify that all the shortcomings inherent in wooden windows that were installed in houses built in the middle of the last century have now been eliminated. If previously the described products were deformed over time, had many cracks and quickly dried out, now, thanks to new technologies, this is out of the question.

For the manufacture of wooden windows, hardwood or laminated veneer lumber is used, which does not deform during operation. For glazing, multi-chamber sealed double-glazed windows are used, which have a low thermal conductivity coefficient and a high degree of sound insulation. The fittings on which the doors are hung allow them to open in any plane, including for slot ventilation.

All window blocks that are sold in construction stores, are treated with fire retardants, which reduce the flammability of the material and prevent further spread of flame during a fire.

Modern plastic windows are far from the cheapest pleasure. The price of high-quality window blocks made of wood, even of not very valuable species, is higher than similar structures made of plastic.

Plastic and metal-plastic windows

Such designs first saw the light in the 50s of the 20th century, but their active use in civil engineering started only in the 2000s. Polyvinyl chloride is used to make window blocks, so the cost of the products is not so high.

Metallo plastic window consists of the following parts:

profile made of polyvinyl chloride;
galvanized reinforcing structure installed in the internal chambers of the window block;
fittings for opening and closing;
glass unit

Due to the ease of processing of plastic, models of any shape, configuration and size can be made from it. However, in this case you will have to take care of further textile decoration of the window. For example, buy curtains with beveled frames or something similar.

The window itself has many advantages and several disadvantages. For comparison, I made a small table.

Advantages	Flaws
Plastic products have a long service life. If installation conditions are met, they can last at least 50 years.	Plastic windows do not “breathe”. The polymer completely stops air infiltration, so it accumulates inside the room. large number water vapor in the air. It is necessary to organize effective ventilation.
Window units are not affected by fluctuations in temperature and humidity outside. They perfectly withstand significant snow, water and wind loads.	If a plastic window unit is damaged, it will be impossible to repair it. You will have to replace the sash or the entire window.
The material perfectly withstands direct exposure sun rays. The surface of window blocks does not change color and is not deformed.	PVC windows accumulate static electricity and, as a result, attract dust, which is clearly visible on the surface.
Plastic windows have a low thermal conductivity coefficient and absorb sound well. However, for this it is necessary to strictly follow the installation technology, especially in walls made of rounded logs.
PVC window frames and double-glazed windows do not freeze at low air temperatures.
The material withstands mechanical stress very well. The plastic is not damaged when exposed to most chemicals and their connections.
Window units do not require periodic maintenance during operation or additional decorative design after installation.
The polymer from which windows are made contains a fire retardant, which prevents fire ignition.

In order for plastic windows to blend seamlessly with walls built from logs, the windows may not be white, as in most cases, but painted in other colors. Also, the surface of the frames can be decorated with films that imitate the color and texture of wood.

Aluminum windows

Windows made from this material were previously used only in commercial construction for furnishing shopping centers, production premises etc. But now they can be seen more and more often; they are also used in the construction of log houses.

The material has the following characteristics:

Advantages	Flaws
Long service life. Window blocks made of aluminum have a guaranteed service life of at least 60 years.	Even with a slight mechanical impact, a small scratch may appear on the surface of the frame. It spoils the appearance and you can’t get rid of it. Coloring is done according to special technology, which cannot be reproduced manually.
The windows are absolutely fireproof, which is important for wooden houses. Aluminum does not ignite when exposed to flame, does not spread fire, and does not emit combustion products dangerous to humans into the air.	Despite its high resistance to external influences, aluminum is still susceptible to corrosion. And this process happens faster if the outer decorative coating is damaged.
Thanks to their very narrow aluminum frames, the windows allow maximum daylight into the rooms.	The cost of aluminum windows is very high. The price of the models is more expensive than all other varieties described here.
Aluminum products are characterized by the highest strength, so if necessary, you can order and manufacture window blocks very large size and squares.

However, to choose a suitable design, it is not enough to decide only on the materials. There are also other criteria.

By opening type

Another the most important criterion window selection - type of opening of the sashes. Unlike buildings of the last century, where they simply swung open to the sides, now there are many more ways.

The following options exist:

Hinged window. Classic opening option. The doors can swing open only in one plane, which depends on the mounted fittings. You can swing them left and right, out and in, as well as up. Didn't meet downstairs.

