How much does a cube of solution weigh? Cement-lime mortar for plastering walls How much sand is needed for 1 cubic meter of mortar.
Plastering walls and ceilings is important stage finishing works. Facing coating performs the functions of protection, decoration and additional insulation, perfectly hides seam joints and corrects minor defects masonry Strength and durability depend on the correct ratio of the components of the solution.
The basic composition of any plaster always remains the same: binder, filler and water. The choice of binder depends on the nature of the finishing work (external/internal) and operating conditions (wet/dry microclimate). It can be cement, clay, lime, gypsum. Quarry or river sand is most often used as a filler. Sawdust, perlite, fine slag, and granulated polystyrene are less common. The filler ensures the strength and smoothness of the layer.
In practice, for finishing exterior and interior walls cement mortars are most often chosen, they differ increased strength and durability. Technological feature is a slow (about 12 hours) setting. To change quality characteristics it is combined with other binders. The proportions of the main elements in the composition of the plaster determine its performance indicators.
- Pour in pre-sifted dry sand. To clear it of pebbles and shells, you need to use a sieve with small cells. For priming walls, a diameter of 2-3 mm is suitable, for finishing– no more than 1 mm.
- Add cement and mix everything thoroughly. It is very important that the sand is well dried, then it combines evenly with the cement, does not burden it and prevents the formation of lumps.
- Pour in water. First add no more than 2/3 of the total volume. Add the rest gradually, achieving homogeneity of the mass.
The prepared solution must be used within an hour. Left unspent, it begins to harden. If you add more water, you can restore elasticity, but the quality will be worse.
2. Cement-lime plaster.
Can be prepared in two ways:
- Mix lime paste with sand and add cement to it. Stirring constantly, add water little by little to the desired consistency.
- Cement and dry sand. Prepare lime milk by combining water with lime dough in a 1:1 ratio. Dilute the sand-cement mixture with milk.
3. Cement-clay.
- Wet the lumps of clay with water and cover them with a thick rag.
- Mix the swollen clay with sawdust in a ratio of 1:3.
- Adding water little by little, bring to the required density.
- To enhance the strength, add dry cement to the composition and mix thoroughly.
Solution consumption
The smaller building elements, the more seam joints in the masonry. This directly affects the unevenness of the walls. Deviations from the level can be both vertical and horizontal. Leveling highly curved surfaces will require a lot of compound. To calculate its consumption per 1 square meter, you need to multiply the thickness of the layer and the area of the walls.
To obtain curvature data, it is convenient to use a beacon. In this case, the minimum thickness of the plaster will be 6 mm. This slightly increases consumption, but all surfaces reach an ideal level.
To find out the maximum value of curvature, it is necessary to hang the walls in several places. The more measurements, the more accurate the calculations will be. For example, deviations of 10, 15 and 40 mm were found. These parameters need to be added up and the sum divided by the number of measurements: (10+15+40)/3=22 mm. The result is an average thickness of the plaster. Now all that remains is to multiply it by the area of the working surface.
For those developers who prefer to use ready-made mortar in dry form, it is easier to make calculations. On the back of the packaging, manufacturers themselves indicate the exact material consumption. With a layer thickness of 10 mm, approximately 10 kg of mixture per square wall is required.
Before you start construction work, it is necessary to calculate the use of building materials. If the consumption of bricks, roofing and lumber is easy to determine, then calculating the exact amount of cement is much more difficult. And it is necessary to purchase exactly as much as will be consumed, because such properties of the material as the ability to absorb moisture from the air make its storage undesirable.
To carry out the calculation you need to know the following:
1m3 equals 1000 liters
Standard weight of a bag of cement is 50 kg
One bag of cement contains 36 liters
1 liter of cement is equal to 1.4 kg/l (50/36)
Calculation of cement per cubic meter of plaster solution
When conducting plastering works are used various types cement mortars with different properties. As a rule, the following proportion is used: one part cement to three parts sand, however, such features as density, viscosity and time for complete drying are also taken into account.
To calculate the amount of cement when processing a wall, it is necessary to take into account the parameters of the area and thickness of the layer. So, for a wall that does not require leveling, the area of which is 50 m2, with a layer of plaster of 2 cm, the cement consumption per square meter will be equal to 0.02 m3 (0.02x1x1). Given the proportions of 1:3, 0.005 m3 of cement will be required. Therefore, for a wall of 50 m2, 0.025 m3 of cement will be required.
