Wood chips for wood concrete are the main component of the material (from 75% to 90% of the total volume). The selection and preparation of wood filler is an important step that directly affects the structural and thermal insulation characteristics of wood concrete.

Almost any wood is suitable for wood concrete. The best option would be to use coniferous species (for example, pine, spruce) or hardwood species (for example, birch, oak, poplar, aspen). It is strictly forbidden to use larch, beech (due to the increased content of substances harmful to cement - sugars), and also freshly cut wood cannot be used; it must lie down for 3-4 months.

To produce wood chips, any logging waste (twigs, branches, tree tops), woodworking waste (slabs, rounding residues), and secondary waste ( wooden furniture, pallets, etc.). The volume of wood filler should contain no more than 10% bark admixture, no more than 5% pine needles and leaves by weight of the dry filler.

Why is pine needles better? Wood contains substances that adversely affect the characteristics of wood concrete, especially strength: various groups of sugars, starch, extractives. Their content in coniferous trees is less than in hardwood and other species. In any case, aggregate produced from the above rocks requires further preparation and processing. It’s just that removing sugars from the filler of hardwood trees, unlike coniferous trees, requires a little more effort and components.

Chemical composition of wood species

Wood chips: shape and size

The geometry and size of wood chips for preparing the wood concrete mixture is determined by GOST 19222 for wood concrete.

Wood chips

Firstly, according to GOST 19222, the wood fraction must have a needle-like shape to create a reinforcing effect and increase the strength of the material. Secondly, the best wood chips for wood concrete must meet the following requirements:

• length should not exceed 30 mm (optimal length 20 mm)
• the width should be no more than 10 mm (the best option is 5 mm)
• thickness 5 mm

Machine for making wood concrete chips

The correct geometry and size of aggregate fractions can be obtained by manufacturing it on chipping and chipping machines. Great option To obtain the correct needle shape and size of the chips is to use wood shredders. However, a wood shredder is a very expensive machine. Chip cutters for wood concrete (hammer crushers) will give no worse results. It is also possible to produce large size fractions on rotary chippers and then re-grind in a chip crusher.

Wood shredder

If you buy one of the machines described above, you can easily make wood chips with your own hands. But most often, wood filler is easier to purchase from forestry enterprises.

Preparing wood chips for wood concrete

Harmful substances contained in wood filler negatively affect the strength of wood concrete. Therefore, an important step before producing a wood concrete mixture is the preparation and processing of wood filler.

There are the following methods for preparing the aggregate:

Physical way

It involves treating wood with water, which washes out a significant portion of water-soluble substances. This is why freshly cut wood contains more water-soluble sugars than driftwood. Wood that is stored under cover will contain more water-soluble substances than wood that has been left out in the rain. A great effect can be achieved by soaking wood chips for a long time in a pool, but this requires space. It is enough to soak for a day in ordinary water or 2-3 hours in a warm place.

Chemical method

The easiest way: oxidation of tannins with atmospheric oxygen. To do this, the wood is kept in the air, and preferably under the sun.

Chemical reactions that occur during woodchip processing chemicals, convert sugars into insoluble and harmless compounds, and also create an impermeable film. To envelop wood waste with an impermeable film, urea-formaldehyde resin (KS-11 or KF-MT-P) is used. To reduce the influence of sugars harmful to cement, before creating a cement mixture, wood chips for wood concrete are impregnated with a mineralizer (4 - 10% bleach solution). The impregnation process is called mineralization.

In practice, it is popular to treat wood filler with solutions of calcium chloride, liquid glass and alumina sulfate to eliminate the effect of harmful sugars on cement. Calcium chloride should only be used on seasoned softwood wood chips. When using liquid glass and alumina sulfate, the type of wood and its exposure time are not important, however, when using them, the strength of the wood concrete decreases by almost half.

Calcium chloride or calcium chloride CaCl2

Biological method

Elimination of wood poisons is carried out using catalysts, which can be bacteria. This method includes simply heating the wood. It activates biological processes that will lead to partial fermentation and oxidation of water-soluble sugars. During the drying process, sugars become insoluble: they vitrify and crystallize.