The disadvantage of this solution is that to open the window it is necessary to provide free space. You will also have to remove all items placed on the windowsill and near the window. And the last drawback is that there is no possibility of slot ventilation, which complicates the operation of the window in winter.

A type of construction when the window sashes are completely absent, and the double-glazed window is inserted directly into window unit. Typically, a completely blind window is rarely used (for example, in storerooms, bathhouses, and so on). More often you can find one or more blind sections of the window, which are combined with opening parts.

Another option for using a blind window is the need to glaze a large area. For example, if you want to make a log gazebo with a lot of glass walls.

Thanks to special fittings, the window sash opens in a vertical plane, forming an access gap in the upper part fresh air into the room.

These types of windows are the safest from the point of view of use in children's and other similar institutions. It is impossible to open the window completely, so no one can fall out.

Tilt and turn window. The product is a combination of the first and third varieties. By turning the handle in a certain direction, you can either open the sash for slot ventilation, or open the window completely.

In my opinion this is optimal scheme windows for arrangement log house. You can open the windows in the summer, enjoying the sounds of nature, and provide ventilation in the winter, avoiding significant heat loss.

Perfect for a residential building, but more suitable for arranging a gazebo or veranda.

The product has two independent sashes, but does not have a partition in the middle (it is called an impost). As a result, when you open a window, no details of the window block prevent you from contemplating the opening landscape.

There are also other windows, in particular sliding and folding windows.

Installation of a plastic window in a log wall

Despite the huge selection of windows, as you can see, the most popular are plastic products thanks to the optimal ratio operational properties and cost.

Some nuances of the process

First, about the principles of installation. I note that the service life of a PVC window block directly depends on the quality of construction of a log dwelling. In particular, it is necessary that the structure completely shrinks and is preserved.

Otherwise, the installed products may be deformed and sometimes completely destroyed due to changes in the geometry of the walls and window openings. Therefore, I strongly recommend starting to install windows only after at least 9 months have passed after the completion of the construction of the “box”.

Before installing plastic windows, it is necessary to install the so-called frame (casing). It is made from boards and takes on the load when the structure deforms, preserving the plastic product from damage.

There are several ways to design a pigtail:

With a mortgage block.

In this case, in window opening A groove is made at the ends of the log logs, into which a beam with a cross section of 5 by 5 cm is inserted. To avoid the embedded element falling out and to reduce the thermal conductivity coefficient, the structure can be insulated with felt, jute or flax fiber.

Then from edged boards with a cross section of 5 by 15 or 5 by 20 cm, a U-shaped pigtail is assembled, which is already assembled form installed in the window opening. At the same time, it must be attached not to the walls of the house, but to the embedded beam. Only the lower parts of the pigtail can be attached to the crown.

Between the top part of the window frame and the top log of the wall, it is necessary to leave a gap of 8 cm thick, which is later filled with insulating material ( Under no circumstances should you use polyurethane foam).

Spike monolith.

To make this type of frame, it is best to use laminated timber, which does not change its geometric dimensions during operation. Its cross-section should be 10 by 15 or 10 by 20 cm, depending on the thickness of the walls. A tenon measuring 5 by 5 cm is cut into the timber itself (that is, the same as the embedding timber described in the previous paragraph).

First, you need to lay jute insulation in the pre-cut recess, and then insert the two side casing parts. They, as in the previous case, are attached only to the lower rim of the opening.

Then in top part of the opening, the last one (third board) is inserted. It is fixed side by side between two side casing parts. It is not firmly fixed in order to be able to “walk” during the further shrinkage of the house.

Into the deck.

The difference with the previous options is that the tenon is located at the ends of the wall, and the recess under it is in the beams of the frame. The size of the element protruding on the logs should be the same - 5 by 5 cm. The selected recess on the casing corresponds to it.

After preparing the parts, the protruding part is insulated with insulation, after which two side elements with a recess are stuffed onto it. The further scheme is similar to that described in paragraph 2.

The lower part of the parts is attached to the lower beam of the log house, and the upper element is placed apart between the side ones. A thermal gap in the upper part is also required and is filled with thermal insulation material.

With a quarter. It differs in that the casing box does not have additional elements for fastening. At its core, this method of installing a pigtail is a modification of the first type (with an embedded bar).

This installation method is used in cases where you want to make casing elements of a special shape. They usually repeat the window quarter in standard buildings and allow windows to be fixed in a log house more accurately and visually attractive.