Another way
Solution 1 m3 sand + 1/3 m3 cement (333 l)
333l x 1.4kg/l=466kg – amount of cement for one cube of mortar
Calculation of cement per cube of mortar for floor screed
To fill a screed with a thickness of 5 cm and an area of 60 m2, the following calculations are made: 60x0.05 = 3 m3 (amount of cement mortar). Taking into account the proportion of 1:3, the result is 1m3 of cement.
Another way
Solution 1 cubic meter of sand + 1/3 cubic meter of cement (333 l)
333l x 1.4kg/l=466kg – the amount of cement required for one cube of mortar
Calculation of cement per cube of foundation mortar
Based on the optimal proportion of cement, crushed stone and sand for foundation mortar, which is 1:5:3, and taking into account the size of the foundation, you can similarly calculate the cement consumption for its construction. To avoid errors in calculations, another 10% must be added to the total volume.
Calculation of cement per cube of masonry mortar
For the construction of walls, cement consumption is made taking into account the area of the building and the type of masonry (block or brick). The optimal ratio of sand and cement for masonry is 1:4
Solution 1 m3 sand + 1/4 m3 cement (250 l)
250l x 1.4kg/l=350kg – the amount of cement required for one cube of mortar.
Buying only the required amount of cement, a material that is highly hygroscopic, means realizing reasonable savings.
From proper planning The norms for the consumption of building materials depend not only on the completion date of the work, but also, to a greater extent, on the quality of the structure. The most difficult thing in the calculations is exact compliance with technological standards. In addition, knowing the exact amount of materials, you can significantly reduce construction costs, since the amount of waste will be minimized.
Why bother with proportions?
If it is quite difficult to make a mistake in calculations applied to materials measured in linear units, then in the case of dry mixtures and their components, errors occur quite often. It will not be difficult to calculate the number of bricks for building a wall, knowing its dimensions, but to calculate the number of components for a cube of masonry mortar, difficulties may arise. In a word, we will consider the consumption of cement per 1 cubic meter of mortar for various purposes today.
To obtain high-quality cement mortar for certain purposes, it is necessary to strictly observe the proportions of not only cement, but also all other components. Crushed stone, sand, as well as cement, must also be added in a certain proportion. The fact is that if the consistency of sand or crushed stone is exceeded, the consequences for the structure as a whole can be very disappointing.
Consumption of cement and sand per cube of mortar
If you add too much crushed stone to the solution, then between the fractions there will be cavities into which cement has not penetrated, and, accordingly, the product or structural element will not be monolithic and will not comply design load and other characteristics. Hence the short service life, premature costs for repairs or even replacement of a failed element, if this is possible.
The same story can happen when the proportion of sand exceeds the norm. In this case, we involuntarily increase the consumption of cement per cubic meter of screed mortar, but we do not obtain the required strength in any case. This is where it comes from golden rule cement proportions:
You need to add exactly as much water as required technical specifications, no more, no less. The main factor influencing the quality and suitability of a concrete mixture for certain conditions is the brand and quantity of cement. In addition, we provide several different tables with approximate proportions for preparation concrete mixtures completely different purposes.
Golden proportion of concrete mixture
In principle, cement consumption rates fit into clear mathematical calculations, but in order not to overload builders with rough mental work, these tables were created. Each of them corresponds to the principles of proportional compliance that we cited above - 1/3/5. Accordingly, to obtain a hypothetical unit of the finished solution, it is necessary to mix nine equal parts of all components.
In order not to go deep into the arithmetic course for the third grade secondary school, let's say that to obtain an average cubic meter of solution you need to have 333 kg of average cement. The entire difference in proportions is dictated by the characteristics of one or another technological process, in which the mixture is used - per cube of mortar for plaster and for the same amount of mixture for a strong screed, naturally, the amount of cement will be slightly different, as indicated in the tables.
The meaning of cement grade
It is also necessary to take into account the brand of cement. There is no need to recalculate the proportions each time if the purpose of the cement mortar or the brand of cement has changed. Each of the solutions is marked according to the brand of cement. So, if concrete grade 300 is needed for the construction of the foundation, and only M400 grade cement is available, it is enough to check the tables, which will give the necessary correction for the consumption of cement of the grade that is intended to be used.