Combined method

This method combines the above-described chemical and physical methods. However, it must be admitted that the combined method is labor-intensive.

There is an example of a combined method used in England. Boil the wood filler for 10 minutes and then rinse it in water. This partially removes water-soluble sugars. Then it is boiled in a 20% solution of iron sulfate to precipitate tannins.

Another recipe for the combined method: the wood chips are soaked in liquid glass from 5 hours to 24 hours, then it is washed and dried.

The section of GOST 19222 “Determining the suitability of wood filler” describes a method by which you can check the effectiveness of a particular method.

When in goes to the garden If there is some kind of construction, and it, as a rule, goes on all the time, then a lot of various wood waste is collected: sawdust, bark and wood chips. And if sawdust and bark are usually stored somewhere, then in most cases the wood chips are simply burned as completely unnecessary trash.

Most often, the best specimens are selected from them to light the stove, and all the rest go to the fire. As a result, a lot of organic matter useful for the garden disappears. Of course, it doesn’t completely disappear - ash still forms, but any wood is a ready-made building material for creating nutrient medium when growing new plants. And for it to start working, you just need to turn it into wood chips, sawdust, or shavings that are easy to rot.

In other countries, in particular in Germany, special limb pickers were invented long ago, which are easy to use and which, by the way, are easy to buy. And in Austria and Canada, wood chips are specially produced for gardeners. In general, not a single knot is wasted there. In our country, alas, no one has invented anything like this, and chopping branches manually with an ax and pruning shears is slave labor. But at least the chips that are simply formed during construction work, should not be burned.

Wood chips for mulching

It is very useful to use wood chips as mulching material for trees and shrubs. Chips retain moisture in the soil well and regulate temperature regime. It is often used as decorative coating in the beds to avoid the appearance of bare soil, on which weeds will immediately appear and will have to be weeded.

But it should be borne in mind that quickly rotting chips of deciduous trees (for example, birch) will require their own dose of nitrogen for decay. Therefore, here it is necessary to increase the dose of nitrogen fertilizing. And if you have coniferous wood chips, it will take a very long time to rot, and therefore problems with nitrogen deficiency usually will not arise.

Chips on the paths

Wood chips are often used as a decorative covering on paths. However, such coverage requires mandatory use sides so that the mulch does not crumble and is not washed away by rain. Moreover, unlike other types of coatings, such paths remain clean and without water in any dirt, since the chips allow any streams of water rushing from above to pass into the soil well. Walking on such paths is a pleasure; it’s like walking on a feather bed.

There is one more plus here - after a few years, the tree path turns into semi-humus, which can already be used to fuel greenhouses and hothouses. Of course, there will still be large pieces of wood left there, but you shouldn’t pay attention to them - they will rot, and the soil with them will only be looser and more breathable.

Chips for high beds

Anyone without exception wood material(including wood chips) is a good component for equipping multi-layered high beds. In such a bed, the basis of which is rotting plant remains of various wood prunings, many crops ripen faster, including tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants, peppers, carrots, beets, and the root crops grow much larger than in ordinary beds.

To build such a ridge, first remove the top fertile layer of soil and set it aside. Pour wood chips into the resulting trench 1 m wide and 3-5 m long (the length depends on your desire and capabilities) and rise to the required or intended height. And on top you place the previously laid soil. In order for the wood chips to heat up from below, it is advisable to thoroughly pour it with slurry and sprinkle it with lime.

Chips in a raspberry garden

Pay attention to those places in the forest where the most delicious and large raspberries grow - these are usually inaccessible places, littered with half-rotten stumps and trees. And if you prepare the soil in your raspberry garden just as well, then you will also be pleased with a bountiful harvest of large berries.

For example, in our garden, when planting our own raspberry tree (there was no soil there at all), we laid various rotting stumps directly on the stones; perhaps we collected all the stumps in the area. And then we filled the space between them with the same wood chips. And only then they laid a layer of manure with sawdust and tops. Top layer became the soil from the greenhouse. As a result, the raspberry plant was given to us at a considerable price, but now we are not complaining about the raspberry harvest.