For decoration in this case, additional decorative elements– – which decorate the uneven edges of the window opening from the outside and internal parts Houses.

Installation technology

From all the variety described above, I chose the third design of the casing of a plastic window, so I’ll tell you about it further.

Sequence of actions:

I am making two parts for the side elements of the casing. Considering that usually window and doorways there are a lot of things in the house, I wonder how this process can be speeded up and automated.

So, for my work I will need a beam with a cross-section of 15 by 10 cm. The dimensions of the selected groove should be 5 by 5 cm. As for the length, it can be adjusted during the installation process. But the parts need to be cut so that they are 5-7 cm less than the height of the window opening of the log house.

The groove selection scheme is as follows:

First, on the wide part of the beam, I draw two parallel lines at a distance of 5 cm from the edge. Since the width of the beam is 150 cm, the width of the inner part will also be 5 cm, which is what we need.
Then I set the cutting depth circular saw by 52 mm, after which I make two parallel cuts, focusing on the pre-made markings.

Then I make many cuts (the more the better) inside the marked part (there will be a recess there). The more cuts you make, the easier it will be to remove the excess wood.
Then I take an ax (you can also use a chisel, but it will take longer) and use its blade to select large pieces of wood from the future groove. Thanks to the fact that I made a lot of cuts in advance, the work will progress very quickly.

After the rough work is completed, you can begin the finishing work. Here you will need a chisel. You need to use it to select the remains of wood from the bottom of the recess. In this case, it will no longer be possible to use an ax.

I make a ledge for installing the casing. As you understand, I will do it in a window or doorway. You will need a gas or electric saw. Remember safety precautions when working with it.

You need to start, as everywhere else, with markings. First of all, I draw an even vertical line along the ends of the logs, along which the center of the window block will be located.

In my case, the line falls exactly on the center of the end of the wall, but this is not necessary. You can shift the central axis to the outside, then you can install a wider window sill inside.

Afterwards, it is necessary to set aside 25 mm from this line in two directions (the thickness of the ridge on which the casing will be placed) and draw two more parallel lines. They will be used for cutting.

The production of the comb itself is carried out as follows:

First, you need to make two cuts from the end of the wall using an electric or chainsaw, focusing on the outer lines. The cutting depth should be about 5.5 cm. If you do less, the casing will not sit completely on the tenon. If it is larger, the window opening will not look very nice. More precisely, very ugly.

Then you can move on to the external and inner surface walls Set aside a distance of 55 mm on the surface of the log, draw a vertical line, and then make a cut. If everything is done correctly, then part of the wood will immediately fall off and, as a result, a spike will form, on which the pigtail will be placed in the future.

Usually, after working with a saw, you do not need to further process the tenon with a chisel, but if you find some defect, you can correct it with this tool.

I'm making the top part of the casing. It will be somewhat different from the generally accepted one, but this way, in my opinion, it will be even stronger. The point is that it will not be installed in space between the side parts, but directly on the tenon selected in the walls.

How to do it:

I take a well-dried board (so that it does not move during the drying process) measuring 15 by 4 cm with evenly cut ends. Its length should correspond to the distance between the ridges at the ends of the window opening plus 5 cm on each side.
I make cutouts in the sidewalls that follow the shape of the spike. It turns out that at the end of the board I cut out a square inside with a side of 5 cm, which is also 5 cm away from the long edge.

I place the prepared board on the ridges of the window opening. To do this, you first need to put on one edge, then place the board diagonally and put it on the other edge. Then, tapping on the board, you need to move it to the top of the opening, placing it at a distance of 5 cm from the top beam.

I am installing the vertical parts of the frame. To do this, from the prepared timber with the selected recess, I cut out two parts, the length of which corresponds to the distance between the upper installed board (see point 3) and the lower edge (log) of the window opening.

Then you need to install these details:

I put it on the crest of the wall. You can, as I said, use tow, jute or others thermal insulation materials. The insulation not only reduces heat loss through the window opening, but also serves as a seal for the window frame, and also avoids the occurrence of unpleasant squeaks during the operation of the home.

Then I put two vertical parts of the future pigtail on top of the insulated comb. To make them fit tightly, I use a hammer (the main thing is not to make noticeable dents on the surface). The pigtail should fit tightly so that there is only a gap of a few millimeters between the beam and the log (this is possible if the whole previous work you did it correctly and carefully).