For example, to get a cube of concrete grade 100, you need to spend:
- 390 kg of cement grade 300;
- 300 kg m400;
- approximately 250 kg of grade 500 cement.
Features of preparing masonry mortar
But that’s not so bad. To prepare concrete, for example, for screeds or pouring a foundation, you do not need to take into account the properties of materials that are in direct contact with the solution. Masonry mixtures- are much more difficult to prepare and calculate, and all because each of wall materials has its own characteristics.
As a rule, adjustments are made to the consumption rates of materials for masonry mortar based on the structure, porosity, ability to absorb moisture, one or another building material. Of course, the golden ratio for brickwork will be correct, but an experienced mason will always make changes to the proportions just by looking at the quality of the brick or wall block.
Thus, the calculation of the amount of materials for preparing the solution is based on practice-tested data compiled in tables, but taking into account amendments that provide for the characteristics of a particular material. Happy kneading!
The table of cement consumption per 1 cubic meter of solution shows the quantitative weight proportions of the composition mortar mixture for screed, masonry, plaster.
In conditions modern construction, use different types cement-sand mixture, the difference of which lies in the proportions of the components.
- As a rule, a solution in proportions 1:3 (1 cement and 3 sand) plus plasticizer and fiber fiber.
- Used for masonry maca mortar 150 1:4 (1 cement and 4 sand), there is no point in taking a higher brand because strength grade of red brick M150.
- For plaster 1:1:5.5:0.3 (1-cement, 1-slaked lime, 5.5-sand, 0.3-clay)— brand of solution M50.
Typically, cement is used as a binding component in the preparation of mortar. It is absolutely clear that a cubic meter of mixture for laying brick walls and a cubic meter of mixture for concrete have completely different ratios of components, since these two mortars are intended for various types construction work.
Consumption of mortar for masonry
The ratio of cement to other components per cubic meter of mixture.
Beginning amateur builders often think that they can easily determine in what proportions to mix the components of the mixture “by eye.” And the price for these experiments are cracks in the foundation.
To correctly calculate the amount of cement in one cubic meter of mixture, expensive tools are not required. All you need to do is use:
- table of concrete components - given at the beginning of the article.
- concrete mixer;
- scales (preferably electronic, although this is not a strict requirement);
- a container in which you can measure the volume (most often, a bucket with a capacity of 10 liters is used for this);
- calculator.
Proportion of ingredients for construction mixture(cement, sand, water, aggregate, and if required, special additives) is determined according to the type of construction work.
Plaster cement-lime-sand mixture.
When performing construction and is very often used plastering cement-lime sand mixture for brick, concrete and wooden walls. And although the popularity of gypsum plaster mixtures is enormous, many customers still choose cement-lime mortars for plastering. Izvestkovo cement mortar for plastering walls has many positive characteristics, but its main advantage is its relatively low price. This material is flexible and also very durable. Cement-lime plaster has excellent adhesion to the surface and is usually used for finishing interior walls of rooms with high humidity.Cement-lime mortar composition.
IN composition of cement-lime mortar consists of three components: binder (cement and lime), filler (sand) and water. To make the mortar, you will need fresh cement of grade 400 or 500. When cement is stored for a long time in conditions that are far from ideal, the grade of cement decreases and the properties deteriorate accordingly. After a month of such storage, grade M 500 will turn into M 450, and in six months the cement may lose a quarter of its properties.
River or quarry sand must be sifted through a mesh with a mesh size of 3-5 mm. To prepare plaster it is usually used quarry sand, since it contains a small amount, so the solution is a little softer and more flexible. Also, to increase plasticity, you can add PVA glue (0.5 liters per 20 liters of solution), liquid soap(approximately 0.2 liters per 20 liters of solution) or add plasticizers.
If the lime is not slaked, then it must be slaked. Lime is poured into a barrel and filled with water, observing basic safety rules and using goggles and gloves for protection, since due to chemical reaction a huge amount of heat is released.
Cement-lime mortar proportions.
The proportions for plastering with cement-lime mortar during manufacturing differ depending on what kind of construction and finishing work it is planned to use. this material. One of the most common options for finishing walls with plaster: 1:1:6 or 1:2:9 (one part cement: one part lime milk: six parts sand).