By the way, chips in a raspberry garden are needed not only when forming the soil, but also afterwards for mulching - for a raspberry garden, chips are the best mulching material. And you don’t need to dig or loosen anything there in the fall (this is not required during the entire growing season either) - you just pour out another dose of wood chips, flavor them with a little manure - that’s all.

Wood chips when planting fruit trees

Proper preparation of planting holes for fruit trees– one of the important conditions for their healthy growth and good fruiting. Ignoring these conditions often leads to the most dire consequences; the trees do not take root well, look skinny, undersized - they show all the signs of weak vital activity, have difficulty withstanding adverse atmospheric and other phenomena, get sick easily and often suffer from attacks by various harmful insects.

Taking into account the condition of the soil, the depth of the holes should be from 70 cm to 1 m, and therefore a lot of organic matter is required in each hole for an apple tree. Therefore it is quite possible bottom layer put in wood waste, but large ones cannot be used, since then the pit will settle significantly. But it’s quite possible to lay wood chips there. In this case, it is better to mix the wood chips in layers with half-rotted manure. Of course, such pits need to be prepared in the fall, and seedlings should be planted in the spring.

Svetlana Shlyakhtina, Ekaterinburg

In this article we will talk about various ways getting rid of sawdust , their uses and compare them with each other.

In some cases you have to pay for someone to take it out and one way or another disposed of the sawdust, in others they are taken away by interested persons or organizations, and it happens that they are created by processing this material.

Sawdust is a unique material with many properties of wood. Therefore, such material is in great demand in:

• fuel production;
• production of building materials;
• home and agriculture;
• repair and construction work.

Fuel production

From sawdust it is obtained various types fuels, among which the most famous are pellets and briquettes.

These types of fuel can be used for conventional boilers, stoves or fireplaces, but the maximum effect is achieved only in automatic heating devices.

After all, all elements of one batch are identical in size and shape, thanks to which automatic fuel supply systems can dose them more accurately. Read more about these types of fuel.

Another popular type of fuel is mixture of different alcohols, which is obtained from fermented sawdust.

This material is mixed with a sulfuric acid solution and heated under pressure, causing the cellulose to break down into simple sugars that can be fermented.

After fermentation is complete, the mass is passed through a distiller, resulting in alcohols various quality.

Read more about this use of sawdust in a separate section.

Also obtained from sawdust pyrolysis gas, suitable for use in heating and cooking stoves, as well as in hot water boilers and another working for natural gas technology.

In terms of calorific value, pyrolysis gas is much inferior to natural gas, but, due to the minimal cost of its production, heating with pyrolysis gas is often cheaper than with natural gas.

Read more about this gas, the method of its production and use.

Manufacturing of building materials

Sawdust is used to produce building materials such as sawdust concrete.

Compared to conventional concrete, this material is noticeably lighter, and also has lower thermal conductivity, therefore, a house built from it loses less heat, which means you will have to spend less on additional insulation.

In addition, wood in concrete improves the vapor permeability of walls, thanks to which such houses always have optimal humidity, because its excess goes through the walls to the street.

Another popular material made from sawdust is wood concrete. In many ways it is similar to sawdust concrete, but it also has differences. After all, the mixture for pouring wood concrete is prepared without adding sand, that is, by mixing cement, sawdust and water.

Besides, this material lighter and stronger sawdust concrete, although it is much more expensive. You can read in more detail about the production and use of wood concrete in.

Sawdust makes good ones insulation and finishing materials:

• Fiberboard (fibreboard);
• Chipboard (chipboard);
• organic insulation.

Fiberboard is used for finishing walls, ceilings and floors, a t also forinterior lining cabinet space.

On the basis of fiberboard, a popular finishing material is made - hardboard, which differs from fiberboard by the presence of a decoratively treated side. Chipboard is used for creating furniture and many other works.

Organic insulation is only slightly inferior to mineral wool, but environmentally friendly, because its basis is paper obtained from sawdust.

Household and Agriculture

Sawdust is an excellent material for feeding various animals. This applies to both pets, such as hamsters, parrots or cats, and various livestock.

The material for backfill is chosen based on many factors, one of which is smell, because fresh sawdust has a strong smell, and not everyone likes it.