Pay special attention to securing the parts to each other. Self-tapping screws only need to be twisted vertical bars And horizontal board, without ever hitting a spike on the wall. Otherwise, you will end up with a rigidly connected structure, which is what we are trying to avoid with the help of a pigtail.

I am installing a plastic window. It is already mounted in the casing and the scheme itself is not much different from attaching a PVC block to mineral wall. However, I will point out a few nuances:

The ordered finished window block must be inserted into the window opening with a frame. Since its dimensions will be smaller than the height of the window, it is necessary to substitute wooden blocks, which will hold the part in place until installation is completed.

After alignment, you can screw the block onto the brackets. Again, make sure that the screws only go into the casing, without affecting the main walls of the home. Otherwise, the block may become deformed during the shrinkage of the house.

Then all that remains is to complete the final installation, filling the gaps between the frame and the window with polyurethane foam. The gap between the casing and the wall (above) is insulated with tow or jute, and not with foam.

Once the sealant has hardened, you can begin the final decorative finishing.

Resume

As you can see, the choice of windows for a log house is quite wide, so you can choose the option that suits your taste. If you are interested in other aspects of performing repairs and finishing works, you can see them in the video in this article.

You can leave your opinion on the material presented above in the comments. If you have any questions, ask them there.

Wood - natural building material, it breathes, dries and as a result can:

change the size along the fibers depending on the surrounding air humidity, while practically not changing the size in length;
when drying, deform due to internal stresses.

This process is called: within several years after construction, a house made of timber or logs settles. In the first year, the most noticeable shrinkage occurs; in the 3-5th year it can no longer be taken into account, but the process itself continues throughout life wooden house.

The degree of shrinkage of the houses differs from each other: if the house is made of natural humidity or a rounded log will shrink by 5-7%, then a house from - only 1-3%. The last option is the most stable. But there will still be shrinkage. And it’s unlikely that anyone will agree to wait, even if only 3 years (for laminated veneer lumber), to install windows and doors in a house and start living there. It is important to anticipate height losses in advance and install windows and doors correctly. The solution to the problem is simple - installing a pigtail.

Although the name is unsightly, it will keep your house and windows intact. After all, if during shrinkage the logs begin to shrink unevenly (they will be hampered by the rigid structure of windows and doors), then the logs and beams will inevitably begin to twist. Which will ultimately lead to curvature of the walls and the formation of cracks, which will be almost impossible to fix.

Types of window frames

A frame, casing or window frame is a timber frame around the perimeter of an opening in a wooden house that does not interfere with the vertical shrinkage of the walls. As a rule, it is made of solid wood: spruce, pine, larch or oak. The structure is mounted in a side rack on a groove, without the use of rigid fastening to load-bearing walls. A gap is left at the top to compensate for shrinkage.

U-shaped window frame, or a country-style joint. Suitable for all types of houses. A tenon is cut out on the beam or log of the house, and a groove of the appropriate size is knocked out on the beam intended for the sidewalls of the window frame. The vertical movement of the frame will follow this groove, which will act as a guide rail. A jumper is installed on top - the vertex.

T-shaped window box. In this case, the groove, on the contrary, is knocked out in the wall logs or timber, and the tenon is on the sidewalls of the frame. It is believed that the T-shaped socket is stronger.

How to make a window opening in a wooden house

It is optimal to make a window opening from timber of the same size and type as the walls. So, for a house made of 150x150 mm timber, take a well-dried 150x100 mm timber for the sides, 150x50 mm for the top and a window sill as the bottom part of the window frame. The crack at the top is filled with tow or thin boards wrapped in tow. In the second case, as the walls lower, the boards will need to be carefully knocked out.

It is most convenient to use a chain saw to cut the opening. Calculating the cutting size is not an easy task, since you need to take into account: the size of the future window, the size of the window frame parts (approximately 50-60 mm on each side), the width of the installation gap (15 mm), the horizontal height of the shrinkage gap is additionally taken into account (30-50 mm) and the height of the window sill.

Window frame installation

The prepared parts are treated with an antiseptic before installation. The ridges of the logs are covered with insulation, which is secured with small nails or staples. Tape insulation based on rope or flax fibers are suitable. Foam should not be used as the material must be able to compress. Sealant can be used as an additional material.

First, the bottom crossbar or window sill is mounted, then the side posts of the window frame. At the end, the upper jumper is inserted into the upper groove of the racks. After assembling the box, it is carefully connected with self-tapping screws. It is important that they do not fall into the logs.