For more information on how to choose bedding, read the article (Sawdust for pets).

Another use for this material is in the soil around plants.

Bare soil quickly loses moisture, overheats and cools, causing plant roots to suffer. By filling the soil around the plant with waste from sawing wood, you will protect the roots, which will make the plant better able to withstand winter cold and summer heat, and it will also be possible to water it less often.

Wood sawing waste is an excellent material for growing mushrooms and creating quality fertilizer. Mushrooms receive enough nutrition from them to multiply quickly, and the cost of such food is low, and you can often get it for free.

Sawdust also makes good humus, saturating the soil with nutrients and increasing plant productivity.

To learn more about this method of using wood sawing waste, read the article (Sawdust fertilizer).
It is also very convenient to cover paths between beds in fields, vegetable gardens or greenhouses with sawmill waste.

Even after heavy rains along such paths it will be possible walk without getting muddy, so you can check your plants after a rainstorm.

Once every few years it will be necessary plow a garden or field so that the sawdust is evenly distributed over the ground and fertilizes it.

Repair and construction work

The main use of sawdust during repair and construction work is various insulations.

They are poured between thin wooden walls, thanks to which when minimum costs the thermal conductivity of such a wall is comparable to the same parameter of a wall made of timber of equal width.

That is, with a wall width of 20–30 cm, insulation will be required only in the northern regions.

In addition, wood sawing waste mixed with clay and the resulting solution is used to insulate ceilings, floors and brick walls.

The effectiveness of such insulation is much lower than that achieved by using mineral wool or foam plastic, but you can increase the thickness of the layer, due to which significant savings are achieved.

The same compositions are made on the basis of lime or cement, which act as a binder. Read more about all the methods of insulation using wood sawing waste here ().

Processing business

If there is a constant supply of sawdust or the ability to get it for free or very cheap, then you can start a business processing it. The final product can be anything, so it is necessary to focus on the demand for a particular product.

For example, if gas is bad in a region, but people there is an opportunity to buy automatic boilers , then high-quality pellets and briquettes will be in good demand. Read about choosing such a boiler or burner.

After all, access to free or very cheap sawdust allows you to produce products whose price will be lower than the market average for similar products.

If you are interested in such a business, then read more about it.

Another promising direction is the production of sawdust for cats or hamsters.

For this purpose, wood sawing waste dried, treated with deodorants, giving a pleasant smell to the material, and are packaged in paper or plastic bags.

Selling sawdust in bags for smoking can be no less interesting.

After all, each product uses its own combination of wood species, providing the best taste and smell, so packaged sawdust of various types of wood will be in demand.

Responsibility for disposal of waste from the wood processing industry

Despite the fact that sawdust is classified as Hazard class 5 According to the federal catalog of waste classification, that is, practically safe, they still need to be disposed of in any available way.

In addition, dried sawdust is very flammable material, which is difficult to extinguish if the fire has gained strength. Therefore, wood sawing waste can be disposed of in any available way:

• dispose of in a landfill;
• bury in the ground;
• distribute to people and businesses;
• sell to any buyers;
• use for heating in winter;
• use in a subsidiary farm for any needs;
• used to produce pyrolysis gas and use it in any way;
• hand over to the nearest pulp and paper or chemical plant that processes wood;
• process in any way (a license may be required for the production of some products).

If the sawdust is not removed for a long time and there is a fire threat or someone else's territory is littered, then questions may arise from various regulatory organizations.

In Russia, the disposal of any waste, including sawdust, is regulated federal law N 89-FZ dated June 24, 1998 “On production and consumption waste”, which you can read by following this link.

Another document regulating the disposal of any waste, including sawdust, is the federal law of March 30, 1999 N 52-FZ “On the sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population.”

Everything is in it waste storage and disposal issues considered in terms of the impact on the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of people.

Therefore, any disposal method must comply with the laws adopted in Russia.

No permits are required for one-time burning of small quantities of sawdust, but for regular burning of large volumes, not only permits for the burning itself are required, but also recycling solution final product – ash or soot.

The same applies to burying sawdust in the ground. In some regions, claims may be made by officials in connection with formal violations of some points of the law, but in reality, such quibbles may be lobbying the interests of landfill owners.

Advantages and disadvantages of various processing methods

Any owner of a woodworking enterprise or sawmill wants to get rid of sawdust with maximum benefit, but there are situations when we're talking about It’s no longer about profit, but about minimizing the costs of disposing of this waste.

Recycling is the most profitable, but it all comes down to difficulties in selling finished goods and high cost of equipment.

To transport sawdust to a landfill, you need to obtain permission from Rosprirodnadzor (RPN) and buy quotas, and these are all considerable expenses.

After all, the amount of payment depends on the volume of material transported to the landfill. It is possible to bury sawdust in the ground if we are talking about a small batch, but when tens or hundreds of cubic meters of waste are received monthly, then it is no longer possible to bury them.

In addition, there is a high probability that burying large volumes of sawdust in the ground will arouse the interest of RPN officials, who will immediately begin issuing fines, because such work must be coordinated with them.

Wood sawing waste can be give to people for free, however, it is necessary to conclude an agreement with them on the free transfer of tangible assets.

Otherwise, questions may arise tax office.

Such an agreement can be concluded in simple written form.

Wood sawing waste can be sold in any volume if there are buyers, but it also needs to be dealt with enter into a formal contract and issue a receipt, otherwise the tax office will have questions. The same situation applies to the delivery of waste to recycling plants.

Selling sawdust may be in great demand in bags with delivery, even if you don’t make money from it, you can get rid of some of the accumulated waste. Stores take this product for sale at a low price and sell it as cat litter.

For such a sale you will also need enter into an agreement with the store, and also attach receipts confirming payment for the goods by the store. The disadvantage of this method is high transportation costs and the inability to accommodate large volumes of material. After all, even hypermarket chains will be able to take only a few tens of cubic meters of such material per month.

The easiest way is to use sawdust for heating your own premises in winter– this method of disposal does not require any documents.

However, even in this case one cannot do without bureaucracy, After all, during the combustion of wood, soot and ash are formed, which also need to be disposed of somehow. Otherwise, questions arise for the RPN and the fire department. After all, according to their logic, soot and ash are simply thrown into a landfill without paying a disposal fee for it.

Additionally, in the event of a fire at a landfill or any nearby waste storage area enterprises producing ash or soot will be under suspicion, but refused to enter into an agreement for their disposal.

The situation is the same with the production of pyrolysis gas: permits for the process itself and the use of gas on the territory of the enterprise are not required, but it is still necessary to conclude agreement for the disposal of soot and coal.

There are situations when sawdust sits for a long time and begins to rot, as a result of which cellulose breaks down into carbon dioxide and various sugars.

It’s difficult to get rid of such sawdust, because no one wants to take it even for free, so the easiest way is to bury it in the ground, having received this on-load tap-changer approval. This will cost less than purchasing quotas required for disposal of solid household waste to a landfill.

If the nearest on-load tap-changer is several hundred kilometers away, then sawdust can be bury without their consent.

When designing a garden area, they can be used different materials. But decorate yours without any worries summer cottage plot Decorative wood chips will help. This material is popular in garden landscape design. With its help, you can give an aesthetic appearance to the site, add a special color to the design of the territory, and you can also use wood chips as a natural bedding for fruit trees and shrubs. Read the article about the properties of decorative wood chips, their types and methods of use.

Features of the material

Wood chips, or mulch, is a decorative environmentally friendly product. It is obtained from tree bark. The material has a soft structure and does not tend to deform under the influence of natural factors. Being an organic product, decorative wood chips perform not only an aesthetic role. She found practical application as a fertilizer for the soil, enriching it useful substances. Wood chips are excellent material for soil insulation.

Pine bark is ideal for landscape design. Chips from coniferous trees will give vitality garden shrubs. You can survive severe frosts and insulate the soil using oak tree bark. In rainy weather, mulch will protect the soil from excess moisture, and in drought it will protect plant roots from the scorching heat. Decorative wood chips are a universal material that can be preserved in good condition for a long time. Therefore, in order to refresh the new layer, the old one is not removed.