Installation of windows in a log house

It has no fundamental differences.

The frame is fixed in the frame using self-tapping screws and special fastenings - anchor plates. They are attached to the window frame with self-tapping screws. It is unacceptable for self-tapping screws, passing through the window frame, to enter the ends of the walls. This will interfere with shrinkage and ruin all your efforts. Double-glazed windows can be fixed directly through the frame, without removing the double-glazed windows and sashes from the frame during installation.

The window is installed strictly according to the level, otherwise in the future you will not be able to open and close it. The gaps that are visible in the opening after installing the casing must be filled with tow or insulation.

After installing the windows and insulation, they install platbands.

Typical mistakes when installing windows:

Installing windows on polyurethane foam without using a window frame.
Using a thin board for the pigtail.
Using screws that are too long.
Rigid fastening of the window frame bars to the wall.
The compensation gap left between the window frame and the walls is too small, which should be 1.5-2 times the calculated shrinkage height.
The window frame was installed in the log house too early: the window frame can be installed no earlier than a year after the installation of the log house.

I like

When installing windows in a wooden house, it is necessary to take into account some features when building a house from timber or logs. Wooden houses shrink after construction; in the first year after its installation, the log house shrinks by 3-5 cm. based on 3 meters of height. This is a consequence of the drying out of the logs and the pressing of the sealing material between the crowns. That is why, when installing windows in a wooden house, you need to remember that the log house (or timber) will gradually shrink for about 5-6 years. And this is the main factor that needs to be taken into account when installing windows in a wooden house. During further operation, the house “lives”, i.e. subject to constant movement, with high humidity the tree swells when high temperature and moderate humidity - it dries out. When installing windows in wooden house a design is used that experts call casing (or casing).

When installing windows in wooden houses, it is necessary to ensure that the walls of the house have the ability to shrink, but at the same time it is necessary to avoid putting pressure on the windows themselves. Therefore, the main purpose of this design is to firmly fasten windows in the opening while maintaining the independence of the entire window structure from transmitted loads load-bearing walls. In other words, the casing (or casing) serves to eliminate the pressure of the logs on the windows during the process of shrinkage and movement of the house.

How to do it right

To install windows in a wooden house without negative consequences, you need to correctly cut window openings in a wooden house. Most optimal distance from the floor to the window sill - 80-90 cm, so that you can walk up to the window and rest your palms on the window sill as comfortably as possible. Dining, desks And kitchen countertops As a rule, they have a height of 75-85 cm, and the window sill should be slightly higher than the countertops. It is also necessary to check that there is no curvature of the windows.

Casing

As we mentioned earlier, casing is a structure used when installing windows in wooden houses, the purpose of which is to firmly fasten windows and maintain the independence of the entire window structure from the load-bearing walls of a wooden house, protecting them from curvature during shrinkage of log houses (timbers).

The casing can be of two types: to install wooden windows in wooden houses, grooves are made into which bars of the same size are inserted; To install plastic windows in wooden houses, a ridge is cut out at the ends of the logs, onto which a window carriage with a groove is placed.

The builders who are constructing the house can make the casing.

The window opening must be properly prepared for installation work installation of the casing, and then it will be possible to begin assembling the casing. To install the window correctly, the width of the opening should be 3-4 cm greater than the width of the window for using insulating foam, and the height of the opening should be 6-8 cm greater than the height of the ordered window for installing a window sill and using insulating foam. Between the top of the resulting window opening and the log needs to leave a gap of about 5cm to allow the logs to shrink.

When installing windows in the casing of a wooden house, you should not drill through the frames, so as not to violate the tightness and thermal insulation; for these purposes, it is advisable to use special fasteners - anchor plates.

Plastic windows in wooden log house installed according to generally accepted technology:

the window structure is mechanically fixed in the casing using screws and anchor plates;
grooves and joint holes are filled with polyurethane foam and installed mounting tapes to protect foam;
internal and external finishing by using plastic slopes, ebbs and window sills;
adjusting and checking all components for functionality.

In conclusion, it should be noted that any construction process consists of more important and less important stages. Errors when installing windows are not irreparable, but they can cost you a lot. Installation is carried out according to the established scheme and takes 1-2 days, while the preparatory and subsequent stages require much more time and attention. But correctly selected and installed plastic windows will save you a lot of effort and money in the future.