Production technology

Processing wood raw materials is a technically complex production process. The production of decorative chips is carried out in several stages using high-tech modern equipment and is a waste-free production in its processing.

Deciduous and conifers trees. At the first stage, the bark is cleaned. Having crushed the raw material to pieces no more than 5 mm using a chipper, it is sifted into special equipment. Thanks to this treatment, tree bark is transformed into a homogeneous material that has a soft structure and high wear-resistant properties. Antiseptic treatment will destroy insect larvae and prevent fungus from occurring. Then the mulch is re-shredded and sifted.

At the second stage, natural wood chips become suitable for use, but are often subjected to decorative coloring. For this purpose, the processed prepared material is placed in a special container called a colorizer. Color palette This installation allows you to color wood chips using organic dyes in a wide variety of shades - from “golden cypress” to “sapphire”, including standard colors. On final stage After dyeing, the mulch is dried and packaged in transparent containers.

Types of mulch and its purpose

There are several types of decorative mulch, namely:

• colored wood chips are used to decorate flower beds, decorate garden plots, cover sports paths, etc.;

• wood chips cedar shell with the addition sawdust used for filling paths in park areas, durable and practical, stimulates the growth of beneficial microflora;
• pine mulch is used in natural form, enriches plants with useful substances, used as decorative wood chips in a natural reddish color;
• natural mulch with the addition of ash is an excellent organic fertilizer, used when replanting perennial plants.

Thus, decorative wood chips have many varieties. Price per bag finished material weighing 40 kg fluctuates around 250 rubles.

Making decorative wood chips with your own hands

For many gardeners, hand-made decorative wood chips become an economical option for decorating a garden plot. To make it you need:

• woodworking machine for processing wood waste;
• large capacity for coloring;
• stain and solution of any natural coloring matter ( onion peel, beet juice, potassium permanganate, tea leaves, brilliant green);
• drying area.

If necessary equipment is absent, then you can purchase finished raw materials at a woodworking factory or sawmill. In production, wood chips are just waste. For coloring in desired color the raw material is placed in a large container, into which an aqueous solution of the dye has already been added. Wood chips are light, so it is recommended to periodically stir the solution during the staining process. It must be borne in mind that homemade dyes do not have a stable color; therefore, the saturation of the paint will remain for a short time. After staining, the wood chips are dried and ready for use.

How to Lay Wood Chip Mulch

The process of laying decorative chips is simple. First you need to take a responsible approach to choosing it. The result will please you if the mulch is not caked, soft and slightly damp, but without obvious rotting processes and a sour smell.

"When and how to lay decorative chips?" - many gardeners will ask? The best time For this procedure, the end of May or September is considered. Before laying mulch, the soil must be carefully prepared by removing all weeds and dry leaves. The soil must be loosened and fertilized. The wood chips are placed on well-moistened soil according to preliminary markings, if the design is intended to be a composition.

After preparatory work The chips are leveled with a rake. The layer thickness should not exceed 5 cm in sunny, well-warmed areas. In the shade, the layer of mulch may be thinner. During the installation process, do not neglect the following nuances:

• to maintain air access to plant stems, it is necessary to leave a gap of 5 cm;
• if you place agro-fabric under the mulch layer, the consumption of wood chips will be reduced;
• an abundant stream of water can disrupt the placement of wood chips, so water carefully - keep in mind that the homemade dye will wash off over time.

Practical application in design

Wood chips have proven themselves not only as an environmentally friendly material, but have also found wide application V landscape design. Since the material retains its rich color for a long time, it is often used to create creative compositions, alpine slides, discounts and mixborders.

Decorative chips are used in design and how garden decoration when creating rose gardens that combine the beauty of wild stone and low-growing covering plants herbaceous plants. Waste tree bark can be used as a monochrome covering through which shrubs and flowers appear. Decorative mulch is used to cover lawns and flower beds and to separate buildings and beds.

In landscape design, colored chips, along with gravel, pebbles and stone tiles, are often used to create running paths and garden paths. It is convenient, low-cost and does not require additional preparation. It is enough to scatter the material across the entire width of the path. Thanks to its natural properties, wood chips will become indispensable in rainy weather, allowing you to maintain a neat appearance of the path and get rid of weeds.

The versatility of wood chips allows it to be used for arranging children's, sports and playgrounds. Such wood covering is not only safe, but also useful. Having acquired a soft structure in the process of double sanding, such a carpet will allow children to play even barefoot, and mothers will not have to worry about splinters.

Chip care

Caring for decorative wood chips is quite simple. During use, it tends to thicken and settle. This problem can be easily solved - just fluff the chips with a rake. At proper care the decorative properties of mulch are preserved for 5 years. It is only necessary to update the layer every season by adding fresh wood chips. This procedure will “revive” the paints on personal plot and restore the thickness of the wood layer.

Wood mulch and its benefits

Row undeniable advantages has decorative chips. In landscape design, with its help you can realize the most unique ideas. Among the main advantages:

• Environmental friendliness and versatility. The material from which decorative chips are made is absolutely safe for garden plantings, pets and humans. This is natural tree bark, which is free of chemical additives. This advantage is confirmed not only by professionals in the field of landscape design, but also by amateur gardeners.
• Reliable protection of plants and soil. Decorative wood chips in landscape design effectively protect the soil from weathering and washing away, leaving the soil loose and providing a flow of oxygen to the roots. Mulch helps maintain normal water balance plants. Due to low evaporation, there is no need for frequent watering garden crops and their loosening.

• Weed control. A 5 cm thick embankment will hinder their growth, as a result of which the weeds will not be able to develop normally and, therefore, will die.
• Performs the function of organic fertilizer. Colored decorative chips do not rot, but those painted in bright colors does not fade. Only after three seasons is mulch able to decompose, turning into organic fertilizer. And this, as you know, is a fertile environment for various insects, which, in turn, improve the structure of the soil, such as earthworms.
• Decorative properties of wood chips allows this functional material to be used for landscaping lawns, artificial reservoirs, garden paths, flower beds and other areas. According to gardeners, using colored chips you can create any geometric shapes in your garden plot.

Everyone knows that starting from the stage of timber harvesting and at all stages of wood processing, a colossal amount of waste remains. Among them are tree branches, tops, twigs, stumps, slabs, substandard fraction, sawdust and trimmings. Available various methods reducing the volume of wood waste. The simplest is combustion, but this method is ineffective and does not bring profit. Another method is the processing of wood waste to create wood chips.

Wood chips

Wood chips are created in a variety of wood chipping machines, allowing short terms carry out grinding of large volumes of wood waste to obtain high-quality technological chips at the output. Chip production facilities are a fairly profitable business that can regularly generate profits.

What is made from wood chips? Today, wood chips have a wide range of uses. It is used as fuel to operate gas generating equipment. Wood chip boilers provide buildings and businesses with steam and heat. Gas generators can operate on wood waste and are economical. If for the production of wood chips you use not just one wood chipper, but a full-fledged production line, including a chip cutter, a drum dryer, a gas generator, a sorting and packaging plant, conveyors and bunkers for the supply of raw materials, then the final product will be chips for smoking with low humidity. As a result, the shelf life and quality of the product increase.

Process chips are excellent for use as fuel in universal solid fuel boilers, due to efficiency and high level efficiency. Boiler rooms of both private houses and individual areas in large cities are increasingly equipped with such boilers. Fuel chips are in great demand today.

Chip brands

Requirements for woodchips

Wood species for making chips

Woodchip production

When producing wood chips of a specific size, in order to calibrate the raw materials, drum chippers are used, which are equipped with removable meshes with a given mesh size. In such installations, wood chips of any type are created specified parameters. For example, if your specialty is the production of wood chips for smoking, then it is important to use wood chips of the same size in the smokers. When using wood chips same size, you will never encounter the problem of small particles causing flames. Technological chips of the same caliber are an excellent material for creating building materials, for example, wood concrete. Due to the homogeneous mass, a high quality of the final product is achieved. Wood chip plants equipped with sizing grids significantly increase production capabilities.

Cellulose is produced from industrial wood chips, wood boards and products of wood chemical and hydrolysis industries. It is created from thin round wood raw materials with a cross section of 2-6 cm and a length of 1.0-3.0 m with a gradation of 0.5 m and maximum deviations in length ±5 cm.

Creation of wood concrete

From wood chips they create modern high-tech wall blocks. Arbolite blocks produced from wood chips and cement component. This produces a building material that is not hazardous to human health. It is lightweight, retains heat well, does not freeze, does not rot, and does not burn. Wood concrete panels are used for the construction of country cottages, as well as courtyard buildings, bathhouses, garages, storage facilities, cowsheds and poultry houses. Projects of arbolite buildings are almost similar to buildings made of brick or other materials. Wood concrete houses are an excellent replacement log houses. Today, high-quality wood concrete blocks are quite popular on the market, this makes it possible to erect a building in a short time.

Creation of building materials

Wood chips are actively used to create chipboard, fiberboard, cardboard and paper, plywood, briquettes for heating, wood pellets and pellets, and drywall. For these purposes, it is necessary to additionally grind the wood chips in wood chippers to obtain a finer fraction. The use of wood chips for the manufacture of building materials used in everyday life, makes it possible to significantly reduce tree cutting and reduce the amount of wood waste.

Substandard timber and industrial chips can accumulate as dead weight on the territory of forestry enterprises, but they can be given a second life, thereby saving the environment.

Any owner country house wants to make it unique and beautiful. Decorative wood chips can help with this, as they are an attractive product that is at the same time beneficial for the soil.

Decorative wood chips are used for mulching, that is, covering the soil in the process of growing both agricultural and ornamental plants. The main task of mulching is to prevent erosive destruction of the soil, suppress the development of weeds, and optimize water regime soil and improve soil nutrition of plants.

At the same time, today wood chip mulch is often used as a decorative element in landscape architecture and gardening. It perfectly complements the decorative properties of any plants and adds variety to the design of flower beds, gardens, squares and parks.

Despite the fact that marble chips, calibrated pine bark, gravel, and crushed stone can serve as decorative mulch, decorative chips are very popular today. The main advantages of wood chips:

• environmental safety
• ease of disposal
• softness (it’s even pleasant to walk on it)
• excellent aesthetic characteristics.

Decorative wood chips can be colored in a variety of shades. It is used as a background for landscaping elements, as well as as an independent decorative element. Mulch from this wood chips stylistically combines parts of the composition into one complete one, visually divides the area into zones and replaces the lawn, thereby creating enormous opportunities for creating unusual landscape design projects.

Mulching with decorative wood chips is an excellent way to enrich poor soil. Wood stimulates the reproduction of earthworms and beneficial microflora in the soil, protects it from drying out and has high heat-protective parameters.

Mulch is placed on warm and moist soil. In conditions middle zone In Russia this is done in May - June, after the threat of frost. The area needs to be cleared of perennial weeds, because they can grow through the wood chips. If you need to plant plants in mulched soil, the mulch layer will have to be removed. Decorative chips, or bark, should be added every year in the spring to maintain an attractive appearance, in a layer of 1 - 2 cm.

Alder and oak chips

Oak chips perfectly “ennoble” the taste alcoholic drink. This is the most common use of oak chips. It is added to various stages wine production, both at the very beginning of fermentation and during the filling of industrial containers with wine.

Oak chips brought to wine production are first “fried” over a fire and then saturated with water. Under the influence of flame and smoke, the wood chips become saturated with a persistent smoky smell, the aroma of smoked meats and caramel.

The use of wood chips in wine production can significantly increase the area of ​​contact between wine and wood, which significantly speeds up the aging process, and saturation with water reduces the concentration of tannins.

Alder chips are an excellent material for smoking a wide variety of products. It is alder chips - ideal option for preparing smoked dishes at home. During combustion, alder does not emit acrid toxic smoke, nor does it form a layer of soot on the surface. Alder chips can be used in any smokehouse: both factory-produced and self-designed.

The production of wood chips, despite the simplicity of the product, is a fairly profitable business. Especially considering that in our country there are very few enterprises that produce wood chips. Mainly, it is created in workshops based on other wood processing industries. In this article we will tell you how to make wood chips with your own hands and why it is profitable to engage in such a business.